高级英语课后习题答案.docx

高级英语课后习题答案.docx

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高级英语课后习题答案

SpeechonHitler’sInvasionoftheU.S.S.R.

I.Givebriefanswerstothefollowingquestions,usingyourownwordsasmuchaspossible:

　1）WhenandhowdidtheGermansattacktheSovietUnion?

　2）WhatwasChurchill’sreactiontothenewsofHitler’sinvasionofRussia?

Why?

　3）WhydidChurchillsidewiththeSovietUnionsincehehadalwaysbeenanavowedenemyofcommunism?

　4）WhatpolicydidChurchilldeclareBritainwouldpursue?

　5）What,accordingtoChurchill,wasHitler’smotiveininvadingRussia?

Doyouagreewithhim?

Ⅱ.Paraphrase:

　1）HitlerwascountingonenlistingcapitalistandRightWingsympathiesinthiscountryandtheU.S.A.

　2）WinantsaidthesamewouldbetrueoftheU.S.A.

　3）Mylifeismuchsimplifiedthereby.

　4）IwillunsaynowordthatIhavespokenaboutit.

　5）IseetheGremanbombersandfightersinthesky,stillsmartingfrommanyaBritishwhipping,delightedtofindwhattheybelieveisaneasierandasaferprey.

　6）Weshallbestrengthenednotweakenedindeterminationandinresources.

　7）Letusredoubleourexertions,andstrikewithunitedstrengthwhilelifeandpowerremain.

Ⅲ.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:

　1）Ihaveonlyonepurpose,thedestructionofHitler,andmylifeismuchsimplifiedthereby.IfHitlerinvadedHellIwouldmakeatleastafavourablereferencetotheDevilintheHouseofCommons.

　2）IfHitlerimaginesthathisattackonSovietRussiawillcausetheslightestdivergenceofaimsorslackeningofeffortinthegreatdemocracieswhoareresolveduponhisdoom,heiswoefullymistaken.

　3）HewishestodestroytheRussianpowerbecausehehopesthatifhesucceedsinthishewillbeabletobringbackthemainstrengthofhisArmyandAirForcefromtheEastandhurlituponthisisland,whichheknowshemustconquerorsufferthepenaltyofhiscrimes.

　4）Hehopesthathemayonceagainrepeat,uponagreaterscalethaneverbefore,thatprocessofdestroyinghisenemiesonebyonebywhichhehassolongthrivedandprospered,andthatthenthescenewillbeclearforthefinalact,withoutwhichallhiscouquestswouldbeinvain--namely,thesubjugationoftheWesternHemispheretohiswillandtohissystem.

IV.Lookupthefollowingwordsinthedictionaryandexplainthemeaningof‘anti-’ineachcase.PutthemintoChineseandgivefurtherexamples.

　1）anti-imperialist,antichrist

　2）antibacterial,antifreeze

　3）antiaircraft,anti-ballisticmissile

　4）antithesis,antihero

V.Allthefollowingsentencescontainmetaphors.Rewritethesesentences,usingplain,non-figurativelanguage.

　1）Hewasalmostattheendofhistetherwhenhestumbledonthesolutionofhisdifficulty.

　2）Afterthefailureofhislastnovelhisreputationstandsonslipperygrounds.

　3）Heturnedablindeyetothebadconditionsinhisfactory.

　4）Peoplewholiveinglasshousesshouldnotthrowstones.

　5）Thismayteachtheyoungmannottoplaywithfire.

　6）Hisindustry,perseveranceanddeterminationultimatelybroughthimarichharvest.

　7）Thepupilstookaleafoutoftheirteacher’sbook.

　8）Afterhisfirstnovelcameout,thewriterreceivedanavalancheofletters.

Ⅵ.Pickoutthemetaphorsusedinthetextandexplaintheirmeaningsinyourownwords.

　Models:

standingonthethresholdoftheirnativeland–Herethresholdisusedmetaphorically,meaningentrance,ormoreliterally,frontiers.

VII.Writefivesentencesorphrasescontainingalliteration.

　Models:

　1）fightingforhishearthandhome

　2）Letuslearnthelessonsalreadytaughtbysuchcruelexperience.

VII.Inhisspeech,Churchillusesalotofrepetitionsandparallelstructurestoachieveemphasis.Pickthemoutfromthetext.

　Models:

　1）Fromthisnothingwillturnus-nothing.（repetitionofwords）

　2）Behindallthisglare,behindallthisstorm（parallelstructure）

　3）Thatisourpolicyandthatisourdeclaration.（parallelstructure）

　4）Wewillneverparley.Wewillnevernegotiate（repetitionofmeaningindifferentwords）

IX.PickoutwordsorphrasesfromthetextthatclearlyshowChurchill’sextremecontemptforNazidom.

X.Replacetheitalicizedwordswithsimple,everydaywords:

　1）Thereonlyremainedthetaskofcomposingit.（）

　2）TheGermans"seemedtobedrivingforwardwithgreatrapidityandviolence.（）

　3）HitlerwascountingonenlistingcapitalistandRightWingsympathies（）

　4）herevertedtothistheme（）

　5）Hedevotedthewholedaytoit（）

　6）IseetheRussiansoldiersstandingonthethresholdoftheirnativeland（）

　7）IseetheRussiansoldiersguardingthefields...tilledfromtimeimmemorial（）

　8）Iseethatsmallgroupofvillainousmen,whoplan,organize（）

　9）IfeelsureitisadecisioninwhichtheGreatDominionswillinduecourseconcur.（）

　10）Wewillneverparley.（）

　11）Withoutdistinctionofrace,creed,orparty（）

　12）Heiswoefullymistaken（）

　13）Andsavedtheworldfromthiscatastrophe（）

XI.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish（usingthefollowingwordsorexpressions:

tobetrueof,tothateffect,tosubjugate,justas,tooverwhelm,but,tocounton）:

　1）这对农村和城市都一样适用。

　2）他指望他们给予支持。

　3）我不记得他是怎么说的，但我肯定他讲话的大意是那样的。

　4）邱吉尔说：

“告诉斯大林，英国只有一个愿望——击败希特勒。

”

　5）在那个国家只剩下百分之九的人是文盲。

　6）他们别无选择，只好依靠他的努力了。

　7）客人们对受到的热情接待感到过意不去。

　8）他们用出其不意的进攻打垮了敌人。

　9）他们的困难就是我们的困难，正如我们把他们的胜利看作是我们自己的胜利一样。

　10）很清楚，德国法西斯企图使那个地区的人民屈服于他们的统治。

XI.Fillintheblankswithturnorturn（down,in,into,on,out,to,up）:

　1）Inthespringof1941thesituationtookanominous____forBritain.

　2）JulyandAugustrainshad____thefield____alushgreencarpet.

　3）Thepacts,signedbytheU.S.andPanama,wouldgivePanamacontrolofthewaterwaybythe____ofthecomingcentury.

　4）Thetalk____moreseriousmatters.

　5）TheSaudishave____theirdesertkingdom_____nothinglessthanawealthystate.

　6）Onceagain,thetopstrategistsare_____theirattention____thecriticalsituationintheBalkans.

　7）Hesaidthateveryoneshould____theirbacks___acravingforfameandprestige.

　8）Hisrequestwas____

　9）Chemicalplantsinthevicinity_____morethanhalfthenation’ssodaashforindustry.

　10）Iamgladthingshave_____sowell.

　11）Inthatcountry,thesternpolicetacticsandtheirfailureto____anyterroristspromptedsomecriticism.

XIII.Rearrangethefollowingsentencesinalogicalorder:

　1）Atfirsthissurprisemoveseemedlikelytosucceed.

　2）TheRussiansalsoburnedtheirfarmsandblewuptheirdamsandpowerplants.

　3）ThoughtheRussianarmiesfellback,theyfoughtsavagely.

　4）SoontheystoodbeforetheimportantcitiesofLeningrad,Moscow,andStalingrad.

　5）Inshort,theyleftnothingbut“scorchedearth”fortheoccupyingGermans.

　6）InJune1941HitlersuddenlylaunchedanattackonRussia.

　7）ButthecitiesdidnotfallnordidRussiacollapse.

XIV.Topicsfororalwork

　1）What"Crimes","follies"and"tragedies"wasChurchillreferringto?

　2）CommentonChurchill’sspeech.

XV.Writeasummaryofthespeechwithin200words.

习题全解

I.

　1）GermanyattackedRussiaonanenormousfrontbyaironSunday,June22.

　2）Hewasnotsurprisedatthenews,becausehehadthoughtthattheGermanswouldattacktheSovietUnion.

　3）Becausehehadonlyonepurpose,thedestructionofHitler,whohethoughtwastheworstintheworld.

　4）ThepolicythatChurchilldeclaredBritainwouldpursuewastodestroyHitlerandwipeoffeverysingletraceoftheNaziregime.

　5）AccordingtoChurchill,Hitler’sinvasionofRussiaservedasthefirststepforhisinvasionofBritain,thuscontrollingoftheWesternHemisphere.

Ⅱ.

　1）HitlerwashopingthatifheattackedRussia,hewouldwininBritainandtheU.S.thesupportofthosewhowereenemiesofCommunism.

　2）WinantsaidtheUnitedStateswouldadoptthesameattitude.

　3）Inthisway,mylifeismademucheasierinthiscase,itwillbemucheasierformetodecideonmyattitudetowardsevents.

　4）IwillnottakebackasinglewordofwhatIhavesaidaboutCommunism.

　5）IcanseetheGermanbombersandfightersinthesky,who,aftersufferingseverelossesintheaerialbattleofEngland,nowfeelhappybecausetheythinktheycaneasilybeattheRussianairforcewithoutheavyloss.

　6）Weshallbemoredeterminedandshallmakebetterandfulleruseofourresources.

　7）LetusstrengthenourunityandoureffortsinthefightagainstNaziGermanywhenwehavenotyetbeenoverwhelmedandwhenwearestillpowerful.

Ⅲ.Seethetranslationofthetext.

IV.

　1）anti-Communist反共产主义的（人）；antichrist反对基督（教）的（人）Here"anti-"means"against","hostileto","opposedto".Otherexamples,anti-Japanese,anticolonial,anti-party,anti-imperialist,anti-fascist,anti-apartheid,antidraft,antislavery,anti-Smith.

　2）antibacterial抗细菌的，抗菌物；antifreeze防冻剂Inthesetwocases,"anti-"means"preventing’,"curing’,"neutralizing"or"reducing".Otherexamples:

antiknock,antitoxin,anti-pollution,anti-malarial,antifriction,anti-icer.

　3）antiaircraft防空的anti-ballisticmissile反弹道导弹Here"anti-"hasthemeaningof"counteracting","operatingagainst"or"resisting".Otherexamples:

antitank,antipersecution,antitrust,antigas,antisubmarine,antidote,antimagnetic.

　4）antithesis（修辞学中的）对句，对话，偶句；antihero（小说，戏剧中）不按传统性主角品格塑造的主角Here"anti-"means"opposite","reverse".Otherexamples:

antimatter,antipole,antiparticle,antineutron,antiphrasis,antipode,antinovel.

V.

　1）Hewasalmostattheendofhispowerswhen…

　2）-"hisreputationisuncertain.

　3）Hecompletelyignored…

　4）Peoplewhoareinavulnerablepositionshouldnotattackothers.

　5）Thismayteachtheyoungmannottotakefoolishrisks.