大学体验英语视听说教程4第5单元答案.docx
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大学体验英语视听说教程4第5单元答案.docx
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大学体验英语视听说教程4第5单元答案
FamousQuote
Thesuccessfulmanwillprofitfromhismistakesandtryagaininadifferentway.
-DaleCarnegie
DaleBreckenridgeCarnegie(1888-1955):
AnAmericanwriterandlecturerandthedeveloperoffamouscoursesinself-improvement,salesmanship,corporatetraining,publicspeakingandinterpersonalskills.BorninpovertyonafarminMissouri,hewastheauthorofHowtoWinFriendsandInfluencePeople,firstpublishedin1936,amassivebestsellerthatremainspopulartoday.HealsowroteabiographyofAbrahamLincoln,titledLincolntheUnknown,andseveralotherbooks.
UnitOverview
Businessinpost-modernerahasfounditswayintoallwalksoflife,affectingindividuals’lives,socialeconomyandpoliticsasawhole.Globalizationfacilitatesbusinessexpansionononehandandspeedsuptheeconomicintegrationandinterdependenceontheother.Inthisunit,studentswillgettoknowtheglobalbusinessandeconomiccrisesthroughreal-lifecasesandseehowthesecrisescanbedealtwith.Listeningandspeakingactivitiesinthisunitwillinspirestudentstolearntofacedifficultiesandhandletheirstudycareerstotheirbestadvantages.
Inthisunit,youwill
1.gettoknowbusinessandeconomiccrisesthroughlistening,viewingandreading
2.talkabouthowtofacecrisesinreallifethroughguidedactivities
3.conductapollon“ObstaclesUniversityStudentsFaceandVariousWaysTheyUsetoOvercomeThem”withyourpeers
4.learnusefulwordsandexpressions
5.learntoreflectonyourownlearningandcommentonthatofyourpeers
6.learntothinkindependently,criticallyandcreatively
BackgroundInformation
2009–2010Toyotavehiclerecalls
ThreeseparatebutrelatedrecallsofautomobilesbyToyotaMotorCorporationoccurredattheendof2009andstartof2010.Toyotainitiatedtherecalls,thefirsttwowiththeassistanceofthe.NationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration(NHTSA),afterseveralvehiclesexperiencedunintendedacceleration.Thefirstrecall,onNovember2,2009,wastocorrectapossibleincursionofanincorrectorout-of-placefrontdriver’ssidefloormatintothefootpedalwell,whichcancausepedalentrapment.Thesecondrecall,onJanuary21,2010,wasbegunaftersomecrasheswereshownnottohavebeencausedbyfloormatincursion.Thislatterdefectwasidentifiedasapossiblemechanicalstickingoftheacceleratorpedalcausingunintendedacceleration,referredtoasStickingAcceleratorPedalbyToyota.TheoriginalactionwasinitiatedbyToyotaintheirDefectInformationReport,datedOctober5,2009,amendedJanuary27,2010.Followingthefloormatandacceleratorpedalrecalls,Toyotaalsoissuedaseparaterecallforhybridanti-lockbrakesoftwareinFebruary2010.
AsofJanuary28,2010,Toyotahadannouncedrecallsofapproximatelymillionvehiclesforthepedalentrapment/floormatproblem,andanadditionalmillionvehiclesfortheacceleratorpedalproblem.Approximatelymillionvehiclesaresubjecttoboth.Thenextday,ToyotawidenedtherecalltoincludemillionvehiclesinEuropeand75,000inChina.Bythen,theworldwidetotalnumberofcarsrecalledbyToyotastoodat9million.Thenumberofallegedvictimsandreportedproblemssharplyincreasedfollowingtherecallannouncements,whichwereheavilycoveredbyU.S.media,althoughthecausesofindividualreportsweredifficulttoverify.Governmentofficials,automotiveexperts,Toyota,andmembersofthegeneralpubliccontestedthescopeofthesuddenaccelerationissueandtheveracityofvictimandproblemreports.TherecallsfurtherledtoNHTSAandToyotainvestigations,alongwithmultiplelawsuits.
TopicPreview
1.ReadthepassageonpageXandlearntheusefulexpressionsrelatedtobusinesscrisis.
2.Logonlineandsearchforinformationconcerningspecificcasesaboutbusinessandeconomiccrises.
LessonOne
Leadin
Task1DescribingthePicture
TeachingTips
1.Thistaskisdesignedtopreparestudentsforthetopic“thebusinesscrisis”.
2.Askstudentstodescribethepicturewiththeirpeers.
3.Herearesomequestionsforstudentstodiscuss:
Whatdoesthepictureimply?
Whatdoyouthinkmightbethereasonsforpeopleorbusinessesfeelingashortageofmoney?
Howdotheyusuallycopewithit?
Describethepicturefirstandthendiscusshowpeoplecopewithmoneyshortage.
Task2ReflectingontheReading
TeachingTips
1.Thistaskisdesignedtocheckstudents’understandingofthereadingmaterial.
2.Askstudentstoanswerthefollowingquestions.
ReadthroughthesupplementaryreadingpassageonpageX,andanswerthefollowingquestions.
1.Accordingtothepassage,whatdidToyotafailtonoticeasitgrewtobecometheworld’slargestautomaker?
Answer:
Toyotafailedtoadjustitscorporatestructuretoaccommodateitsalteredscaleandhaveoverlookedfundamentalprinciplesthatusedtounderpinitsbusiness.
2.WheredoesToyotamanufactureitsacceleratorpedals?
Answer:
ToyotaacceleratorpedalsareproducedbothbyDensoofJapanandCTSofElkhart,Indiana,US.
3.WhatarethereasonsthatthetwoToyotaacceleratorsuppliersproducedacceleratorpedalsofdifferentquality?
Answer:
TheDensoandCTSmechanismsusedifferentwiringharnesses.Inotherwords,Toyota,themasterofcommunization,neglectedtoensurethatidenticalpartsfromtwosupplierswere,infact,identical.
4.WhydoproblemsinToyotagetlostandsolutionsgetdelayedwhenToyotaismanagedinthepresentway?
Answer:
ToyotaemploysachimneymanagerialapproachinwhichcomplaintsfromcustomersinU.S.wouldtravelfirsttosalesheadquartersinJapan,andthentomanufacturingforimplementation.OnlyafterthatwoulditfinditswaybacktotheU.S.
5.Accordingtothepassage,whatshouldToyotadoinordertodealwiththisbusinesscrisis?
Answer:
Itneedstomodernizeitscorporatestructure,revisitthebasicelementsofitsproductdevelopmentsystem,andreconsidertheimpactofitsaggressivecost-cutting.
Task3ExpandingYourVocabulary
TeachingTips
1.Thistaskisdesignedtoenlargestudents’vocabularyandimprovetheirabilitytoexplainwordsinEnglish.
2.AskstudentstomatchthewordswiththecorrectmeaningandmemorizetheEnglishexplanations.
Readthroughthewordsintheleft-handcolumn,andmatcheachofthemwiththeappropriatemeaningintheright-handcolumn.
1.
getstuck
A.
tomakesomethingsuchasabusiness,organizationetc.workmoresimplyandeffectively
2.
hearing
B.
todescribearateofincreasewhichbecomesquickerandquickerasthethingthatincreasesbecomeslarger
3.
accelerate
C.
tobepushedintoorthroughandstaythere
4.
corporation
D.
anofficialmeetingthatisheldtocollectthefactsaboutaneventoraproblem
5.
automaker
E.
speedup
6.
woe
F.
alargecompanyorgroupofcompaniesthatiscontrolledtogetherasasingleorganization
7.
streamline
G.
greatproblemsortroubles
8.
exponentially
H.
carmanufacturer
Key:
1-C2-D3-E4-F5-H6-G7-A8-B
AudioStudio
WordBank
1.
recall
n.
anoccasionwhensomeoneordersthereturnofproductsmadebyacompany召回
2.
circuit
n.
aclosedsystemofwiresorpipesthroughwhichelectricityorliquidcanflow电路
3.
pedal
n.
asmallpartofamachineorobjectwhichispusheddownwiththefoottooperateormovethemachineorobject踏板
4.
electrical
adj.
relatedtoelectricity电的,有关电的
5.
claim
n.
astatementthatsomethingistrueorisafact,althoughotherpeoplemightnotbelieveit声明,主张
6.
handle
v.
todealwith,haveresponsibilityfor,orbeinchargeof处理,操作
7.
approach
n.
awayofconsideringordoingsomething方法,途径
8.
complaint
n.
whensomeonesaysthatsomethingiswrongornotsatisfactory诉苦,抱怨,牢骚
9.
haveanimpacton
tohaveaninfluenceonsth.影响到
10.
Congress
美国国会
11.
AkioToyoda
人名,丰田汽车集团现任总裁
12.
JimLentz
人名
Task1IdentifyingtheGist
TeachingTips
1.Thistaskisdesignedtotrainstudentstogetthegistoftheaudioclip.
2.Askstudentstogooverthequestionsandmaketheirchoicesquickly.
3.Tellthemnottoworryaboutindividualwordsbuttofocusonunderstandingthewholepassage.
4.Playtheaudioclipandaskstudentstomakethecorrectchoices.
Listentotheaudioclip,andchoosetherightanswerstothequestions.
1.Whatistheaudioclipmainlyabout?
A)Toyotarecallsaroundtheworld
B)ToyotarecallhearingsinUScongress
C)ThedevelopmentofToyotaCorporation.
2.Whatmightbethecauseforthecartoacceleratesuddenly?
A)Ashortcircuit.
B)FloorMats.
C)Stuckgaspedal.
Task2Checkingthefacts
TeachingTips
1.Thistaskisdesignedtotrainstudentstofocusonimportantdetails.
2.Askstudentstoreadthestatementsquicklyandprepareforthelistening.
3.Playtheaudioclipagainanddrawstudents’attentiontothedetailedinformation.
4.Allowstudentssometimetocompletethestatements.
5.Askstudentstorepeatthesentencesandmemorizethekeyphrasesorsentencestructures.
Listentotheaudioclipagainandfillintheblanksaccordingtowhatyouhaveheard.Repeatthesentencesafteryouhavecompletedthem.
1.USCongressislookingatsomeoftheproblemsthatToyota’sbeenhavingwithvehiclerecallsandexamininghowthecarmakerhasrespondedtothesituation.
2.AnengineeringfirmthatwashiredbyToyotatocheckouttheclaimfoundthesamething.
3.AkioToyoda,thepresidentoftheentireToyotacorporation,hasannouncednewsafetymeasuresthatthecompanyplanstotakefromhereonout.
Script
USCongressislookingatsomeoftheproblemsthatToyota’sbeenhavingwithvehiclerecallsandexamininghowt
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