阅读高考冲刺训练1.docx
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阅读高考冲刺训练1.docx
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阅读高考冲刺训练1
阅读理解与任务型阅读专练
A
Ideasaboutpolitebehavioraredifferentfromoneculturetoanother.Somesocieties,suchasAmericaandAustralia,forexample,aremobileandveryopen.Peopleherechangejobsandmovehousequiteoften.Asaresult,theyhavealotofrelationshipsthatoftenlastonlyashorttime,andtheyneedtogettoknowpeoplequickly.Soit’snormaltohavefriendlyconversationswithpeoplethattheyhavejustmet,andyoucantalkaboutthingsthatothercultureswouldregardaspersonal.
Ontheotherhand,therearemorecrowdedandlessmobilesocietieswherelong–termrelationshipsaremoreimportant.AMalaysianorMexicanbusinessperson,forexample,willwanttogettoknowyouverywellbeforeheorshefeelshappytostartbusiness.Butwhenyoudogettoknoweachother,therelationshipbecomesmuchdeeperthanitwouldinamobilesociety.
ToAmericans,bothEuropeansandAsiansseemcoolandformalatfirst.Ontheotherhand,asapassengerfromalessmobilesocietyputsit,it’snofunspendingseveralhoursnexttoastrangerwhowantstotellyouallabouthisorherlifeandasksyouallsortsofquestionsthatyoudon’twanttoanswer.
Cross-culturaldifferencesaren’tjustaproblemfortravelers,butalsofortheflightsthatcarrythem.Allflightswanttoprovidethebestservice,butideasaboutgoodservicearedifferentfromplacetoplace.Thiscanbeseenmostclearlyinthewaythatproblemsaredealtwith.
Somesocietieshave“universalist”cultures.Thesesocietiesstronglyrespectrules,andtheytreateverypersonandsituationinbasicallythesameway.
“Particularist”societies,ontheotherhand,alsohaverules,buttheyarelessimportantthanthesociety’sunwrittenideasaboutwhatisrightorwrongforaparticularsituationoraparticularperson.Sothenormalrulesarechangedtofittheneedsofthesituationortheimportanceoftheperson.
Thisdifferencecancauseproblems.Atravelerfromaparticularistsociety,India,ischeckinginforaflightinGermany,acountrywhichhasauniversalistculture.TheIndiantravelerhastwomuchluggage,butheexplainsthathehasbeenawayfromhomeforalongtimeandthesuitcasesarefullofpresentsforhisfamily.Heexpectsthatthecheck–inofficialwillunderstandhisproblemandwillchangetherulesforhim.Thecheck–inofficialexplainsthatifhewasallowedtohavetoomuchluggage,itwouldn’tbefairtotheotherpassengers.Butthetravelerthinksthisisunfair,becausetheotherpassengersdon’thavehisproblem.
56.OftenmovingfromoneplacetoanothermakespeoplelikeAmericansandAustralians.
A.liketravelingbetterB.easytocommunicatewith
C.difficulttomakerealfriendsD.havealong–termrelationshipwiththeirneighbors
57.PeoplelikeMalaysiansprefertoassociatewiththose_________.
A.whowilltellthemeverythingoftheirown
B.whowanttodobusinesswiththem
C.theyknowquitewell
D.whoaregoodattalking
58.Apersonfromalessmobilesocietywillfeelit_______whenastrangerkeepstalkingtohimorher,andaskinghimorherquestions.
A.boringB.friendlyC.normalD.rough
59.ThewriterofthepassagethinksthattheIndianandtheGermanhavedifferentideasaboutrulesbecauseofdifferent_______.
A.interestsB.habitsandcustomsC.culturesD.waysoflife
B
Breathe,waveandsmile.Alongwithmorethan300otherseniors,ImarchedintothestadiumontheafternoonofMay10.Theaudienceburstintodeafeningcheers.Thehugestadiumshookwithallthewhistlingandclapping.
ItwasasifaHollywoodsuperstarhadwalkedonstage.Andindeed,everysingleseniorthatdaywasastarofthemoment.Eachdeservedit.Theseniorshadbeenpreparingforfouryearsforthisonce-in-a-lifetimemoment—thecommencement(graduationceremony).
Seated,Iwaitedanxiouslyfortheopeningaddress.Asaforeignexchangestudent,Iwasnotabletoreceiveadiploma.However,Istillhadthewonderfulfeelingofbeingpartofthings.Liketheothergraduates,Iwasdressedinmarroncapandgown.
Ourprincipal,MrGlover,deliveredashort,warmgreeting.TheUSnationalanthemfollowedandthen,handsonchests,asolemnPledgeofAllegiance(美国的爱国誓言).
Studentswhohadexcelledacademicallygavefarewellspeeches.Thetearsinsomeeyesconvincedmethatmanyhaddeepfeelingsabouttheoccasion.Itwasastheclassmottosays,“Lifebringsustears,smilesandmemories.Thetearsdry;thesmilesfade;butthememorieslastforever.”
Thencamethecore(themostimportantpart)ofthecommencement.Hundredsofnameswereannounced.Eachgraduatewalkedacrossthestagetoreceivehisorherdiplomafromtheprincipal.Fromthedifferentcheerseachgraduategot,wehadthefunnysensethatitwasakindofcompetitionofwhocouldcheertheloudest.
Tobehonest,thepresentationofdiplomasgotboring.Agirlsittingnexttomeevenstartedyawning.Butitwasn’tboringforthosereceivingthediploma:
theywouldtreasurethemomenttheprincipalplacedthesacredbrowndocumentintheirhandsfortherestoftheirlives.
Anewpageinthebookofthatperson’slifehadturned.Theywereglimpsingtheirfutures:
futuresofchallenge,hardship,perhapslonelinesstoo,whichwouldtakealloftheircourage.
60.What’sthearticlemainlyabout?
A.AnAmericanhighschool’sgraduationceremony.
B.Theopeningceremonyofasportsmeeting.
C.Apresentationofcollegediplomas.
D.AUScollege’sfarewellparty.
61.Fromthetext,wecanconcludethat_______.
A.adiplomaensuresagoodjob
B.adiplomaguaranteesabrightfuture
C.thecommencementsymbolizesthebeginningofanewstageinlife
D.everyonefeltexcitedatthepresentationofthediploma
62.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
A.Hollywoodsuperstarswenttoattendthecommencement.
B.Everysingleseniorbecameasuperstaronthecommencementday.
C.Allgraduateswouldtreasurethediplomafortherestoftheirlives.
D.Wheneachgraduategothisorherdiploma,therewereloudcheers.
C
AgainsttheassumptionthatforestfiresinAlaska,CanadaandSiberiawarmtheclimate,scientistshavediscoveredthatcoolingmayoccurinareaswhereburnttreesallowmoresnowtomirrormoresunlightintospace.
Thisfindingsuggeststhattakingstepstopreventnorthernforestfirestolimitthereleaseofgreenhousegasesmaywarmtheclimateinnorthernregions.Usuallylargefiresdestroyedforestsintheseareasoverthepastdecade.Scientistspredictthatwithclimatewarming,firesmayoccurmorefrequentlyovernextseveralcenturiesasaresultofalongerfireseason.Sunlighttakeninbytheearthtendstocausewarming,whileheatmirroredbackintospacetendstocausecooling.
Thisisthefirststudytoanalyzeallaspectsofhownorthernfiresinfluenceclimate.Earlierstudiesbyotherscientistshavesuggestedthatfireinnorthernregionsspeedupclimatewarmingbecausegreenhousegasesfromburningtreesandplantsarereleasedintotheatmosphereandthustrapheat.
Scientistsfoundthatrightafterthefire,largeamountsofgreenhousegasesenteredtheatmosphereandcausedwarming.Ozone(臭氧)levelsincreased,andashfromthefirefellonfar-offseaice,darkeningthesurfaceandcausingmoreradiationfromthesuntobetakenin.Thefollowingspring,however,thelandwithintheareaofthefirewasbrighterthanbeforethefire,becausefewertreescoveredtheground.Snowonthegroundmirroredmoresunlightbackintospace,leadingtocooling.
“Weneedtofindoutallpossiblewaystoreducethegrowthofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere.”Scientiststrackedthechangeinamountofradiationenteringandleavingtheclimatesystemasaresultofthefire,andfoundameasurementcloselyrelatedtotheglobalairtemperature.Typically,fireinnorthernregionsoccursinthesameareaevery80to150years.Scientists,however,foundthatwhenfireoccursmorefrequently,moreradiationislostfromtheearthandcoolingresults.Specifically,theydeterminedwhenfirereturns20yearsearlierthanpredicated,0.5wattspersquaremeterofareaburnedaresoakedupbytheearthfromgreenhousegases,but0.9wattspersquaremeterwillbesentbackintospace.Theneteffectiscooling.Wattsareusedtomeasuretherateatwhichenergyisgainedorlostfromtheearth.
63.Accordingtothenewfindings,takingstepstopreventnorthernforestfiresmay_______.
A.resultinawarmingclimateB.causetheforestfirestooccurmorefrequently
C.leadtoalongerfireseasonD.protecttheforestsandtheenvironmentthere
64.Earlierstudiesaboutnorthernforestfires________.
A.analyzeallaspectsofhownorthernfiresinfluenceclimate
B.indicatethatforestfireswillpollutetheatmosphere
C.suggestthatpeopleshouldtakemeasurestoprotecttheenvironment
D.suggestthatthefireswillspeedupclimatewarming
65.Theunderlinedphrase“soakedup”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans________.
A.releasedB.absorbedC.createdD.disturbed
66.FromthetextwecandrawaconclusionthatforestfiresinAlaska,CanadaandSiberiamay.
A.warmtheclimateastheassumptiongoes
B.allowmoresnowtoreflectmoresunlightintospaceandthuscooltheclimate
C.destroylargeareasofforestsandpollutethefar-offseaice
D.helptogainmoreenergyratherthanreleasemoreenergy
D
Sometimeslifegetsalittledull.Whatusedtobefunanddifferentbecomesboring.Thatisthetimetolookforsomethingnew.Itisthetimeforabigideatogetyourmindoffeverydaylife.Sowhynotsearchforextraterrestrial(地球外的)intelligence?
Orevenbetter,whynotgetyourcomputertodoitforyou?
OvertwomillionpeoplehavejoinedtheSearchforE
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