非谓语动词.docx

非谓语动词.docx

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非谓语动词

A

Weusebothwordsandgesturestoexpressourfeelings．buttheproblemisthatthesewordsandgesturescanbeunderstoodindifferentways．Itistruethatasmilemeansthesamethinginanylanguage.Sodoeslaughterorcrying．Therearealsoanumberofstrikingsimilaritiesinthewaydifferentanimalsshowthesamefeelings．Dogs，tigersandhumans，forexample，oftenshowtheirteethwhentheyareangry．Thisisprobablybecausetheyarebornwiththosebehaviorpatterns．

Fearisanotheremotionthatisshowninmuchthesamewayallovertheworld．InChineseandinEnglishliterature，aphraselike”hewentpaleandbegantotremble”suggeststhatthemaniseitherveryafraidorhehasjustgotaverybigshock．However．”heopenedhiseyeswide”isusedtosuggestangerinChinesewhereasinEnglishitmeanssurprise．InChinese“surprise”canbedescribedinaphraseliketheystretchedouttheirtongues!

’StickingoutyourtongueinEnglishisaninsultinggestureorexpressesstrongdislike．

Eveninthesameculture，peopledifferinabilitytounderstandandexpressfeelings．ExperimentsinAmericahaveshownthatwomenareusuallybetterthanmenatrecognizingfear,anger,loveandhappinessonpeople'sfaces．Otherstudiesshowthatolderpeopleusuallyfinditeasiertorecognizeorunderstandbodylanguagethanyoungerpeopledo．

36Accordingtothepassage，______

A．wecanhardlyunderstandwhatpeople'sgesturesmean

B．wecannotoftenbesurewhatpeoplemeanwhentheydescribetheirfeelingsinwordsorgestures

C．wordscanbebetterunderstoodbyolderpeople

D．gesturescanbeunderstoodbymostofthepeoplewhilewordscannot

37．People'sfacialexpressionsmaybemisunderstoodbecause___

A．peopleofdifferentagesmayhavedifferentunderstanding

B．peoplehavedifferentcultures

C．peopleofdifferentsexmayunderstandagestureinadifferentway

D．peopleofdifferentcountriesspeakdifferentlanguages

38．Inthesameculture，____

A．peoplehavedifferentabilitytounderstandandexpressfeelings

B．peoplehavethesameunderstandingofsomething

C．peopleneverfailtounderstandeachother

D．peopleareequallyintelligent

39．Fromthispassage，wecanconclude___

A．wordsareusedasfrequentlyasgestures

B．wordsareoftenfounddifficulttounderstand

C．wordsandgesturesarebothusedinexpressingfeelings

D．gesturesaremoreefficientlyusedthanwords

40．Thebesttitleforthispassagemaybe___

A．WordsandFeelings

B．Words，GesturesandFeelings

C．GesturesandFeelings

D．CultureandUnderstanding

B

Sometimespeopleaddtowhattheysayevenwhentheydon’ttalk．Gesturesarethe"silentlanguage"ofeveryculture．Wepointafingerormoveanotherpartofthebodytoshowwhatwewanttosay．Itisimportanttoknowthebodylanguageofeverycountryorwemaybemisunderstood．

IntheUnitedStates，peoplegreeteachotherwithahandshakeinaformalintroduction．Thehandshakemustbefirm．Ifthehandshakeisweak，itisasignofweaknessorunfriendliness．Friendsmayplaceahandontheother'sarmorshoulder．Somepeople，usuallywomen，greetafriend，withahug．

SpaceisimportanttoAmericans．Whentwopeopletalktoeachother,theyusuallystandabouttwoandahalffeetawayandatanangle，sotheyarenotfacingeachotherdirectly．Americansgetuncomfortablewhenapersonstandstooclose．Theywillmovebacktohavetheirspace．IfAmericanstouchanotherpersonbyaccident,theysay,“Pardonme．’’or“Excuseme．’’Americansliketolookattheotherpersonintheeyeswhentheyaretalking．Ifyoudon'tdoso，itmeansyouarebored，hidingsomething，orarenotinterested．Butwhenyoustareatsomeone，itisnotpolite．

ForAmericans，thumbs-upmeansyes，verygood，orwelldone．Thumbs-downmeansthe

opposite．Tocallawaiter,raiseonehandtoheadlevelorabove．Toshowyouwantthecheck，makeamovementwithyourhandsasifyouaresingingapieceofpaper．Itisallrighttopointatthings·butnotatpeoplewiththehandandindexfinger．Americansshaketheirindexfingeratchildrenwhentheyscoldthemandpatthemontheheadwhentheyadmirethem．

Learningaculture'sbodylanguageissometimesconfusing．Ifyoudon'tknowwhattodo，the

safestthingtodoistosmile

41．Fromthefirstparagraphwecanlearnthat___

A．gesturesdon'tmeananythingwhiletalking____

B．gesturescanhelpustoexpressourselves

C．wecanlearnalanguagewellwithoutbodylanguage

D．onlyAmericanpeoplecanusegestures

42．IfyouareintroducedtoastrangerfromtheUSA，youshould___

A．greethimwithahug

B．placeahandonhisshoulder

C．shakehishandfirmly

D．shakehishandweakly

43IntheUnitedStates，peopleoften___

A．showtheirfriendshipbyfacingeachotherdirectly

B．showtheirfriendshipbytouchingeachother

C．say‘Pardonme．’toeachotherwhentheyaretalking

D．getuncomfortablewhenyousitcloseto