完整word英语全国卷1 含答案.docx
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完整word英语全国卷1 含答案.docx
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完整word英语全国卷1含答案
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷Ⅰ)
(时间:
120分钟满分:
150分)
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)(见专题十四)
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
TheCambridgeScienceFestivalCuriosityChallenge
DaretoTaketheCuriosityChallenge!
TheCambridgeScienceFestival(CSF)ispleasedtoinformyouofthesixthannual
CuriosityChallenge.Thechallengeinvites,evendaresschoolstudentsbetweenthe
agesof5and14tocreateartworkorapieceofwritingthatshowstheircuriosityand
howitinspiresthemtoexploretheirworld.
Studentsarebeingdaredtodrawapicture,writeanarticle,takeaphotoorwritea
poemthatshowswhattheyarecuriousabout.Toenterthechallenge,allartworkor
piecesofwritingshouldbesenttotheCambridgeScienceFestival,MITMuseum,265MassAvenue,Cambridge02139byFriday,February8th.
StudentswhoentertheCuriosityChallengeandareselectedaswinnerswillbe
honoredataspecialceremonyduringtheCSFonSunday,April21st.Guestspeakers
willalsopresentprizestothestudents.Winningentrieswillbepublishedina
book.Studententrieswillbeexhibitedandprizeswillbegiven.Familiesofthosewho
takepartwillbeincludedinthecelebrationandbrunchwillbeserved.
BetweenMarch10thandMarch15th,eachwinnerwillbegiventhespecificsofthe
closingceremonyandtheCuriosityChallengecelebration.Theprogramguidelines
andotherrelatedinformationareavailableat:
http:
//cambridgesciencefestival.org.
21.WhocantakepartintheCuriosityChallenge?
Schoolstudents.
.A.
B.Cambridgelocals.
C.CSFwinners.
D.MITartists.
22.Whenwilltheprize-givingceremonybeheld?
A.OnFebruary8th.
B.OnMarch10th.
C.OnMarch15th.
D.OnApril21st.
23.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?
A.Anexhibitionguide.
B.Anartshowreview.
C.Anannouncement.
D.Anofficialreport.
B
Passengerpigeons(旅鸽)onceflewovermuchoftheUnitedStatesinunbelievable
numbers.Writtenaccountsfromthe18thand19thcenturiesdescribedflocks(群)so
largethattheydarkenedtheskyforhours.
Itwascalculatedthatwhenitspopulationreacheditshighestpoint,thereweremore
than3billionpassengerpigeons-anumberequalto24to40percentofthetotalbird
populationintheUnitedStates,makingitperhapsthemostabundantbirdinthe
world.Evenaslateas1870whentheirnumbershadalreadybecomesmaller,aflock
believedtobe1milewideand320miles(about515kilometers)longwasseennear
Cincinnati.
Sadly,theabundanceofpassengerpigeonsmayhavebeentheirundoing.Wherethe
birdsweremostabundant,peoplebelievedtherewasanever-lastingsupplyand
killedthembythethousands.Commercialhuntersattractedthemtosmallclearings
withgrain,waiteduntilpigeonshadsettledtofeed,thenthrewlargenetsoverthem,takinghundredsatatime.Thebirdswereshippedtolargecitiesandsoldin
restaurants.
Bytheclosingdecadesofthe19thcentury,thehardwoodforestswherepassenger
pigeonsnestedhadbeendamagedbyAmericans'needforwood,whichscattered(驱散)theflocksandforcedthebirdstogofarthernorth,wherecoldtemperaturesand
springstormscontributedtotheirdecline.Soonthegreatflocksweregone,nevertobe
seenagain.
In1897,thestateofMichiganpassedalawprohibitingthekillingofpassenger
pigeons,butbythen,nosizableflockshadbeenseeninthestatefor10years.Thelast
confirmedwildpigeonintheUnitedStateswasshotbyaboyinPikeCounty,Ohio,in1900.Foratime,afewbirdssurvivedunderhumancare.Thelastofthem,known
affectionatelyasMartha,diedattheCincinnatiZoologicalGardenonSeptember1,1914.
24.Inthe18thandearly19thcenturies,passengerpigeons________.
A.werethebiggestbirdintheworld
B.livedmainlyinthesouthofAmerica
C.didgreatharmtothenaturalenvironment
D.werethelargestbirdpopulationintheUS
25.Theunderlinedword“undoing”probablyreferstothepigeons'________.
A.escapeB.ruin
D.evolution
C.liberation
26.Whatwasthemainreasonforpeopletokillpassengerpigeons?
A.Toseekpleasure.B.Tosaveotherbirds.
D..Tomakemoney.Toprotectcrops.
C27.WhatcanweinferaboutthelawpassedinMichigan?
A.Itwasignoredbythepublic.
B.Itwasdeclaredtoolate.
C.Itwasunfair.
D.Itwasstrict.
C
whip
aholdingentertaineranismindpeople'sin)驯兽师(tamerliontypicalA
(鞭)andachair.Thewhipgetsalloftheattention,butit'smostlyforshow.Inreality,it'sthechairthatdoestheimportantwork.Whenaliontamerholdsachairinfrontof
thelion'sface,theliontriestofocusonallfourlegsofthechairatthesame
time.Withitsfocusdivided,thelionbecomesconfusedandisunsureaboutwhattodo
next.Whenfacedwithsomanyoptions,thelionchoosestofreezeandwaitinsteadof
attackingthemanholdingthechair.
Howoftendoyoufindyourselfinthesamepositionasthelion?
Howoftendoyou
havesomethingyouwanttoachieve(eg.loseweight,startabusiness,travelmore)
-onlytoendupconfusedbyalloftheoptionsinfrontofyouandnevermake
progress?
Thisupsetsmetonoendbecausewhilealltheexpertsarebusydebatingabout
whichoptionisbest,thepeoplewhowanttoimprovetheirlivesareleftconfusedby
alloftheconflictinginformation.Theendresultisthatwefeellikewecan'tfocusor
thatwe'refocusedonthewrongthings,andsowetakelessaction,makeless
progress,andstaythesamewhenwecouldbeimproving.
Itdoesn'thavetobethatway.Anytimeyoufindtheworldwavingachairinyour
face,rememberthis:
Allyouneedtodoisfocusononething.Youjustneedtoget
started.Startingbeforeyoufeelreadyisoneofthehabitsofsuccessfulpeople.Ifyou
havesomewhereyouwanttogo,somethingyouwanttoaccomplish,someoneyou
wanttobecome...takeimmediateaction.Ifyou'reclearaboutwhereyouwanttogo,therestoftheworldwilleitherhelpyougetthereorgetoutoftheway.
28.Whydoestheliontameruseachair?
A.Totrickthelion.
B.Toshowoffhisskills.
C.Togetreadyforafight.
D.Toentertaintheaudience.
29.Inwhatsensearepeoplesimilartoalionfacingachair?
A.Theyfeelpuzzledoverchoices.
Theyholdontothewrongthings.
.B.
C.Theyfindithardtomakechanges.
D.Theyhavetodosomethingforshow.
30.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheexpertsmentionedinParagraph3?
A.Tolerant.B.Doubtful.
C.Respectful.D.Supportive.
31.Whentheworldis“wavingachairinyourface”,you'readvisedto________.
A.waitforabetterchance
B.breakyouroldhabits
C.makeaquickdecision
D.askforclearguidance
D
AsmoreandmorepeoplespeakthegloballanguagesofEnglish,Chinese,Spanish,andArabic,otherlanguagesarerapidlydisappearing.Infact,halfofthe6,000~7,000languagesspokenaroundtheworldtodaywilllikelydieoutbythenextcentury,accordingtotheUnitedNationsEducational,Scientific,andCulturalOrganization
(UNESCO).
Inanefforttopreventlanguageloss,scholarsfromanumberof
organizations—UNESCOandNationalGeographicamongthem—haveformany
yearsbeendocumentingdyinglanguagesandtheculturestheyreflect.
MarkTurin,ascientistattheMacmillanCenter,YaleUniversity,whospecializesin
thelanguagesandoraltraditionsoftheHimalayas,isfollowinginthat__tradition.His
recentlypublishedbook,AGrammarofThangmiwithanEthnolinguistic
IntroductiontotheSpeakersandTheirCulture,growsoutofhisexperienceliving,workingandraisingafamilyinavillageinNepal.
DocumentingtheThangmilanguageandcultureisjustastartingpointforTurin,who
seekstoincludeotherlanguagesandoraltraditionsacrosstheHimalayanreachesof
India,Nepal,Bhutan,andChina.Butheisnotcontenttosimplyrecordthesevoices
beforetheydisappearwithoutrecord.
important
ofwealthadiscoveredTurinCambridgeofUniversitytheAt
materials—includingphotographs,films,taperecordings,andfieldnotes—whichhad
remainedunstudiedandwerebadlyinneedofcareandprotection.
Now,throughthetwoorganizationsthathehasfounded—theDigitalHimalaya
ProjectandtheWorldOralLiteratureProject—Turinhasstartedacampaigntomake
suchdocuments,foundinlibrariesandstoresaroundtheworld,availablenotjustto
scholarsbuttotheyoungergenerationsofcommunitiesfromwhomthematerials
wereoriginallycollected.Thankstodigitaltechnologyandthewidelyavailable
Internet,Turinnotes,theendangeredlanguagescanbesavedandreconnectedwith
speechcommunities.
32.Manyscholarsaremakingeffortsto________.
A.promotegloballanguages
B.rescuedisappearinglanguages
C.searchforlanguagecommunities
D.setuplanguageresearchorganizations
33.Whatdoes“thattradition”inParagraph3referto?
A.Havingfullrecordsofthelanguages.
B.Writingbooksonlanguageteaching.
C.Tellingstoriesaboutlanguageusers.
D.Livingwiththenativespeakers.
34.WhatisTurin'sbookbasedon?
A.TheculturalstudiesinIndia.
B.ThedocumentsavailableatYale.
C.HislanguageresearchinBhutan.
D.HispersonalexperienceinNepal.
35.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTurin'swork?
A.Write,sellanddonate.
B.Record,repairandreward.
C.Collect,protectandreconnect.
experimentandreport.
,Design.D.
第二节(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Thejobsofthefuturehavenotyetbeeninvented.__36__Byhelpingthemdevelop
classicskillsthatwillservethemwellnomatterwhatthefutureholds.
1.Curiosity
Yourchildrenneedtobedeeplycurious.__37__Askkids,“Whatingredients(配料)
canweaddtomak
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