新世纪大学英语综合教程第4册.docx
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新世纪大学英语综合教程第4册.docx
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新世纪大学英语综合教程第4册
ElectronicTeachingPortfolio
BookFour
UnitSeven:
ReadingandReflection
PartIGetStarted
SectionADiscussion
▇Sitinpairsorgroupsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.
1Whydoyouthinkweneedtoread?
2Whatdoyouprefertoread—poems,novelsorplays?
3Whatroledoyouthinkliteraryworksplayinourlives?
▆Answersforreference:
1Hints:
Readingbroadensourhorizons.
Readingenrichesourknowledge.
Readingputsusincontactwiththebestmindsofhumanhistory.
Readingenrichesourexperience.
Readingempowersuswithknowledge.
Readingimprovesourcharacterandtaste.
Readingisagoodpastime.
2Somehints:
a)Differentpeoplereadliteraturefordifferentreasonsandpurposesbecauseoftheirdifferentbackgrounds,tastes,experiencesandeducationalbackground.
b)Thosewhopreferreadingnovelsmaythinknovelsaremoreinterestingandeasiertoreadprobablybecausenovelsusuallyhaveplots.Theycantakereaderstootherplacesandtimes,realorimaginary,allowingthemtomeetpeopleandexperiencelifeinmanydifferentways.Agoodnovelmakesreadersthink,laugh,cryorwonder.
3Reference:
Literaryworksplayanimportantroleinourlife.Theycanbroadenourhorizons.Theyhelpusexperienceakindoflifewhichwecannothaveinreallife.Theyhelpusseethethingswhichwetendtoignoreinourdailylife.Theycanalsohelpusescapefromreality.
SectionBQuotes
▇Studythefollowingquotesaboutreadingandreflectionanddiscussinpairswhatyoucanlearnfromthem.
FrancisBacon
⊙Somebooksaretobetasted;otherstobeswallowed;andsomefewtobechewedanddigested.
—FrancisBacon
Interpretation:
Therearedifferentwaysofreadingbooks.Totasteabook,onecanreaditinastateofrelaxation.Toswallowabookonecanglidehiseyesacrossthelinesofabook.Tochewordigestabookoneshouldreaditactively.Andwhenhehasfinishedreadingabook,thepagesarefilledwithhisnotes.Onlywhengoodbooksarechewedanddigestedcantheyhavealastinginfluenceonone’slife.
AboutFrancisBacon(1561-1626):
anEnglishpolitician,philosopher,andwriter.FrancisBacongraduatedfromTrinityCollege,Cambridge.HewasthefounderofEnglishmaterialistphilosophy,aswellasofmodernscienceinEngland.HeisespeciallyfamousforhisEssays,inwhichhispracticalwisdomisshownthroughhisreflectionsandcommentsonratherabstractsubjects.
BenjaminFranklin
◎Readingmakesafullman,meditationaprofoundman,discourseaclearman.
—BenjaminFranklin
Interpretation:
Readingbroadensourhorizons,moldsourtemperamentandenlightensourminds.Readingprovidesuswiththepossibilityofopeningourselvesuptotheworld,whichhelpsustobecomelearnedandknowledgeablepersons.Thinkingdeeplyhelpsusgainaninsightintohumanlife.Havingscholarlyconversationswithothershelpsusbecomewiser.
AboutBenjaminFranklin(1706-1790):
aUSpolitician,writer,andscientist.Hewasinvolvedinwritingtwohistoricallysignificantdocuments,theDeclarationofIndependence(《独立宣言》)andtheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates(《美国宪法》).Heisfamousforprovingthatlightningisaformofelectricitybydoingascientifictestinwhichheflewakiteduringastorm,andheinventedthelightningconductor.HeisalsowellknownforhisliteraryworkssuchasPoorRichard’sAlmanac(《穷理查德年鉴》1732-1757;亦译作《格言历书》、《穷理查历书》)andAutobiography(《自传》1790).
DenisParsonsBurkitt
◎Itisbettertoreadalittleandponderalotthantoreadalotandponderalittle.
—DenisParsonsBurkitt
Interpretation:
Whatreallycountsisnothowmanybookswehavereadbutwhetherwespendtimethinkingoverwhatwehaveread.Soweshouldreadselectivelyandreflectively.
AboutDenisParsonsBurkitt(1911–1993):
anaccomplishedBritishsurgeon.Hismajorcontributiontomedicalsciencewasthedescription,distribution,andultimately,theetiology(病因学;病源论)ofapediatric(小儿科的)cancerthatbearshisnameBurkitt’slymphoma(伯基特氏淋巴瘤).
LouisaMayAlcott
◎Goodbooks,likegoodfriends,arefewandchosen;themoreselect,themoreenjoyable.
—LouisaMayAlcott
Interpretation:
Booksandfriendsshouldbefewbutgood.Weshouldbehighlyselectiveinreadingbooks,andourgreatestpleasureinreadingcomesfromthebestbooks.
AboutLouisaMayAlcott(1832–1888):
anAmericannovelistbestknownasauthorofthenovelLittleWomen(《小妇人》).
SectionCWatchingandDiscussion
▇Watchthefollowingvideoclip“ReadingReallyMatters”anddothetasksthatfollow.
Introductionofthevideo:
DanaGioia,ChairmanoftheNationalEndowmentfortheArts,istalkingaboutartseducation.
FirsthementionsaproblemintheUnitedStates:
Peoplearereadinglessandemployersarefacingaseriousproblemthattheirnewemployeescan’treadandcan’twrite.
AccordingtoDanaGioia,thosepeoplewhoreaddoexercisemoreanddomorevolunteeringcharitywork.
Thenhecomestotalkabouthowreadingactuallymatterstoaperson.
1Nowfillinthenoteformaccordingtowhatyouhear.
Topic:
ReadingAwakensSomethinginsidetheReader
1)readingincreasesyoursenseofyourownpersonaldestiny.
2)readingmakesthelivesofotherpeoplemorerealtoyou.
Insummary,readingmakesyouunderstandthatotherpeoplehaveaninnerlifeascomplicatedasyourown.
Readingbuildsasocietywithnotonlyimaginativecapability,intellectualcapability,butcompassion,andhumanity.
2Discussthefollowingquestions.
DoyouagreethatChinesepeoplearereadingless?
Doyouthinkmoderntechnologyhasinfluencedthewaypeopleread?
Open.
▇Script:
Americansarereadingless.Becausetheyreadless,theyreadlesswell.Becausetheyreadlesswell,theydolesswellintheeducationalsystem.WeareintheprocessintheUnitedStatesofproducingthefirstgenerationinourhistorythat’slesswell-educatedthantheirparents.Now,Imean,tome,thisis,youknowa…anabandonmentofthewholeAmericanmisroutesofselfimprovement.Becausetheydolesswellinschool,theydolesswellinthejobmarketandeconomically.ThenumberoneproblemsfornewemployersintheUnitedStates:
newemployeescan’tread,newemployeescan’twrite.Andinfact,forthosepeoplewhocan’tevenreadabovethebasiclevel,55%ofthosepeopleendupunemployed.
Andevenonafurtherlevel,theyoverwhelminglyarelike,youknow,aremorelikelytoendupinthecriminaljusticesystem.Only3%ofthepeopleinU.S.prisonsreadataproficiencylevel.Becausetheyreadlesswell,youknow,becauseinasensetheydon’tdevelopthesethings,theyarealsolesslikelytobeengagedinpersonalpositivebehaviorhoweveryouwannameasureit.
Wecanmeasureitmanydifferentways.Youwouldnotthinkit,butitisoverwhelminglydemonstrable:
thatpeoplethatreadexercisemore;peoplethatreadjoin,playsportsmore.Theybelongtocivicorganizationsmore.Theydovolunteeringcharityworknearly4timesthelevelofnon-readers.
Well,whenIsawthesedata,Isaid,well,wait.Wehavetobemeasuringsomethingelse.We’remeasuringincome,andwe’remeasuringeducation.IfyoutakethepoorestpeopleintheUnitedStateswhoread,theydovolunteeringcharityworkattwicethelevelofpeoplewhodon’tread.Sowhatdoesitsaytous?
Itsayssomethingweknow,eachofusknowsthis:
whenyouread,whenyou’reengagedinthearts,itawakenssomethinginsideofyou.Thatdoestwothings:
thefirstisthatitincreasesyoursenseofyourownpersonaldestiny.But,secondly,itmakesthelivesofotherpeoplemorerealtoyou.Itcreatesaheightenedsenseofyourselfasanindividual,butitalsobringsyou,maybe,especiallywhenyou’rereadingnovelsorimaginingtheliteratureinwhichyoufollowthestories,thelivesofthepeopleinthedailinessoftheirexistence,socially,economically.Maybeunderstanding,amanunderstandinghowawomanthinks,andamanunderstandinghowamanthinks,apersonunderstandinghowsomebodyfromadifferentcountry,fromadifferentracethinksandfeels.Thisimaginativeexercises,thismeditativeexercise,makesyouunderstandthatotherpeoplehaveaninnerlifeascomplicatedasyourown.Andso,ifyouhaveasociety,inwhichtensofmillionsofpeopleguidedbypleasurenoless,undertakethesetypesofcontemplationsandmeditations,youhaveasocietywhichbuilds…notonlyit’simaginativecapability,it’sintellectualcapability,butit’scompassion,andit’shumanity.
PartIIListenandRespond
SectionAWordBank
contendvt.claim;sayorstatestrongly〖正式〗声称,断言,主张
purchasen.fmltheactofbuying〖正式〗购买,采购
preluden.sth.thatisfollowedbysth.largerormoreimportant开端,序幕,前奏
indispensablea.tooimportantortoousefultobewithout必需的,必不可少的
fundamentala.basic基本的,根本的,基础的
SectionBTaskOne:
FocusingontheMainIdeas
▇Choosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestionsaccordingtotheinformationcontainedinthelisteningpassage.
1Whatdoesthespeakermeanbyefficientreadingorreadingefficiently?
A)Readingabookforpleasure.
B)Writingbetweenlineswhilereading.
C)Rememberingtheauthor’sthoughts.
D)Scanningabookforfacts.
2Whatistheadvantageofmarkingupabookaccordingtothespeaker?
A)Markingupabookhelpsreaderstakeinthebrilliantideasinthebook.
B)Markingupabookenablesreaderstoknowwhattheyread.
C)Markingupabookmakesreadersfeelliketheownerofthebook.
D)Markingupabookmakesreadersconsciousofthefactthattheyarereadingactively.
3Whatisthetruesenseofowningabook?
A)Markingitthroughactivereading.
B)Purchasingitwithone’sownmoney.
C)Writingone’snameonit.
D)Understandingeverywordin
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