名人素材库.docx

名人素材库.docx

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名人素材库

应用范围

领域

人名

5W&HOW

1.挑战权威

挑战权威

失败成功

科学

JohnNash

1）Americanmathematician,1994NobelEconomicslaureate,subjectofthebookandfilmtitledABeautifulMind

2）GameTheory博弈理论

3）Nashequilibrium纳什均衡

4）QuestioningthetheoriesinThewealthofNationswrittenbyAdamSmith

5）in1950,inPrincetonUniversityDoctorDegree

Before1950s,theeconomictheoryofAdamSmith（whowasrespectedasthefatherofmoderneconomics）wasprevalentlyacceptedintherealmofeconomicsandfinance.

InthebookofTheWealthofNations,AdamSmithclaimedthatindividualambitionservesthecommongood,whichmeansthatiftheindividualmemberofagroupjuststrivestoearntheirowninterests,thewholegroupwillbenefit.Itwouldbepresumptuoustochallengehistheoryatthattime.Yet,JohnNashfoundtheflawsofthistheory,hencehequestionedSmith’stheorywithoutanyhesitationbyinsistingthatsometimestheambitionsofindividualsareconflicting,whichwouldleadtonegativeresultstothewholegroup.

Throughinsistingthisbeliefandpersonalpersistentendeavor,Nashdevelopedasystematicaltheorycalled“Nashequilibrium”,whichfundamentallychangedtherealmofeconomics.Duetothebreakthroughofthismagnitude,NashwontheNobelPrizeofEconomicsin1994forhiseminentcontribution.

挑战权威

商人

公司

JackWelch

1）theformerCEOofGeneralElectric

2）1981--12billion2001--280billion

3）Marketcapital

4）Nooneshouldallowhimselftobethevictimofaninstitution

5）Bureaucracy--tendstobeformal

6）MadeGeneralElectric“informal”

7）Throughinsistingthisbeliefandpersonalpersistentendeavor,Nashdevelopedasystematicaltheorycalled“Nashequilibrium”,whichfundamentallychangedtherealmofeconomics.Duetothebreakthroughofthismagnitude,NashwontheNobelPrizeofEconomicsin1994forhiseminentcontribution.

8）adoptedMotorola'sSixSigmaqualityprograminlate1995

9）Elixir

10）Allowthecompanytomovequickly,tocommunicatefluently

11）Welch’snetworthisestimatedat$720million

12）1999:

wasnamed“ManageroftheCentury”byFortunemagazine

Bychallengingpeopleinauthority,Welchinjectedafresh,healthybloodtoGEandmadeitatopcompany.

Duringtheperiodof1970s,whenJackWelchfirstwentintoGeneralElectric,hefoundoutthatalthoughitwasaprominentcompanywithhighreputation,itactuallysufferedfromnumerousproblemsaboutmanagement.Mostnotably,thebureaucracy,whichwascharacterizedastheextremeformalityofeverythinginthecompany,resultinginthelowefficiencyofmanagementandcommunicationamongthedifferentdepartments.Intheyearof1981,whenhebecametheCEOofGeneralElectric,hewasafraidtomakechangesduringthefirstmonths.Nevertheless,believingthatnooneshouldallowhimselftobethevictimofaninstitution,

JackWelchfinallydecidedtochangethebureaucraticformofmanagement,tomakeGE“informal”.

Ulteriorly,heshutdownfactories,reducedpayrollsandcutlacklusterold-lineunit.Todestroythenine-layermanagementhierarchy,whichwastheembryoofbureaucracy,eachyear,hewouldfirethebottom10%ofhismanagers.Despitetheimmenseoppositionfromtheboardofthecompanyatthebeginning,Welchinsistedhisaction.Duetohispersistentendeavor,20yearslater,themarketcapitalofGEhadgrownfrom12billionin1981to280billionin2001.Likewise,Welch’snetworthwasestimatedat720milliondollarsinthatyearandwasalsonamedas“ManageroftheCentury”byFortunemagazine.

挑战权威

公司

HenryFord

ModelT（500-50）

AssemblyLine

Adopt

Greatlyincreasedproductivity

$825in1908--$360in1926

Challengingtheoldandprevalentmethodofmanufacturingautomobiles,

TS:

HenryFordcreatedamiracleinthehistory,amiraclewhichmadetheluxuryautomobilesnotexclusivetotherich.

Example:

Atthebeginningof20thcentury,duetothelimitsoftraditionalmanufacturingmethod,whichrequiredoneindividualtofinishthewholeprocess,theaveragehoursspentonproducingonesingleautomobilewere500,whichledtoasevereproblemthatthepriceofeachsinglecarwasexorbitantlyhigh.

挑战权威

失败与成功

价值观

名人效应

娱乐界

OprahWinfrey

脱口秀女王奥普拉

1）ahardship:

berapedatagenineandbecomingpregnantat14;hersondiedininfancy

2）September8,1986,anAmericantelevisionhostof"TheOprahWinfreyShow"Highschool:

landedajobinradio;19:

beganco-anchoringthelocaleveningnews;Emotionalad-libdelivery;Betransferredtothedaytimetalkshowarena

3）“TheOprahEffect”--in1996“Oprah’sBookClub”ThebookclubbecamesuchapowerfulforcethatwheneverWinfreyintroducedanewbookasherbook-clubselection,itinstantlybecameabest-seller;forexample,whensheselectedtheclassicJohnSteinbecknovelEastofEden,itsoaredtothetopofthebookcharts.

3）theworld'sfirstblackbillionaire --Forbes'internationalrichlistrankedWinfreyastheworld’sblackbillionaireworthover$2.7billioninSept,2010

4）thegreatestblackphilanthropistinAmericanhistory--In1998,WinfreycreatedtheOprah’sAngelNetwork，acharitythatsupportedcharitableprojectsandprovidedgrantstononprofitorganizationsaroundtheworld.Oprah'sAngelNetworkraisedmorethan$80,000,000

失败成功TS:

OprahWinfrey’sexperienceassuresthat,throughpersistentendeavor,anymisfortuneorhardshipinourlivesarereallytheindispensibleroutestosuccess.

挑战权威

失败后成功

娱乐界

CharlieChaplin卓别林

1）anEnglishcomicactor,filmdirectorandcomposerbest-knownforhisworkduringthesilentfilmera--mime;slapstick

Chaplinwasknightedin1975attheageof85asaKnightCommanderoftheBritishEmpire（KBE）byQueenElizabethII

2）1952--McCarthyera（麦卡锡主义）迫害

3）hardship--fatherdiedat37;mothermentaldisability

Hisparentswereentertainersinthemusichalltradition;hisfather,CharlesSpencerChaplinSr,wasavocalistandanactorwhilehismother,HannahChaplin,wasasingerandanactress.（父母对孩子的影响）

挑战权威

追求完美

合作

娱乐界

JamesCameron

《阿凡达》导演詹姆斯.卡梅隆

1）aCanadianfilmdirector,producerandinventor

2）achievement--Cameron'sTitanicandAvatararethetwohighest-grossingfilmsofalltimeat$1.8billionand$2.7billionrespectively.AvatarwasnominatedfornineAcademyAwards.

3）interest--CameronenrolledatFullertonCollegeat17,a2-yearcommunitycollege,in1973tostudyPhysics.HeswitchedtoEnglish,thendroppedoutbeforethestartofthefall1974semester.

AfterseeingtheoriginalStarWarsfilmin1977,Cameronquithisjobasatruckdrivertoenterthefilmindustry

4）Avatardelay--in1995,JamesCameronwrotean80pagescriptmentforAvatarandannouncedin1996thathewouldmakethefilmaftercompletingTitanic.

Buttheplanwasdelayedtoduetothetechnology.InDecember2006,Cameronexplainedthatthedelayinproducingthefilmsincethe1990shadbeentowaituntilthetechnologynecessarytocreatehisprojectwasadvancedenough.

5）Cooperation--Itiscomposedalmostentirelyofcomputer-generatedanimation,usingamoreadvancedversionofthe"performancecapture"techniqueusedbydirectorRobertZemeckisinThePolarExpress.

挑战权威

名人崇拜

文化+艺术

LadyGaga

1）anAmericanpopsinger-songwriter,5GrammyAwards

2）Atage17,GagagainedearlyadmissiontotheNewYorkUniversity'sTischSchooloftheArts,shesoonsignedwithInterscopeRecords

3）TheQueensong"RadioGaGa"inspiredherstagename,"LadyGaga".Shecommented:

"IadoredFreddieMercuryandQueenhadahitcalled'RadioGaga'.That'swhyIlovethename.Freddiewasunique—oneofthebiggestpersonalitiesinthewholeofpopmusic."

4）unconventionality"highlyentertainingandinnovative"

blood-spurtingperformanceof"Paparazzi"atthe2009MTVVideoMusicAwardswasdescribedas"eye-popping"byMTV.Shecontinuedthe"bloodsoaked"themeinTheMonsterBallTour,inwhichsheworearevealingleathercorsetandis"attacked"byaperformerdressedinblackwhognawsonherthroat,causing"blood"tospurtdownherchest,afterwhichshelies"dying"inapoolofblood.

5）2010MTVVideoMusicAwardswearingadresssupplementedbyboots,apurseandahat—eachfabricatedfromthefleshofadeadanimal.Thedress,namedTimemagazine'sFashionStatementof2010andmorewidelyknownasthe"meatdress",wasmadebyArgentiniandesignerFrancFernandezandreceiveddividedopinions—evokingtheattentionofworldwidemediabutinvokingthefuryofanimalrightsorganizationPETA.

挑战权威

文化+艺术

AlexandreGustaveEiffel 

埃菲尔铁塔

1）aFrenchstructuralengineerandanarchitect

2）EiffelTower:

Namedforitsdesigner,engineerGustaveEiffel,builtin1889,aglobaliconofFrance;stands324meterstall

Thetowerwasmuchcriticizedbythepublicwhenitwasbuilt,withmanycallingitaneyesore.NewspapersofthedaywerefilledwithangrylettersfromtheartscommunityofParis.Howeverthebeautifulstructureleadingtoanovelarchitecturaldesignagehasarousedpeople’sseriousattentionmorethananythingelse.Itsaesthetics,beyondtheoriginaldoubthasattractedtouriststoonumeroustomention,completelycreatinganewepochofstructuraltechnology.Moreoverthedesignhastriggeredin-depthstudyofwhattheessenceofbeautyis,followedbymodernaphorismslike:

“formfollowsfunction”.

文化+艺术

Louvrepyramid

Louvrepyramid:

TheconstructionofthepyramidtriggeredconsiderablecontroversybecausemanypeoplefeltthatthefuturisticedificelookedquiteoutofplaceinfrontoftheLouvreMuseumwithitsclassicalarchitecture.Certaindetractorsascribeda"Pharaoniccomplex"toMitterrand.Otherslaudedthejuxtapositionofcontrastingarchitecturalstylesasasuccessfulmergeroftheoldandthenew,