初中英语专项练习直接引语和间接引语.docx

初中英语专项练习直接引语和间接引语.docx

《初中英语专项练习直接引语和间接引语.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《初中英语专项练习直接引语和间接引语.docx（7页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

初中英语专项练习直接引语和间接引语

直接引语和间接引语

引述别人的话时，一般采用两种方式：

一是引用别人的原话，把它放在引号内，称为直接引语;二是用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。

间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句。

直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：

人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序等。

　　1.直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that引导。

例如：

　　Shesaid,“Iamveryhappytobewithyou.”→Shesaid（that）shewasveryhappytobewithme.

　　Hesaid,“Iwillchooseabookformystudents.”→Hesaid（that）hewouldchooseabookforhisstudents.

　　2.直接引语是一般疑问句时，变成间接引语，由连词whether或if引导。

例如：

　　Heaskedme,“DoyoulikewatchingTV?

”→Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedwatchingTV.

　　Heasked,“Areyousureyourmotherwillcome?

”→Heaskedmewhether/ifIwassuremymotherwouldcome.

　　注意：

大多数情况下，if和whether在引导宾语从句时可以互换，但后紧跟ornot时,一般只用whether。

例如：

　　Sheaskedmewhetherornothecoulddothework./Sheaskedmewhetherhecoulddotheworkornot.

　　3.直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的连接词who,whom,what,whose,how,when,why,where等引导。

例如：

　　Heasked:

“Whereareyoutogetoff,John?

”→HeaskedJohnwherehewastogetoff.

　　Mysisteraskedme,“Howdoyouliketheplay?

”→MysisteraskedmehowIlikedtheplay.

　　Tomaskedme,“Whoistheboyoverthere?

”→Tomaskedme,“Whowastheboyoverthere?

”

　　4.直接引语是祈使句，其间接引语由主语+动词ask（委婉语气），tell（一般语气），order（命令语气）或warn,advise等+复合宾语（名/代词+动词不定式）构成。

如：

　　Hesaid,“Pleasecomehereagaintomorrow.”→Heaskedmetogothereagainthenextday.

　　“Becarefulwiththedog.”→Hewarnedmetobecarefulwiththedog.

　　5.直接引语变间接引语时，如果引述动词为过去式，需注意时态的变化：

如：

　　1）Bettysaid,“Linglingissingingintheclassroomnow.”现在进行时→

　　BettysaidLinglingwassingingintheclassroomthen.-过去进行时

　　2）Hesaid,“IwillgotoLondonnextweek.”一般将来时→

　　HesaidhewouldgotoLondonnextweek.过去将来时

　　3）Mymothersaid,“Ihavealreadycleanedthehouse.”现在完成时→

　　Mymothersaidshehadalreadycleanedthehouse.过去完成时

　　注意:

　　1.直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，主句尽管是过去时态，变成间接引语时，时态仍然用一般现在时态。

例如：

　　Theytoldtheirson,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”→Theytoldtheirsonthattheearthgoesroundthesun.

　　2.直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词等要作相应的变化。

如：

this→that,these→those,now→then,today→thatday,yesterday→thedaybefore,lastyear→theyearbefore,ago→before,here→therecome→go等。

例如：

　　Hesaid,“Ihaven’tseenthemtoday.”→Hesaidthathehadn’tseenthemthatday.

　　但是，如果转述时对话人双方就在原来的地方，或在说话的当天，就不必改变相应的时间状语、地点状语等。

总之,对这些变化不能机械理解，应根据实际情况来决定所作的变化。

　　3.间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。

例如：

　　HeaskedLucy,“Wheredidyougo?

”→HeaskedLucywhereshew

直接引语和间接引语专项练习

　　1.单项填空

　　1.Hesaid,"Iamlivingwithmybrother."

　　Hesaidthat__waslivingwithhisbrother.

　　A.I　　　　　　B.you

　　C.he　　　　　D.they

　　2.Hesaid,"Youaresuretogetawarmwelcomethere."

　　Hesaidthatwe__suretogetawarmwelcomethere.

　　A.am　　　　　B.was

　　C.were　　　　D.are

　　3.Shesays,"Somethingiswrongwithmybike."

　　Shesaysthatsomethingiswrongwith__bike.

　　A.my　　　　　B.a

　　C.his　　　　D.her

　　4.Hesaid,"Iwillnotdosoagain."

　　Hesaidthathe__notdosoagain.

　　A.will　　　　B.must

　　C.would　　　　D.do

　　5.Theteachersaid,"Mysonhadthesameexperienceasthelittleboy."

　　Theteachersaidthathissonhad__thesameexperienceasthelittleboy.

　　A.been　　　　　B.have

　　C.had　　　　　　D.done

　　6.Shesaidtome,"Mymothertookmetoanexhibitionyesterday."

　　Shetoldmethathermotherhadtaken__toanexhibitionthedaybefore.

　　A.she　　　　　　B.me　C.her　　　　　　D.you

　　7.Yousaidtome,"Isawthefilmtwodaysago."

　　Youtoldmethatyouhadseenthefilm__

　　A.twodays　　　　　　B.twodaysbefore

　　C.twodaysago　　　　D.yesterday

　　8.Hesaidtohisyoungersister,"Youmaycomewithme."

　　Hetoldhisyoungersisterthat__withhim.

　　A.youmaycome　　　　　B.youmightcome

　　C.shemightcome　　　　D.shemightgo

　　9.Thestudentsaidtome,"Shehasmadeaclosestudyoftheproblem."

　　Thestudenttoldmethatshe__aclosestudyoftheproblem.

　　A.hasmake　　　　　　B.havemade

　　C.hadmake　　　　　　D.hadmade

　　10.Hesaid,"Ilivehere."

　　Hesaidthathelived____.

　　A.there　　　　　B.here

　　C.inthere　　　D.atthere

　　Ⅱ、将下列句子改为间接引语

1.“I'mgladtoreceiveyoure-mail,”saidhe.

　________________________________________________

2.Hesaidtome,“Areyougoinghomethisweekend?

”

　________________________________________________

3.“Howdoyoulikethefoodhere?

”saidshe.

　________________________________________________

4.Shesaidtome,“Don'trideinthestreet.”

　________________________________________________

5.“Standwhereyouare!

”thepolicesaidtotheyoungman.

　________________________________________________

II.请在下列空白处填上适当的词语，使句意不变。

1．Shesaid,“Areyoufromthesouth?

”

　Sheasked________I________fromthesouth.

2.Momsaidtome,“Don'ttellalie.”

　Mom________me________________tellalie.

3．Susansaidtome,“WevisitedtheRedStarFarmlastweek.”

　Susantoldmethat________________________theRedStar

　Farm________________________.

4．MrPaulsaidtous,“Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”

　MrPaul________usthatlight________fasterthansound.

5．“Goandposttheletters,”themanagersaidtohim.

　Themanager________him________________andposttheletters.

6.“Inevereatmeat.”hesaid.

Hesaidthat______never______meat.

7.“I’vefoundmywallet.”hesaidtome.

He______methathe__________________wallet.

8.“Itookithomewithme.”shesaid.

Shesaidthat___________________ithomewithher.

9.Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest.”

Theteachersaidthatthesun______intheeastand______downinthewest.

10.“Imetheryesterday.”hesaidtome.

He______methathe______mettheday______.

11.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive.”hesaid.

HesaidthatI______togo______beforefive.

12.“Iboughtthehouse10yearsago.”hesaid.

Hesaidthathe_______boughtthehouse10years_______.

13.“Didyouseeherlastweek?

”hesaid.

He____________Ihadseenhertheweek_______.

14.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”

He______Jimthathe______sitthere

15.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother?

”

Heaskedhermother__________________foundit.

16.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?

”heasked.

Heaskedme_____________________been_______days.

17.“Doyouknowwhereshelives?

”heasked.

Heasked____________knewwhereshe______.

18.“Stopmakingsomuchnoise,children.”hesaid.

He______thechildren____________makingsomuchnoise.

19.“Don’ttellhimthenews.”shesaid.

Shetoldme___________________himthenews.

20.“Areyouintestedinthis?

”hesaid.

He____________Iwasinterestdin______.

【参考答案】

Ⅱ1.Hesaidthathewasgladtoreceivemye-mail.2.HeaskedmeifIwasgoinghomethatweekend.3.SheaskedhowIlikedthefoodthere.4.Shetoldmenottorideinthestreet.5.Thepoliceorderedtheyoungmantostandwherehewas.

II.1.if/whether;was 2.told;notto

3.theyhadvisited;theweekbefore 4.told;travels

5.told;togo6.he,ate

7.told,had,found,his8.she,had,taken

9.rise,goes10.told,had,before

11.had,there12.had,before

13.asked,if[whether],before14.told,could

15.how,she,had16.where,I,had,those

17.if[whether],I,lived18.told,to,stop

19.not,to,tell20.asked,if[whether],that