轮机英语新教材练习题315题.docx
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轮机英语新教材练习题315题.docx
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轮机英语新教材练习题315题
轮机英语新教材练习题
1.Whenashipinloadedconditionfloatsatarbitrarywaterline,itsdisplacementis_____totherelevantmassofwaterdisplacedbytheship.
AequalBlargerCsmallerDequivalent
2.Thedisplacementofashipis_____tothetotalweight,alltold,oftherelevantloadedship.
AlargerBequalCsmallerDequivalent
3.Whichoneisnottrue?
ATwomainareasofskillareinvolvedintheconstructionofship.
BTherearedistinctdivisionsinresponsibilitiesbetweennavalarchitectsandmarineengineers.
CEachshipwillassumevaryingproportionsaccordingtoitstype.
DShipcanbedividedintodifferentcategoriesfromdifferentperspectives.
4.Whyagearboxisneededinashipdrivenbyamedium-speeddieselengine?
AToreducethemainenginespeed.
BToincreasethemainenginespeed.
CTogovernthemainenginespeed.
DTofixthepropellershaft.
5.Apropeller,inordertooperateeffciently,mustrotateatarelatively_____speed.
AhighBlowCfastDlowly
6.Inadieselengine,_______offerstheheatenergydirectly;______worksasworkingmediumandchangestheheatenergytomechanicalenergy.
Atheburningofthefuel/mediumshaft
Bfuelspray/freshair
Cfuel/fuelspray
Dtheburningofthefuel/theburnedgasmixture
7.Inadieselengine,______worksasworkingmediumandchangestheheatenergytomechanicalenergy,_______changesthereciprocatingmovementtorotarymoment.
Afuelspray/theburningofthefuel
Btheburnedgasmixture/connectingrod
Cmediumshaft/crankshaft
Dtheburnedgasmixture/pistonrod
8.Oneofthedifferencesbetweenatwo-strokeengineandafour-strokeengineis,________
Aatwo-strokeengineworkswithoutexhaustoperation
Batwo-strokeengineworkswithoutcompressionstroke
Catwo-strokeengineworkswithoutexpansionstroke
Datwo-strokeengineworkswithoutsuctionoperation
9.Oneofthedifferencesbetweenatwo-strokeengineandafour-strokeengineis,________
Aatwo-strokeenginecan’tworkwithoutcylinders
Batwo-strokeenginecan’tworkwithoutpistons
Catwo-strokeenginecan’tworkwithoutcrankshafts
Datwo-strokeenginecan’tworkwithoutablower
10.Inadieselengine,whenthefuelisinjectedintothecylinder______
Athepistonisjustcomingupwardfromthebottomdeadcenter.
Bthepistonhasmovedaboutone-fifthofthewayup.
CthepistonhasmovedmostofthewayupandalmostreachedtheTDC
DthepistonhasjustpasttheTDC
11.________isthemainreasonthatreducesthepoweradvantageofatwo---strokeengineoverasamesizefour---stroketoabout_____.
AInefficientscavenging/twice
BInefficientscavenging/1.8times
CFewerstrokesinacircle/twice
DFewerstrokesinacircle/1.8times
12.Iftheengineisnaturallyaspirated,orisasmallhigh—speedtypewithacentrifugalturbocharger,theperiodofvalveoverlap,i.e.whenbothvalvesare____,willbe_____,andtheexhaustvalvewillclosesome10°_______topdeadcanter.
Aopen/short/afterBclosed/short/after
Copen/long/beforeDclosed/long/before
13.Inatwo-strokeengine,therearealwaysaseriesofopeningsknownas______,andinsomecircumstances,therearealsoopeningsknownas_______,inthepartofthecylinderlinerinsidethescavengingairbox.
Ascavengingairports/exharstportsBinletports/scavengingairports
Cscavengingairports/inletportsDexhaustports/inletports
14.Insometypeoftwo—strokeengines,besidessomesmallholesfor____,startingvalve,safetyvalve,indicatorcock,andsoon,thereisalargecentralopeningineachcylindercoverformountingthe______
Afuelvalves/exhaustvalveBexhaustvalves/inletvalve
Cfuelvalves/inletvalveDexhaustvalves/fuelvalve
15.Inatwo—stroke,thepistonconsistsofalowerpart,whichisnamedas____andusuallymadeof____,andaupperpart,whichisreferredtoas____andmadeof____
Alow—half/castiron/top—half/heat—resistantsteel
Blow—half/aluminum/top—half/stainlesssteel
Cpistonskirt/castiron/pistoncrown/heat—resistantsteel
Dpiistonskirt/aluminum/pistoncrown/stainlesssteel
16.Inordertokeeptheoilfilmonthecylinderlinerduringtherunning-inperiod,thepistonringareslightlyrounded_____
Aonboththeexternalandinternaltopedges
Bonboththeexternaltopandbottomedges
Conboththeexternalandinternalbottomedges
Donallthefouredges
17.Inordertocontrolthermalstresses,sometypesofmodernenginesusepistonswith_____
Aheavywallandintensivecooling
Bheavywallandnocooling
Cthinwallandnocooling
Dthinwallandintensivecooling
18.Inordertoimprovetheworkingconditionsofthecrossheadbearings,thebearingpressureismade_____andtheperipheralspeedismade______inlaterdesigns.
Asmaller/higherBhigher/smaller
Csmaller/smallerDhigher/higher
19.Whentheheavyfueloilisheatedtoachievetheviscosityof10—15cSt,_____mayoccur,Toavoidthis,a_______systemisusedinmostoccasions.
Aboilingandcavitations/lowtemperature
Bboilingandcavitations/pressurized
Cleakingandboiling/lowtemperature
Dleakingandboiling/pressurized
20.Thefuelfromthebunkertanksmustbetreatedby_____beforeenteringtheservicetanks.fromwherethefuelenters_____
Acentrifugalseparators/theenginecylinder
Boilywaterseparators/theenginecylinder
Coilywaterseparators/thefuelsupplysystem
Dcentrifuges/thefuelsupplysystem
21.Afull-flow50ūmfilterisinstalled______,sotheinjectionsystemcomponentsonthemainenginearesafeguarded.
Aasclosetothemainengineaspossible
Basclosetothemainpumpaspossible
Cjustbeforethefuelvalve
Djustbeforetheboosterpump
22.Theboosterpump,whichsuppliesdieseloilto_____,shouldhaveapossibilityofbeingpoweredbycompressedairorbyemergencypower.
AthemainenginesBtheauxiliaryengines
CtheemergencygeneratorengineDtheauxiliaryenginesandthemainengine(s)
23.______isharmfulforfuelpumps,fuelvalves,cylinderliner,exhaustvalveseats,andtheturbochargerbladesaswell.
ABadcombustionofthefuelBBadatomizationofthefuel
CLiquidcontaminantsDSolidcontaminants
24.Asanalternativetotheconventionalseawatercoolingsystem,_____isbasedon______principlesaboutcoolerlocations,flowcontrolandpreheating,butwithacentralcoolerandoneadditionalsteofpumps.
Athecentralcoolingsystem/different
Bthecentralcoolingsystem/thesame
Ctheopencoolingsystem/different
Dtheopencoolingsystem/thesame
25.Analarmdeviceinsertedbetweenthedeaeratingtankandtheexpansiontanknotifytheon—watchingcrewthat______
Atheexpansiontankislackofwater
Btheexpansiontankisoverflowing
Cthereissomethingwrongwiththecoolingsystem
Dthereissomethingwrongwiththeengine
26.The______coolingsystemneedsleastmaintenanceworkfor_______inthiskindofsystem.
Aopen/theminimumcomponents
Bopen/thehighcoolingefficiency
Ccentral/therearemorecoolersandaextrasetofpumps
Dcentral/thereisonlyonecomponentcontactsseawater
27.Aboutthejacketwater,thatoftheauxiliaryenginesusuallyiscirculatedby_____pumps,andthemainengineusually______
Aanengine—driven/aswell
Banengine—driven/hasanindependentpump
Canindependent/aswell
Danindependent/hasanengine—drivenpump
28.Inordertomaintainaconstantoutletwatertemperatureof80-85°Cfromtheengine,athree-wayvalveisinstalled______
Aatthejacketcooleroutlettocontrolthefluxthroughtheengine
Batthejacketcooleroutlettocontrolthefluxthroughthecooler
Cattheengineoutlettocontrolthefluxthroughtheengine
Dattheengineinlettocontrolthefluxthroughtheengine
29.Inmoderninstallations,themainengineandthestandbyauxiliaryengines_____
Acanbestartedatlowtemperatureandarefreefrompreheating
Busuallyarepreheatedbysteambeforebeingstarted
Carekeptataconstanttemperatureandfreefrompreheating
Darekeptatalowtemperaturetosaveenergy
30.Amarinedieselengineisstartedby______
Asupplyinghighpressureoilintoahydraulicmotor
Bsupplyinghightemperatureairintothecylinder
Csupplyinghighpressureairintothecylinder
Delectricaligniting
31.Thestartingairsystemofanengineonboardusuallyhasinterlocksinorderto______
Aensureasuccessfulshuttingdownatemergencyconditions
Bensureasuccessfulstartingatemergencyconditions
Cpreventtheenginefromstartingatsomeabnormalconditions
Dpreventtheenginefromstartingatemergencyconditions
32.Inthestartingsystem,theautomaticvalveiscontrolledby______,andthecylinderstartvalvesarecontrolledby_______
Apilotair/pilotair
Bhandle/solenoid
Chandle/pilotaircomingthroughthedistributor
Dsolenoid/pilotaircomingthroughthedistributor
33.Thestartingairenteringthecylinderbeginswhenthepiston_________
AhasnearlycometotheTDCBhasjustpasttheTDC
ChasnearlycometotheBDCDhasjustpasttheBDC
34.Whenstartinganengine,thecompressedairentersthecylinderwhenthecorrespondingpistonisinpositionofits________
AsuctionstrokeBcompressionstroke
CpowerstrokeDexhauststroke
35.Whenanengineisstartingandhasgotasufficientlyhighspeed,sayabout20rpm,______
Athestartingairsupplyiscutoffandfuelisinjectedintothecylinders
Bthefuelfeedingiscutoffandtheturninggearisputin
Cthestartingairsupplyiscutoffandtheturninggearistakenout
Dtheelectricblowerisshutdownandfuelisinjectedintothecylinders
36.Theairdistributorisconventionallydrivenby______anddistributes______intoeachcylinderbycertainsequence.
Acamshaft/freshair
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