外研版高中英语 高考押题 题组提分练四十七选修8Module 5.docx
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外研版高中英语 高考押题 题组提分练四十七选修8Module 5.docx
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外研版高中英语高考押题题组提分练四十七选修8Module5
题组提分练四十七 选修8 Module5
限时35分钟 见学生用书P439
训练说明文和议论文
阅读理解A (2018·皖南八校联考) 体裁:
说明文 话题:
社会生活 难度:
★★★☆☆
Chinaisembracinganeraofsharingeconomy.Aftersharingbikes,sharingbooksarethenexttrend.
inHefei,capitalofAnhuiprovince,hasbeenrunningforseveralmonthssinceitslaunchonJuly16,2017.Customersareencouragedtoborrowuptotwobooks,fromallbooksavailableinthisstore,forfreeviaanapp,pay99yuanonlineasthedepositandreturnthebookswithin10days.
Asurveyof601appusersconductedbythecompanyinlateJulyfoundthatmorethan90percentofthereaderssaidtheymaywanttokeepsomeoftheborrowedbookspermanently,buttheydon'twanttovisitthestoreagaintocompletethepurchase.WhenanotherninestoresjoinedthebooksharingprogrammeinAugust,theabilitytopurchasetheborrowedbookswasmadeavailableontheapp.
ZhaoShiping,amanageroftheSanxiaokoustore,saidthatthedailycustomerflowinthefirstweekofthebooksharingprogrammewasabout7,000whilethefigureforthesameperiodlastyearwas5,000to6,000.So,booksharingwill
and
,which
,
andincreaseitsvalueasapartnerforcompaniesoutsidethebooksalessector.(共享图书项目的益处)
Thisbooksharingproject,acooperationbetweenEverbrightBankandanappcalledYoushugongdu,whichtranslatesas“let'sreadbookstogether”,willbeexpandedtootheroutletstoturneachoutletintoasmallcommunitylibrarywith1,000to2,000books.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了合肥的共享书籍项目。
词汇微存 ①cooperationn.合作;②permanentlyadv.永久地
1.What'sthetextmainlyabout?
A.Banksbegintosellbooks.
B.Peopletendtosharebooksonline.
C.Abooksharingprogrammehasbeenrunning.
D.Bookstoresandbanksjoinbooksharingeconomy.
答案与解析 D 主旨大意题。
文章主要介绍合肥发起的共享书籍项目,同时书店和银行也加入该共享书籍项目中,故D项正确。
2.WhichgroupisbenefitsofbooksharingaccordingtoParagraph3?
①Increasingthecustomerflow.
②Bringingconveniencetothebookstores.
③Reducingthebarriersforbookpurchasing.
④Increasingthebrandvalueofthebookstores.
A.①②③B.①②④
C.①③④D.②③④
答案与解析 C 推理判断题。
根据第三段最后一句可知共享书籍活动的好处是:
减少买书负担、增加客流量、增加书店经营价值、增加品牌观念等,故C项正确。
3.HowmuchshouldyoupayforborrowingabookfromtheChinaEverbrightBankfortwoweeks?
A.¥0.1.B.¥0.7.
C.¥1.4.D.¥7.
答案与解析 B 数据计算题。
根据第四段中的“Theserviceisfreeforsevendaysand0.1yuanischargedafterthat”可知借书两周要付租费0.7元,故B项正确。
4.Wheredoesthetextmostprobablycomefrom?
A.Anewspaper.
B.Asciencefiction.
C.Atechnologyguide.
D.Ateachingresearchpaper.
答案与解析 A 文章出处题。
文章介绍的是共享书籍活动,应出自新闻报纸。
阅读理解B (2018·惠州调研) 体裁:
说明文 话题:
科普知识与现代技术 难度:
★★★☆☆
Areyoucontentwiththeshapeofyournose?
Ifnot,theclimatemaybetoblame,notyourparents.(说明文章主旨:
气候影响鼻子形状)
ThisisaccordingtoarecentstudycarriedoutbyscientistsfromPennsylvaniaStateUniversity,US.Theyfoundthatclimateplayedakeyroleinshapingournoses.Thefindingswerebasedonanexaminationofthesizeandshapeofnosesof476peoplefromfourregions-WestAfrica,EastAsia,SouthAsiaandNorthernEurope,using3Dfacialimagingtechnology.(提出研究发现)
“Peoplehavethoughtforalongtimethedifferenceinnoseshapeamonghumansacrosstheworldmayhavearisenasaresultofnaturalselectionbecauseofclimate,”ArslanZaidi,oneoftheleadauthorsofthestudy,toldTheGuardian.Butwhilepreviousstudieswerebasedonmeasurementsfromhumanskulls,Zaidiandhisteamlookedatnoseshapeitself.(该研究组的研究重点)
Theresultshowedthatwidernosesaremorecommoninwarmandhumidclimate,whilenarrowernosesaremorecommonincoldanddryclimate.That,Zaidisaid,couldbebecausenarrowernasalpassageshelptoincreasethemoisture(潮湿)contentofairandwarmit,whichiseasieronourlungs.This,inturn,ledtoagradualdecreaseinnosewidthinpopulationslivingfarawayfromtheequator.(研究结果:
鼻子的形状取决于气候)
Morestudiesarestillneededtotestthelinkbetweenclimateandnoseshape,butZaidibelievesthecurrentfindingsarevaluableinunderstandingpotentialhealthissues.“Aswebecomemoreofaglobalcommunity,wearegoingtocomeacrossclimatethatwedonotadaptto,”hetoldTheGuardian.Thismeansmovingtoaverydifferentclimatemightincreasetheriskofbreathingproblems.(研究有待证实)
However,headded,“Thismaynotbenecessarilytrueforvariousreasonssuchasofmodernmedicineandthefactthatourcurrentclimateisverydifferentfromwhatitusedtobe.”(研究者的补充说明)
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。
研究表明人的鼻子的形状不是由父母决定的,而是由气候塑造的。
词汇微存 becontentwith满足
5.FromthepassageweknowmostpeoplefromSingaporehave______noses.
A.widerB.narrower
C.smallerD.larger
答案与解析 A'细节理解题。
根据第四段第一句“Theresultshowedthatwidernosesaremorecommoninwarmandhumidclimate,whilenarrowernosesaremorecommonincoldanddryclimate.”可知居住在温暖潮湿环境中的人的鼻子普遍更宽,而居住在寒冷干燥环境中的人的鼻子普遍更窄,又因新加坡在温暖湿润地区,故大部分新加坡人有着较宽的鼻子,故A项正确。
6.Narrowernosesarehelpfulto________.
A.cooltheairB.warmtheair
C.takeinmoreoxygenD.drytheair
答案与解析 B'细节理解题。
根据第四段第二句“That,Zaidisaid,couldbebecausenarrowernasalpassageshelptoincreasethemoisture(潮湿)contentofairandwarmit,whichiseasieronourlungs”可知狭窄的鼻孔能温暖进入鼻孔的空气。
7.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthestudy?
A.Zaidi'steammeasuredhumanskullsusing3Dtechnology.
B.Theshapeofournosesisdeterminedbyourparents.
C.Noseshapehelpspeopleadapttotheenvironment.
D.It'scertainthatpeoplewillsufferfrommorebreathingproblems.
答案与解析 C'推理判断题。
根据文章第四段最后两句“That,Zaidisaid,couldbebecausenarrowernasalpassages...toagradualdecreaseinnosewidthinpopulationslivingfarawayfromtheequator.”可知鼻子的形状会慢慢改变来适应气候,故C项正确。
8.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?
A.WhatFactorsShapeNoses
B.HowtoMakeYourNoseAttractive
C.NoseShapeCausesBreathingProblems
D.ClimateShapesNoses
答案与解析 D'主旨大意题。
根据全文,特别是从第一、二段的研究结果“theclimatemaybetoblame,notyourparents”“Theyfoundthatclimateplayedakeyroleinshapingournoses”可知D项最恰当,即气候塑造鼻子的形状。
难句微析 原文:
Theresultshowedthatwidernosesaremorecommoninwarmandhumidclimate,whilenarrowernosesaremorecommonincoldanddryclimate.
译文:
结果表明(居住)在温暖潮湿气候环境中的(人)鼻子普遍更宽,然而(居住)在寒冷干燥环境中的(人)鼻子普遍更窄。
分析:
本句包含that引导的宾语从句;while连接两个并列句子,前后表示转折,意为“然而”。
阅读理解C (2018·赣州联考) 体裁:
议论文 话题:
日常生活 难度:
★★★★☆
Somepeoplearesorude!
Whosendsanemailoratextmessagethatjustsays“Thankyou”?
Wholeavesavoicemailmessageratherthantextsyou?
WhoasksforafacteasilyfoundonGoogle?
Don'tthesepeoplerealisethatthey'rewastingyourtime?
MaybeI'mtherudeonefornotappreciatinglife'slittlepoliteness.Butmanysocialagreedstandardsjustdon'tmakesensetopeopledrowningindigitalcommunication.
Intexts,youdon'thavetodeclarewhoyouareorevensayhello.Email,too,isslowerthanatext.
mailisanowimpolitewayoftryingtoconnect.
Myfatherlearnedthislessonafterleavingmeadozenvoicemailmessages,noneofwhichIlistenedto.Exasperated,hecalledmysistertoexpresshis
thatIneverreturnedhisphonecalls.“
?
”mysisterasked.“Justtexthim.”
Intheageofthesmartphone,thereisnoreasontoaskonceacceptablequestionsabout:
theweatherforecast,abusiness'sphonenumber,ordirectionstoahouse,arestaurant,whichcanbeeasilyfoundonGoogleMaps.Butpeoplestillaskthesethings.Andwhenyouanswer,theyrespondwithathankyouemail.
Howtohandlethesedifferingstandards?
Easy.Consideryouraudience.Somepeople,especiallyolderones,appreciateathankyoumessage.Others,likeme,wantnoreply.
Theanthropologist(人类学家)MargaretMeadoncesaidthatintraditionalsocieties,theyounglearnfromtheold.Butinmodernsocieties,theoldcanalsolearnfromtheyoung.Here'shopingthatpolitenessnevergoesoutoffashionbutthattimewastingformsofcommunicationdo.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文,主要讨论了如今在智能手机时代,人们应该选择何种方式进行沟通。
词汇微存 ①standardn.标准;②makesense有意义
9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Exasperated”meaninthefifthparagraph?
A.Worried.B.Surprised.
C.Annoyed.D.Tired.
答案与解析 C'词义猜测题。
根据第五段第二句中的“hecalledmysistertoexpresshisdissatisfactionthatIneverreturnedhisphonecalls”可知,作者的父亲对作者不给自己回电话很不满,由此可推知exasperated意思是“恼怒的;生气的”,故C项正确。
10.Whydidn'tthewriterreplytohisfather?
A.Helikedtextmessagesbetter.
B.Heenjoyedcheckinghisvoicemail.
C.Hedidn'treceiveanyvoicemailmessages.
D.Hedidn'twanttotalkwithhisfather.
答案与解析 A'推理判断题。
根据第五段中的“‘Whyareyouleavinghimvoicemail?
’mysisterasked.‘Justtexthim.’”可推知,作者不喜欢用语音信箱,更偏爱发短信,故A项正确。
11.Whichofthefollowingdoesthewriteragreeto?
A.Peopleneedn'tlearnfromoneanotherintraditionalsocieties.
B.Dealingwithvoicemailshouldvarywitheachindividual.
C.Peopleneedn'tturntoGoogleforhelpwhenintrouble.
D.Declaringwhoyouareorsayinghellointextsisnecessary.
答案与解析 B'推理判断题。
根据第七段的内容可推知,标准是变化的,处理方式应该因人而异,而不是一刀切,语音信箱的使用亦是如此,故B项正确。
错解分析 A项错在传统社会中的人们不需要向他人学习,这与最后一段第一句“Theanthropologist(人类学家)MargaretMeadoncesaidthatintraditionalsocieties,theyounglearnfromtheold.”相悖;C项错在人们有麻烦不需要借助Google,这与第六段的内容不符;D项在短信里表明你是谁或问好是有必要的,这与第四段第一句“Intexts,youdon'thavetodeclarewhoyouareorevensayhello”相悖,故排除。
难句微析 原文:
Here'shopingthatpolitenessnevergoesoutoffashionbutthattimewastingformsofcommunicationdo.
译文:
希望礼貌永远不会过时,但是浪费时间的沟通方式会过时。
分析:
本句是一个复合句。
两个that引导宾语从句,在从句中不作句子成分。
阅读技巧22 议论文解题技巧
每一篇议论文都有一个论点,这个论点就是文章的主题思想,而且在体现文章论点的重要段落也都有自己的主题思想。
学生在破解议论文文体中的主旨类试题时,一定要弄清楚作者的态度、观点和主张,这些体现论点的信息通常会出现在文首和文尾,有时学生需要运用归纳的方法得出文章的论点。
阅读七选五 (2018·吉林统考) 体裁:
说明文 话题:
日常生活 难度:
★★☆☆☆
Followthesestepsandyou'llbegettingtobedearlierbeforeyouknowit.
1
Ifyou'recurrentlygoingtobedat11p.m.,don'tdecidethattonightyou'regoingtogettobedat9p.m.Butmoregenerally,it'salsoimportanttogiveyourbodyti
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