模块三unit3基础梳理.docx
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模块三unit3基础梳理.docx
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模块三unit3基础梳理
基础梳理·授之以渔
Ⅰ.词汇与派生
A联想记忆法
1.decoratevt.装饰,装潢→decorate......用……装饰……
2.researchern.研究者,调查者→doresearch...研究……
3.powerfuladj.强有力的→one’spower超出某人的权力
4.fortunateadj.幸运的→one’sfortune发财
5.awareadj.意识到的;知道的,察觉到的→beaware意识到
6.basisn.基础;基准;原因→bebased以……为基础
7.judgen.法官,审判员;裁判员→judging根据……判断
8.trialn.审讯,审理;试验;考验→trial在审判
9.aheadadv.(时间、空间)在前面;提前,预先;领先→ahead time提前
10.declarevt.宣布,宣称→declare表态反对
B构词记忆法
1.civilizationn.文明→adj.文明的;开化的
2.wealthyadj.富有的,富裕的→n.财富
3.graduallyadv.渐渐地,逐渐地→adj.逐渐的
4.culturaladj.文化的→n.文化
5.remainsn.遗物,遗迹,遗骸→v.仍然;留下
6.expressionn.表达;表情,神色→v.表达;表示
7.educatevt.教育→n.教育
8.poisonn.毒药,毒物;vt.毒害,下毒→adj.有毒的
C语境助记法
ThesailorTommadeafortunebydealinginwoodandleather.Fiveyearsago,hecomplainedabouthislowsalaryandresignedhisjob.Aftermanytrialsandresearches,hegraduallyfoundthewaytomakemoney.Recentlyhedeclaredhewoulddonatethemajorityofhiswealthtothesociety.Heistheglorytohisfamily.
学情自测
用括号中所给词的适当形式填空
1.Hegavean(express)shudder(战栗)whenaskedtoholdthesnake.
2.Whatshallwedoforthe(remain)halfhour?
3.Youhavetoaccepthis(judge)onthematter.
4.(fortune),hewasabletoplay.
5.Recenteventsarea(power)argumentforguncontrol.
6.Thecountryenjoysarichanddiverse(culture)life.
7.Interpretersshouldbehighly(educate)aswellasfluent.
8.DadwasputtinguptheChristmas(decorate).
9.Wereyou(aware)thatsomethingwaswrong?
10.Theyhavediscoveredhuman(remain).
Ⅱ.短语与拓展
1.take夺取;接管take呈现
2.inof纪念inof支持
3.doubt无疑,确实 doubt毫无疑问
4.comedown 患(病)come 实现
5.take... anexample以……为例take... example以……为例
6.be value有价值的begoodvalue钱花得值
学情自测
选词填空
nodoubt,comedownwith,takeover,inmemoryof,(be)ofvalue
1.IthinkI’mflu.
2.ThieveshavetakenaradioandaWalkman,butnothing great.
3.CanyouthecookingwhileIwalkthedog?
4.HewroteapoemthosewhodiedinSichuanEarthquake.
5. he’lltellmeeverythingwhenhe’sready.
Ⅳ.教材与高考
(教材原句)Manypeoplewereburiedalive,andsowasthecity.
(2008·辽宁,35)Billwasn’thappyaboutthedelayofthereportbyJason,and.
A.IwasneitherB.neitherwasIC.IwaseitherD.eitherwasI
变式训练 —Iwouldnevercometothisrestaurantagain.Thefoodisterrible!
—.
A.NoramIB.NeitherwouldIC.SamewithmeD.SodoI
Ⅴ.单元语法自测——主谓一致
选词填空
1.Everynewproduct(has/have)tobeadvertised.
2.Hugeamountsofcocaine(was/were)foundinthecontainers.
3.Oneofmysisters(lives/live)inAustralia.
4.There(was/were)anexplosionatthefactory.
5.Thenumberofviolentcrimes(has/have)goneupdramatically.
高频考点·深度探究
重点单词
1.destroyv.todamagesth.sobadlythatitnolongerexists,works,etc.摧毁;毁灭
destroyone’shealth有害健康
cause/dodamageto对……造成破坏
destroyone’scareer/hopes毁灭某人的事业/毁掉希望
(1)Nowtherearesomanywolvesthattheyaredestroyingtheirownfoodsupply.
(2)Allhopesofapeacefulsettlementhisspeech.
和平解决的希望都被他的讲话给毁了。
(3)Failurewasslowlydestroyinghim.
易混辨析 destroy,damage,ruin,harm
一试身手
名师指津
(1)Thebridgewas bytheflood.
(2)Thestrongsandstorm mostoftheyoungtrees.
(3)Fruitjuicemaydo tochildren’steeth.
(4)Thebadweather ourtrip.
(1)destroy表示毁灭性的破坏,多指无法修复。
(2)damage指不同程度的损害、毁坏;作名词时,表示“损害”。
(3)ruin毁坏,损坏,指经过长时间的侵蚀而毁坏。
(4)harm损害,多指对肉体、精神方面的伤害。
2.ruinv.todamagesth.sobadlythatitlosesallitsvalue,pleasure,etc.毁坏;破坏;n.thestateorprocessofbeingdestroyedorseverelydamaged毁坏;破产;废墟
inruins毁坏了的;成为废墟的fall/comeintoruin逐渐破碎
bring...toruin使……失败;使……毁坏
(1)Therelaymyhouse,reducedtowaisthighruins,smellyanddirty.
(2)Heavysmoking.过度吸烟损害了他的健康。
(3)TheruinsofancientRomeweredugout.
3.complainv.tosaythatyouareannoyed,unhappyornotsatisfiedaboutsb./sth.抱怨;发牢骚
complaintosb.about/of...就……向某人抱怨
complainof诉说(病情或痛苦)
makeacomplaintabout...就……提出投诉
complaintn.抱怨,埋怨;投诉
(1)Interestingly,80percentofpeoplewhofeeltheircomplaintsarehandledfairlywillstayloyal.
(2)I’mgoingtocomplainthemanagerthis.我要就这件事向经理投诉。
(3)Wereceivedanumberofcomplaintsfromcustomersaboutthelackofparkingfacilities.
4.declarev.tosaysth.officiallyorpublicly公布;宣布;宣告
declare...tobe...宣布……为……declarewaron...向……宣战
declarefor/against表示赞成/反对
(1)MyauntevengoessofarastodeclarethataChinese“equivalent”cannevergiveyoutheexactmeaningofawordinEnglish!
(2)Hisactionshimanhonestman.他的行为表明他是个诚实的人。
(3)Hedeclaredthathewasinnocent.
5.aheadadv.furtherforwardinspaceortime;infront向前面;在前面;earlier提前;预先;提早;winning;furtheradvanced占优势;领先
aheadof在……前面;比……早;超过;领先aheadoftime提前
前进;着手;进行;(让路等)您先请;(电话等)您先说;(对别人请求的许可)行,去做吧,开始吧,……吧
(1)—Iprobablyshouldn’thaveanymorecake.
—Oh,goahead.Itwon’tkillyou.
(2)Heisalwayswellaheadoftherestoftheclass.
(3)Aheadofusliesariver.
6.awareadj.knowingorrealizingsth.意识到的;知道的
be/becomeawareof知道;明白;意识到
bemadeawareofsth.使知道某事,使清楚某事
asfarasI’maware就我所知
(1)Olderwomenaremuchmoreawareofcelebrities.(2010·湖北,阅读C)
(2)Idon’tthinkpeoplejusthowmuchitcosts.
我认为人们并不真正明白这要花多少钱。
(3)Hewaswellawareoftheproblem.
7.judgen.apersoninacourtwhohastheauthoritytodecidehowcriminalsshouldbepunishedortomakelegaldecisions法官;v.toformanopinionaboutsb./sth.basedontheinformationyouhave判断;断定;评判
judgesb./sth.(tobe)...判断某人(事)……
judgingfrom/by...根据……判断
asfarasIcanjudge据我判断,我认为
inone’sjudgment依某人看来
(1)HewasjudgedunfittoreturntoseaandtookashorejobinGlasgowfortherestofthewar.(2011·湖南,阅读B)
(2)thelookonhisface,thenewsmusthavebeenterrible.
从他脸上的表情判断,这条消息肯定很糟糕。
(3)Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.
对点自测
Ⅰ.语境填词
destroy,ruin,complain,declare,ahead,aware,judge1.WheneverIhaveanappointment,Iliketoarrivealittle oftime.
2.Everyonepresentatthemeetingshouldbemade oftherisksinvolved.
3.I’dliketomakeaaboutthenoise.
4.Whentheyaskedhimforhisopinion,he stronglyagainstthepolicy.
5.Theyhavealltheevidence.
6.YearsoffightinghasleftIraq.
7.Inmy,allofthemaretoblame.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1.Sheleftearly,ofaheadache.
A.complainedB.complainingC.tocomplainD.havingcomplained
2.thenumberofcars,hethought,therewerenotmanypeopleattheclub.
A.HejudgedbyB.JudgedfromC.Judgeby D.Judgingfrom
3.Themomentthe29thOlympicGamesopen,thewholeworldcheered.
A.DeclaredB.havebeendeclaredC.havedeclaredD.weredeclared
4.Theyounghusbandlefther,herlifeandallherhopes.
A.destroyedB.todestroyC.destroying D.todamage
5.Hisbrokenlegmeanstheofallhishopesofbecomingafamousathlete.
A.missB.RuinC.loss D.death
6.Sheslippedawaywithouthisbeingofit.
A.possibleB.AwareC.casual D.visual
7.Planyourshoppingtime.Avoidlastminuterushestothegrocerystorewhenyouarehungry.
A.infrontofB.outofC.aheadof D.apartfrom
短语与句式
1.takeover接管;接任taketo喜欢上;适应;养成……的习惯takein吸收;接纳;欺骗
take呈现;雇用takeoff(飞机)起飞;突然开始成功;开始走红;脱(衣服等);休假
(1)Theyarealldifferent,butonceyoutakeofftheoutside,they’reprettymuchthesameontheinside.
(2)Hehasgoingtothegymafterwork.他养成了下班后去健身的习惯。
(3)Weweretakeninbyhisinnocent,boyishlooks.
2.inmemoryof纪念;追念haveagood/poormemoryfor...对……记忆力好/差
infavorof支持,赞同;对某人有利infaceof面临;面对
inof为纪念……;祝贺……;为了向……表示敬意incaseof万一,以免
(1)Whenaskedabouttheiropinionsabouttheschoolmaster,manyteacherswouldprefertoseehimstepasideinfavorofyoungermen.
(2)HewroteapoemthosewhodiedfortheliberationofChina.
他写了一首诗以纪念在四川地震中死去的人们。
(3)Shedates.
她对日期有很好的记忆力。
思考题:
其他“介词+名词+of”的短语:
3.riseupagainst起义,反抗 vi.上升,升起;站起,增加;上涨;n.上升,加薪
risetoone’sfeet站起来giveriseto使发生
(1)Therewasasuddenriseinthewaterandthecalfwaswashedoverthemother’sbodyandwasgone.
(2)Withgreateffort,he.他费了好大的劲才站了起来。
(3)Thenumberofstudentsinthisschoolrisesby5%everyyear.
4.WeareinItalynow,andtomorrowwearevisitingPompeii.我们现在在意大利,明天将游览庞贝。
句式提取:
...wearevisiting...
该句为“现在进行时表将来”,意为“我们将参观……”。
现在进行时的其他用法:
(1)go,come,stay,leave,do,take,have等动词的现在进行时可用来表示按计划或安排将要做某事,特别是在口语中。
(2)事物作主语时,多用一般现在时表示按计划安排的活动;人作主语时,多用现在进行时表示计划要做的事。
(3)现在进行时常与always,forever,constantly等副词连用,带有厌恶、赞扬等感情色彩。
(1)Thetrainleavesat10p.m..
(2)You’realwayspeopleaboutyourexcitingsculptureclasses.
你总是跟别人讲起你那精彩的雕塑课。
5.WhenaskedhowastatuefromdistantGreececouldhaveappearedinChina,researchersexplainedthatnodoubtthiswasaresultofAlexandertheGreat’sinfluence.当被问及来自遥远希腊的塑像怎么会出现在中国时,研究人员解释说,这无疑是亚历山大大帝的影响所致。
句式提取:
状语从句的省略
(1)本句是主从复合句,其中whenaskedhow...是一个时间状语从句,其完整形式为whentheywereaskedhow...,这里how引导宾语从句。
主句中explained后接一个由that引导的宾语从句。
(2)英语中,有些表示条件(if/unless)、时间(when/as/while/once)、
方式或让步(asif/though)等的状语从句,如果谓语含有动词be,且主语又和主句中的主语一致,或者主语是it,常把状语从句中的主语和谓语的一部分(特别是动词be)省略。
(3)一定要注意从句的主语和主句的主语是否一致。
如果不一致,则不能省略。
分词作状语必须和句子的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系。
如果是主谓关系用现在分词,若是动宾关系则用过去分词。
(1)Theexperimentshowsthatproperamountsofexercise,ifcarriedoutregularly,canimproveourhealth.
(2),themachineisofnouse.
这台机器如不修理便毫无用处。
(3)Someflowersshutupatnightasif(theywere)tosleep.
对点自测
Ⅰ.选词填空
1.Thewornoutfathergatheredallhisstrengthand .
2.Hismotherwasseriouslyill,sohehadto aday .
3.Itissaidthatthefamousbusinessmanfoundedthecharity hiswife.
Ⅲ.单项填空
1.Althoughshebeli
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