专题16 阅读理解说明类三年高考真题英语分项汇编原卷版.docx
- 文档编号:24021683
- 上传时间:2023-05-23
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:47
- 大小:96.81KB
专题16 阅读理解说明类三年高考真题英语分项汇编原卷版.docx
《专题16 阅读理解说明类三年高考真题英语分项汇编原卷版.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《专题16 阅读理解说明类三年高考真题英语分项汇编原卷版.docx(47页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
专题16阅读理解说明类三年高考真题英语分项汇编原卷版
三年(2017-2019)高考真题英语分项汇编
专题16阅读理解说明类
一、2019年高考真题
1.【2019·全国卷I,C】
Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric(生物测量)technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.
ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice(装置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:
asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence(节奏)withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser'stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople'sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit'sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.
Italsodoesn'trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen'talreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.
Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.
28.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?
A.Toreducepressureonkeys.B.Toimproveaccuracyintyping
C.Toreplacethepasswordsystem.D.Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotection.
29.Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?
A.Computersaremucheasiertooperate.
B.Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.
C.Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.
D.Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.
30.Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?
all1osoisgitieocooll.
A.It'llbeenvironment-friendly.B.It'llreachconsumerssoon.
C.It'llbemadeofplastics.D.It'llhelpspeeduptyping.
31.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?
A.Adiary.B.AguidebookC.Anovel.D.Amagazine.
2.【2019·全国卷I,D】
Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool(小学),Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencamemytweensandteens,andmeangirlsandcoolkids.Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokesonothers,amongwhomIsoonfoundmyself.
Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:
thelikableandthestatusseekers.Thelikables’plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Thenthere’sthekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:
statusbornofpowerandevendishonorablebehavior.
Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Prinstein’sstudiesshowunpleasantconsequences.Thosewhowerehighestinstatusinhighschool,aswellasthoseleastlikedinelementaryschool,are“mostlikelytoengage(从事)indangerousandriskybehavior.”
Inonestudy,Dr.Prinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents,scoringtheleastliked,themostlikedandthehighestinstatusbasedonstudentsurveys(调查研究).“Wefoundthattheleastwell-likedteenshadbecomemoreaggressiveovertimetowardtheirclassmates.Butsohadthosewhowerehighinstatus.Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppositeeffectonus."
Dr.Prinsteinhasalsofoundthatthequalitiesthatmadetheneighborswantyouonaplaydate-sharing,kindness,openness—carryovertolateryearsandmakeyoubetterabletorelateandconnectwithothers.
Inanalyzinghisandotherresearch,Dr.Prinsteincametoanotherconclusion:
Notonlyislikabilityrelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes,butitisalsoresponsibleforthoseoutcomes,too."Beinglikedcreatesopportunitiesforlearningandfornewkindsoflifeexperiencesthathelpsomebodygainanadvantage,”hesaid.
32.Whatsortofgirlwastheauthorinherearlyyearsofelementaryschool?
A.Unkind.B.Lonely.C.Generous.D.Cool.
33.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?
A.Theclassificationofthepopular.
B.Thecharacteristicsofadolescents.
C.Theimportanceofinterpersonalskills.
D.Thecausesofdishonorablebehavior
34.WhatdidDr.Prinstein’sstudyfindaboutthemostlikedkids?
A.Theyappearedtobeaggressive.
B.Theytendedtobemoreadaptable.
C.Theyenjoyedthehigheststatus.
D.Theyperformedwellacademically.
35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.BeNice-YouWon’tFinishLast
B.TheHighertheStatus,theBeer
C.BetheBest-YouCanMakeIt
D.MoreSelf-Control,LessAggressiveness
4.【2019·全国卷II,D】
Bacteriaareanannoyingproblemforastronauts.Themicroorganisms(微生物)fromourbodiesgrowuncontrollablyonsurfacesoftheInternationalSpaceStation,soastronautsspendhourscleaningthemupeachweek.HowisNASAovercomingthisverytinybigproblem?
It’sturningtoabunchofhighschoolkids.Butnotjustanykids.ItdependingonNASAHUNCHhighschoolclass,liketheonescienceteachersGeneGordonandDonnaHimmelbergleadatFairportHighSchoolinFairport,NewYork.
HUNCHisdesignedtoconnecthighschoolclassroomswithNASAengineers.Forthepasttwoyears,Gordon’sstudentshavebeenstudyingwaystokillbacteriainzerogravity,andtheythinkthey’reclosetoasolution(解决方案).“Wedon’tgivethestudentsanybreaks.TheyhavetodoitjustlikeNASAengineers,”saysFlorenceGold,aprojectmanager.
“Therearenotests,”Gordonsays.“Thereisnogradedhomework.Therealmostarenogrades,otherthan‘Areyouworkingtowardsyourgoal?
’Basically,it’s‘I’vegottoproducethisproductandthen,attheendofyear,presentittoNASA.’Engineerscomeandreallydoanin-personreview,and…it’snotaverynicethingattime.It’sahardbusinessreviewofyourproduct.”
GordonsaystheHUNCHprogramhasanimpact(影响)oncollegeadmissionsandpracticallifeskills.“ThesekidsaresoabsorbedintheirstudiesthatIjustsitback.Idon’tteach.”Andthatannoyingbacteria?
GordonsayshisstudentsareemailingdailywithNASAengineersabouttheproblem,readyingaworkablesolutiontotestinspace.
32.WhatdoweknowaboutthebacteriaintheInternationalSpaceStation?
A.Theyarehardtogetridof.B.Theyleadtoairpollution.
C.Theyappeardifferentforms.D.Theydamagetheinstruments.
33.WhatisthepurposeoftheHUNCHprogram?
A.Tostrengthenteacher-studentrelationships.B.Tosharpenstudents’communicationskills.
C.Toallowstudentstoexperiencezerogravity.D.Tolinkspacetechnologywithschooleducation
34.WhatdotheNASAengineersdoforthestudentsintheprogram?
A.Checktheirproduct.B.Guideprojectdesigns
C.Adjustworkschedules.D.Gradetheirhomework.
35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.NASA:
TheHomeofAstronauts.
B.Space:
TheFinalHomeworkFrontier.
C.Nature:
AnOutdoorClassroom.
D.HUNCH:
ACollegeAdmissionReform.
3.【2019·全国卷III,C】
Beforethe1830s
mostnewspapersweresoldthroughannualsubscriptionsinAmerica,usually$8to$10ayear.Today$8or$10seemsasmallamountofmoney,butatthattimetheseamountswereforbiddingtomostcitizens.Accordingly,newspaperswerereadalmostonlybyrichpeopleinpoliticsorthetrades.Inaddition,mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtoamassaudience.Theyweredullandvisuallyforbidding.Buttherevolutionthatwastakingplaceinthe1830swouldchangeallthat.
Thetrend,then,wastowardthe"pennypaper"-atermreferringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.Itmeantanyinexpensivenewspaper;perhapsmoreimportantlyitmeantnewspapersthatcouldbeboughtinsinglecopiesonthestreet.
Thisdevelopmentdidnottakeplaceovernight.Ithadbeenpossible(butnoteasy)tobuysinglecopiesofnewspapersbefore1830,butthisusuallymeantthereaderhadtogodowntotheprinter'sofficetopurchaseacopy.Streetsaleswerealmostunknown.However,withinafewyears,streetsalesofnewspaperswouldbecommonplaceineasterncities.Atfirstthepriceofsinglecopieswasseldomapenny-usuallytwoorthreecentswascharged-andsomeoftheolderwell-knownpaperschargedfiveorsixcents.Butthephrase"pennypaper"caughtthepublic'sfancy,andsoontherewouldbepapersthatdidindeedsellforonlyapenny.
Thisnewtrendofnewspapersfor"themanonthestreet"didnotbeginwell.Someoftheearlyventures(企业)wereimmediatefailures.Publishersalreadyinbusiness,peoplewhowereownersofsuccessfulpapers,hadlittledesiretochangethetradition.Ittookafewyouthfulanddaringbusinessmentogettheballrolling.
28.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesnewspapersinAmericabeforethe1830s?
A.Academic.B.Unattractive.C.Inexpensive.D.Confidential.
29.Whatdidstreetsalesmeantonewspapers?
A.Theywouldbepricedhigher.B.Theywoulddisappearfromcities.
C.Theycouldhavemorereaders.D.Theycouldregainpublictrust.
30.Whowerethenewspapersofthenewtrendtargetedat?
A.Localpoliticians.B.Commonpeople.
C.Youngpublishers.D.Richbusinessmen.
31.Whatcanwesayaboutthebirthofthepennypaper?
A.Itwasadifficultprocess.B.Itwasatemporarysuccess.
C.Itwasarobberyofthepoor.D.Itwasadisasterforprinters.
5.【2
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 专题16 阅读理解说明类三年高考真题英语分项汇编原卷版 专题 16 阅读 理解 说明 三年 高考 英语 汇编 原卷版