大学六级模拟542.docx
- 文档编号:24013968
- 上传时间:2023-05-23
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:43
- 大小:49.80KB
大学六级模拟542.docx
《大学六级模拟542.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《大学六级模拟542.docx(43页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
大学六级模拟542
ModelTestSeven
PartⅠWriting
Directions:
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledCreditCardsonCampus.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.
1.有人认为信用卡进入大学校园是件好事
2.也有人持反对意见
3.你的想法
CreditCardsonCampus
PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)
Directions:
Inthispartyouwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B).C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.
HowtoRetireEarlier
It'severyworkingstaff'sdream:
sayinggoodbyetothedailygrindwhileyoustillhaveyourownteeth.Inourearlyretirementfantasies,we'retravelingtheworld,healthyandintheprimeofourlives,visitingthosehard-to-pronouncecountrieswe'vealwaystalkedaboutandsamplingthefinestlocalfare.
Retirement-relatedProblems
Surveysshowthatmorethanhalfofworkersbetweentheagesof30and50plantoretirebeforethey're60.Butthere'sonlyoneproblemwiththiswishfulthinking:
Retiringearlyiseasy,butmakingyourmoneylastishard.
Oneproblemwithsavingupforearlyretirementisthatwetendnottothinkbeyondthosefirstfewgloriousyearsofgoodhealthandfullcheckingaccounts-wedon'tdothelong-termmath.Iftheaveragemalelifeexpectancyis75.2andweretireat55,thenoursavings,andstockmarketinvestmentsneedtolastfor20years.Andwhatifweliveevenlongerthanaverage?
Anddon'tforgetthatlifecangettrickyduringthoselastfiveortenyears.Veryfewfortunatesoulsdriftawayintheirsleepatage88withouteverhavingmajorsurgeries,hospitalizationsorchronic(andexpensive)conditionstomanage-nottomentiontheever-increasingcostsofmedicalinsuranceandprescriptiondrugs.
Whilewetendtooverestimateourhealth,weunderestimateourpost-retirementfinancialneeds.A2002surveyfoundthatonly17percentofworkersthoughtthey'dneed80percentoftheirsalaryafterretirement.Fortypercentthoughtthey'dbefinewith60percentofcurrentearnings.Thatmightsufficeforafewgoodyears,butthelongeryoulive,thelesschanceyourmoneywilllast.
Furthermore.isn'titpossiblethattravelingtheworldandlivingoutofasuitcasecouldgetprettytedious?
Didyoueverthinkthatyoumightbeboredwithoutadayjob?
Doyouhaveenoughhobbiesandintereststosustainyoufor20to30yearswithoutbusinesstrips,deadlinesanddailymeetings?
Butdon'tgetdiscouraged.Ifyou'reseriousaboutretiringearlyanddedicatedtomakingitwork,youcanmakeithappen.Allittakesissomeseriousfinancialplanning,astrictbudgetandsomegoodold-fashionedluck.
Sohowdoyoustartplanningforanearlyretirement?
Whatarethemostimportantcalculations?
Whataresomecommonmistakes?
FinancialPlanning
Thefirststepwhenplanningforanearlyretirementistofigureoutexactlyhowmuchmoneyyouhaverightnow.Thisiscalledyournetworth.Networthiscalculatedbyaddingupallofyourassets(cash,stocks,retirementaccountsandthevalueofyourhome)andsubtractingallofyouroutstandingdebt(mortgage,studentloansandcreditcarddebt).
Whenyouknowhowmuchyouhave,youneedtofigureouthowmuchmoneyyou'llneedwhenyouretire.Thisamountdependsonseveralfactors:
whatyouwanttodowhenyouretire,howearlyyouwanttoretireandwhatstandardoflivingyouwanttoenjoywhenretired.
Ifyouwanttokeepupyourcurrentstandardoflivingasaretiree,theruleofthumbisthatyou'llbespendingmonthlyatleast80percentofwhatyou'respendingnow.Thatother20percentyouwon'tbespendingaccountsforwork-relatedexpenses:
gasorpublictransportationfaresforyourcommute,drycleaningbills,lunchesandthelike.Butifyouplantotravel,playmoregolforfixupaclassiccarasaretiree,you'llquicklymakeupthat20percentyouthoughtyouweresavingbynotworking.
Perhapsthemostimportantfactorwhencalculatinghowmuchyou'llneedishowearlyyouwanttoretire.There'sabigdifferenceinplanningfora20-yearretirementanda40-yearretirement.Plus,theearlieryouretire,thelongeryou'llhavetowaittogetSocialSecuritybenefits.Thisisn'taproblemforpeoplewhoretireaftertheminimumageforcollectingSocialSecurity(currently62).Butifyouretiretooearly,youmightnothaveenoughtogetbyonuntilSocialSecuritykicksin.
Anotherseriousconsiderationwhenplanningforanearlyretirementishealthinsurance.Whenyou'reemployed,youpaypartofyourmonthlyinsurancepremiumandyouremployerpaystherest.Whenyouretire,you'reguaranteedcoverageunderthesameinsurancepolicyforthenext18to36monthsthroughtheConsolidatedOmnibusBudgetReconstructionAct,alsoknownasCOBRA.COBRAismeantasatemporaryprotectionforemployeeswholoseorchangejobs.ButevenwithCOBRA,you'llbepayingthefullpremium,includingwhatyourbossusedtopay.
You'renoteligibleforMedicalbenefitsuntilyou're65.So,untilyoureachthatage,you'llneedasupplementaryinsurancepolicy.WhenyouapplyforanewpolicyafterCOBRArunsout,youmightbesurprisedathowexpensiveitistoinsurea60-year-oldwithpre-existingmedicalconditions.Thecheapestpolicyfora62-year-oldnonsmokeris$300amonth,anditincreasesifyousmoke,haveahistoryofheartproblems,highbloodpressure,diabetesandotherconditions.
Onewaytogetstartedonyourearlyretirementbudgetistouseoneofthemanyfreeonlineretirementcalculatorstofigureouthowmuchyou'llneedinnetworthtoretireatacertainage.Buttheonlywaytoknowifyourplannedretirementspendingwillworkistotryadryrun.Trytoliveforthreemonthsontheprojectedmonthlyamountthatyouhopetoliveonwhenretired.Ifit'snotworkingnow,itcertainlywon'tworkwhenyoufactorinincreasedhealthcareandinsurancecosts.
Howcanyoustartsavingforanearlyretirementnow?
Whatarethebestlong-terminvestmentsforbuildinguparetirementnestegg?
InvestingforEarlyRetirement
Compoundinterestisabeautifulthing.Thebestthingyoucandorightnowtoensureanearlyretirementistoinvestasmuchofyourearningsaspossibleinsafe,long-terminvestmentsandtax-deferrableretirementsavingsaccounts.
Agoodplacetostartiswithatightbudget.AswelearnedinHowtoMakeaMillionDollars,oneofthequickestwaystobecomerichistoliveafrugallifestyle.Insteadoflivingbeyondyourmeans-buyingthingsoncreditthatyoucan'timmediatelypaybacklivebelowyourmeans.Buyausedcarinsteadofanewone(orbetteryet,takethebus).Choosethetwo-bedroomhouseinsteadofthefive-bedroomone.
So,howmuchmoneyshouldwebesavingfromeachpaycheck?
MSNMoneydescribesa20/20/20system.Startingatage20,ifyouinvest20percentofeachpaycheck,youcouldretirein20yearsandliveontheinterestfromyourinvestments.Aswe'vealreadyasked,canyouliverightnowon80percentofyourincome,likeyou'llbelivingoninretirement?
Trysettingupanautomaticwithdrawal(取款)fromyourcheckingaccount.Wheneverapaycheckisdepositedatthebank,20percentwillautomaticallybedeductedbeforeyouevenhaveachancetoseeit,letalonespendit.
Nowyouneedtotakethatmoneyandinvestitinsomethingwithguaranteedlong-termgrowth.MSNMoneyrecommendsastockmarketindexfundthattracksS&P500companies.Soaslongasthestockmarketgoesupoverthenext20years--whichithistoricallyhas,atarateof12percentannually-yourmoneywillgrow.Also,ifyoucanincreaseyourearningsslightlyeveryyearthroughpayraisesandpromotions,you'llseeevenmoregrowth.
Stockinvestmentsaresmartifyouplanonretiringbeforeyou'reinyour60s.Whenyoustartcashinginstocksatage40,you'llhavetopayonlylong-termcapitalgainstaxes,whicharecurrentlyat15percent.Butothercommonretirementinvestmentshavestiffpenaltiesforwithdrawingmoneyearly.Theminimumagetostartwithdrawingis59.5.
Andremember,don'ttouchtheinterestonyourstockinvestments.Forthemagicofcompoundinteresttowork,youneedtoreinvesteverypennyofinterest.
1.Whydoestheauthorsaylifecangettrickyduringaperson'slast5or10years?
A)Becauseoldpeopletendtosleepmorethanaverage.
B)Becauseoldpeople'shealthusuallyfailsduringthattime.
C)Becausethelifeafterretirementcouldbeverylongorveryshort.
D)Becausesomeoldpeoplecannotenduremajorsurgeries.
2.Whatisthefirstthingtodotoplanforanearlyretirement?
A)Tomaintainagoodfigure.
B)Toearnasmuchmoneyasyoucannow.
C)Toworkoutadetailedplanofworldtravelling.
D)Toknowexactlytheamountofyourwealth.
3.Ifyouwanttohavethesamekindoflivingasaretiree,youmayspend20%lessmonthlythanyoudonowbecause______.
A)olderpeopletendtobemorefrugalB)expensesinvolvedinworkaresaved
C)publictransportationwillbecheaperthenD)olderpeoplecandotheirowncleaningthen
4.WhendopeoplewhoretirestartcollectingSocialSecuritybenefits?
A)Immediatelyaftertheyretire.B)2monthsaftertheyretire.
C)2yearsafterthenormalretiringage.D)2yearsbeforetheyretire.
5.Whatwillhappentoaperson'shealthinsuranceafteranearlyretirement?
A)Hewilllosealltheprotectionagainstmedicalproblem.
B)Hewillbecoveredbythesamepolicyforacertaintime.
C)Hedoesn'thavetopayforthehealthinsuranceanylonger.
D)Heonlyhastopaypartofhismonthlyinsurancepremium.
6.Whatareretiree
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 大学 模拟 542