考研必备考研英语真题及解析.docx
- 文档编号:23976403
- 上传时间:2023-05-23
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:126
- 大小:196.30KB
考研必备考研英语真题及解析.docx
《考研必备考研英语真题及解析.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《考研必备考研英语真题及解析.docx(126页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
考研必备考研英语真题及解析
2
001年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题
PartIClozeTest
Directions:
Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarked
A],[B],[C]and[D].ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1
[
byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(10points)
Thegovernmentistobanpaymentstowitnessesbynewspapersseekingtobuyup
peopleinvolvedinprominentcases
Inasignificantoflegalcontrolsoverthepress,LordIrvine,theLord
Chancellor,willintroduceabillthatwillproposemakingpaymentsto
1
thetrialofRosemaryWest.
2
3
witnesses
toacase
4
6
andwillstrictlycontroltheamountof
atrialbegins.
5
thatcanbegiven
InalettertoGeraldKaufman,chairmanoftheHouseofCommonsmediaselect
committee,LordIrvinesaidhe
thatselfregulationdidnot
7
withacommitteereportthisyearwhichsaid
8
sufficientcontrol.
9
ofthelettercametwodaysafterLordIrvinecauseda
10
ofmedia
protestwhenhesaidthe
11
ofprivacycontrolscontainedinEuropean
12toParliament.
legislationwouldbelefttojudges
TheLordChancellorsaidintroductionoftheHumanRightsBill,which
EuropeanConventiononHumanRightslegally14inBritain,laiddownthat
everybodywas15toprivacyandthatpublicfigurescouldgotocourttoprotect
themselvesandtheirfamilies.
Pressfreedomswillbeinsafehands
Witnesspaymentsbecamean17
sentencesin1995.Upto19witnesseswere
13
the
“
16
afterWestwassentencedto10life
18tohavereceivedpaymentsfor
19witnessesmight
guiltyverdicts.
ourBritishjudges,”hesaid.
tellingtheirstoriestonewspapers.Concernswereraised
beencouragedexaggeratetheirstoriesincourtto20
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
1
.[A]asto
[B]forinstance[C]inparticular
[B]intensifying[C]focusing
[D]suchas
[D]fastening
[D]draft
.[A]tightening
.[A]sketch
.[A]illogical
.[A]publicity
.[A]since
[B]rough
[B]illegal
[B]penalty
[B]if
[C]preliminary
[C]improbable
[C]popularity
[C]before
[D]improper
[D]peculiarity
[D]as
.[A]sided
[B]shared
[B]offer
[B]Publication
[B]rage
[C]complied
[C]manifest
[C]Printing
[C]flare
[D]agreed
.[A]present
.[A]Release
0.[A]storm
[D]indicate
[D]Exposure
[D]flash
1.[A]translation[B]interpretation[C]exhibition
[D]demonstration
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2.[A]betterthan[B]otherthan
[C]ratherthan
[C]sets
[D]soonerthan
[D]turns
3.[A]changes
4.[A]binding
[B]makes
[B]convincing
[C]restraining
[C]entitled
[C]from
[D]sustaining
[D]qualified
[D]by
5.[A]authorized[B]credited
6.[A]with
[B]to
7.[A]impact
8.[A]stated
9.[A]what
[B]incident
[B]remarked
[B]when
[C]inference
[C]said
[D]issue
[D]told
[C]which
[D]that
0.[A]assure
[B]confide
[C]ensure
[D]guarantee
PartIIReadingComprehension
Directions:
Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestions
therearefouranswersmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Readthepassagescarefully
andchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.ThenmarkyouransweronANSWER
SHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(40
points)
Passage1
Specialisationcanbeseenasaresponsetotheproblemofanincreasing
accumulationofscientificknowledge.Bysplittingupthesubjectmatterinto
smallerunits,onemancouldcontinuetohandletheinformationanduseitasthe
basisforfurtherresearch.Butspecialisationwasonlyoneofaseriesofrelated
developmentsinscienceaffectingtheprocessofcommunication.Anotherwasthe
growingprofessionalisationofscientificactivity.
Noclear-cutdistinctioncanbedrawnbetweenprofessionalsandamateursin
science:
exceptionscanbefoundtoanyrule.Nevertheless,theword“amateur”
doescarryaconnotationthatthepersonconcernedisnotfullyintegratedintothe
scientificcommunityand,inparticular,maynotfullyshareitsvalues.Thegrowth
ofspecialisationinthenineteenthcentury,withitsconsequentrequirementofa
longer,morecomplextraining,impliedgreaterproblemsforamateurparticipation
inscience.Thetrendwasnaturallymostobviousinthoseareasofsciencebased
especiallyonamathematicalorlaboratorytraining,andcanbeillustratedinterms
ofthedevelopmentofgeologyintheUnitedKingdom.
AcomparisonofBritishgeologicalpublicationsoverthelastcenturyandahalf
revealsnotsimplyanincreasingemphasisontheprimacyofresearch,butalsoa
changingdefinitionofwhatconstitutesanacceptableresearchpaper.Thus,inthe
nineteenthcentury,localgeologicalstudiesrepresentedworthwhileresearchin
theirownright;but,inthetwentiethcentury,localstudieshaveincreasingly
becomeacceptabletoprofessionalsonlyiftheyincorporate,andreflecton,the
widergeologicalpicture.Amateurs,ontheotherhand,havecontinuedtopursuelocal
studiesintheoldway.Theoverallresulthasbeentomakeentrancetoprofessional
geologicaljournalsharderforamateurs,aresultthathasbeenreinforcedbythe
widespreadintroductionofrefereeing,firstbynationaljournalsinthenineteenth
centuryandthenbyseverallocalgeologicaljournalsinthetwentiethcentury.As
alogicalconsequenceofthisdevelopment,separatejournalshavenowappearedaimed
mainlytowardseitherprofessionaloramateurreadership.Arathersimilarprocess
ofdifferentiationhasledtoprofessionalgeologistscomingtogethernationally
withinoneortwospecificsocieties,whereastheamateurshavetendedeitherto
remaininlocalsocietiesortocometogethernationallyinadifferentway.
Althoughtheprocessofprofessionalisationandspecialisationwasalreadywell
underwayinBritishgeologyduringthenineteenthcentury,itsfullconsequences
werethusdelayeduntilthetwentiethcentury.Insciencegenerally,however,the
nineteenthcenturymustbereckonedasthecrucialperiodforthischangeinthe
structureofscience.
2
1.Thegrowthofspecialisationinthe19thcenturymightbemoreclearlyseenin
sciencessuchas_______.
[
[
AJsociologyandchemistry
C]sociologyandpsychology
[B]physicsandpsychology
[D]physicsandchemistry
2
2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_______.
[
[
[
[
A]thereislittledistinctionbetweenspecialisationandprofessionalisation
B]amateurscancompetewithprofessionalsinsomeareasofscience
C]professionalstendtowelcomeamateursintothescientificcommunity
D]amateurshavenationalacademicsocietiesbutnolocalones
2
2
3.Theauthorwritesofthedevelopmentofgeologytodemonstrate______.
[
[
[
[
A]theprocessofspecialisationandprofessionalisation
B]thehardshipofamateursinscientificstudy
C]thechangeofpoliciesinscientificpublications
D]thediscriminationofprofessionalsagainstamateurs
4.Thedirectreasonforspecialisationis_______.
[
[
[
[
A]thedevelopmentincommunication
B]thegrowthofprofessionalisation
C]theexpansionofscientificknowledge
D]thesplittingupofacademicsocieties
Passage2
Agreatdealofattentionisbeingpaidtodaytotheso-calleddigitaldivide-the
divisionoftheworldintotheinfo(information)richandtheinfopoor.Andthat
dividedoesexisttoday.MywifeandIlecturedaboutthisloomingdangertwenty
yearsago.Whatwaslessvisiblethen,however,werethenew,positiveforcesthat
workagainstthedigitaldivide.Therearereasonstobeoptimistic.
Therearetechnologicalreasonstohopethedigitaldividewillnarrow.Asthe
Internetbecomesmoreandmorecommercialized,itisintheinterestofbusiness
touniversalizeaccess-afterall,themorepeopleonline,themorepotential
customersthereare.Moreandmoregovernments,afraidtheircountrieswillbeleft
behind,wanttospreadInternetaccess.Withinthenextdecadeortwo,onetotwo
billionpeopleontheplanetwillhenettedtogether.Asaresult,Inowbelieve
thedigitaldividewillnarrowratherthanwidenintheyearsahead.Andthatis
verygoodnewsbecausetheInternetmaywellbethemostpowerfultoolforcombating
worldpovertythatwe’veeverhad.
Ofcourse,theuseoftheInternetisn’ttheonlywaytodefeatpoverty.And
theInternetisnottheonlytoolwehave.Butithasenormouspotential.
Totakeadvantageofthistool,someimpoverishedcountrieswillhavetoget
overtheiroutdatedanti-colonialprejudiceswithrespecttoforeigninvestment.
Countriesthatstillthinkforeigninvestmentisaninvasionoftheirsovereignty
mightwellstudythehistoryofinfrastructure(thebasicstructuralfoundations
ofasociety)intheUnitedStates.WhentheUnitedStatesbuiltitsindustrial
infrastructure,itdidn’thavethecapitaltodoso.AndthatiswhyAmerica’s
SecondWaveinfrastructure-includingroads,harbors,highways,portsandsoon-were
builtwithforeigninvestment.TheEnglish,theGermans,theDutchandtheFrench
wereinvestinginBritain’sformercolony.Theyfinancedthem.ImmigrantAmericans
builtthem.Guesswhoownsthemnow?
TheAmericans.Ibelievethesamethingwould
betrueinplaceslikeBraziloranywhereelseforthatmatter.Themoreforeign
capitalyouhavehelpingyoubuildyourThirdWaveinfrastructure,whichtodayis
anelectronicinfrastructure,thebetteroffyou’regoingtobe.Thatdoesn'tmean
lyingdownandbecomingfooled,orlettingforeigncorporationsrununcontrolled.
Butitdoesmeanrecognizinghowimportanttheycanbeinbuildingtheenergyand
telecominfrastructuresneededtotakefulladvantageoftheInternet.
2
2
2
5.Digitaldivideissomething_______.
[
[
[
[
A]gettingworsebecauseoftheInternet
B]therichcountriesareresponsiblefor
C]the
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 考研 必备 英语 解析