高中英语 Unit 1 Living well词汇详解 新人教版选修7.docx
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高中英语 Unit 1 Living well词汇详解 新人教版选修7.docx
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高中英语Unit1Livingwell词汇详解新人教版选修7
选修7第一单元
考点预览:
1词汇:
ambition,adapt,beneficial,similar,absence,including,ignore,encouragement
2短语:
makefunof,setup,eventhough,dreamabout,atleast,aswellas,aswell,dealwith,inotherwords,
outofbreath,allinalllivea…life,getannoyed,bedifferentfrom
语言点:
1.try(v,n)
(1)试图,设法,努力Idon’tknowifIcancome,butI’lltry.
(2)试,试用,试验Haveyoutriedthisnewcoffee?
It’sverygood.尝过
(3)try后可接名词,动名词,不定式,what从句等
aJohnisn’ttoseewhetheritfitsyou.
(4)trytodosth努力做某事;trydoingsth尝试做某事
为什么不尝试乘火车去那里呢?
__________________________________________________________________?
他努力地要把箱子搬到楼上,但失败了。
____________________________________________________________
如果前门没有人开,你可以敲后门试试。
____________________________________________________________
(5)词组:
trysthon试穿tryout试验,尝试tryone’sbest(todosth)尽某人最大的努力
类似用法:
stoptodosth,meantodosthforgettodosthremembertodosth
stopdoingsthmeandoingsthforgetdoingsthrememberdoingsth
achieve
(1)(凭努力)达到(目标等)He)成就,伟绩achievable(adj)能完成的,能达到的
3proud骄傲的,自豪的。
常用于以下结构:
beproudofbeproudtodosthbeproudthat
Yourachievementsaresomethingtobeproudof.Ifeelproudtobeapartoftheteam.
Heisveryproudthat)takepridein=beproudofproudly(adv)
4represent
(1)代表,象征,标志TheroserepresentsEngland.OurfirmisrepresentedinIndiabyMrHall.我公司驻印度
HerepresentedChinaintheconference.他代表中国参加了这个会议。
Thetradeunionrepresentsover200000workers.
(2)描绘,描述,塑造ThepicturerepresentsthebattleofWaterloo.Thepicturerepresentsa,adj)代表(人),有代表性的,典型的;representation(n)代表,表现,描绘(指事物);
近义词辨析:
represent强调代表(官方,政府),代言人,standfor代表(含义,符号)
UN__theUnitedStates.WenJiabao__ourgovernmenttogiveatalkatthecongress.
5setup
(1)摆放,竖起(某物)Policesetuproadblocksonroutesleadingoutofthecity.
(2)建立Theywanttosetupastateoftheirown.
近义词辨析:
setup指建立组织机构等抽象事物,也可指竖起,搭起,此时等于putup
Anewschoolsetupinmy.
build多指建立房屋,桥梁,道路等The1960s.
putup多指建立临时性的房屋,帐篷等Theyputupatentbytheriversideforthenight.(过夜)
found指创建(组织,国家);把…基于…之上ThePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfoundedin1949.
Foralltheseyears,Iworkingforothers.I’mbusinesssomeday.
AturnupBfixupCsetupDmakeup
相关短语:
(1)setabout(doingsth)setouttodosth着手做…
(2)setoff出发,动身(3)setfireto点燃,生火
(4)setdown记下,写下,放下(5)seton攻击(6)setanexample树立榜样(7)set…aside把…放在一边,省出,留出Shetriestosetasidesomemoneyeverymonth.(8)setback使推迟,耽误,使延误Thebadweathersetbackthebuildingprogrammebyseveralweeks.(9)setapart留出,拨出(专用)Tworoomsweresetapartforuseaslibraries.
(10)setforward提出,拨快(钟表),促进
6ambition(c,u)
(1)雄心,野心,志气,抱负,志向
AboywhoisfilledambitionusuallyworkstobecomethePrimeMinisterislikelytoberealized.
(2)目标,夙愿(c)Heforsth渴望得到某物fullofambition野心勃勃
7similar(adj)相似的,类似的besimilarto(to为介词)与…相似besimilarin在…方面相似similarity(n)类似点
ShanghaiissimilartoShenzheninmanyways.Therearemanysimilaritiesbetweenthetwo.
8takealessonlessons上课,学习课程,修课程HepreferstotakeEnglishlessonsratherthantakeChineseones.
givesbalessonlessons给某人上课teachsbalesson教训某人TheaccidenttaughtmealessonI’llneverforget.
9inotherwords换句话说(做插入语)
Beethovenwrotemanyworld-famousmusicalcompositions.Inotherwords,.
I’mnotusedtothewayyouspeaktome.Inotherwords,Idon’twanttocontinueourconversations
(1)inword口头上Idon’twantyoutotellmeinwordthatyouwillstudywords用语言(来表达)一般置于句末Youdon’tknow’tbedescribedinwords.
(3)inaoneword一句话,简言之,总之Inaword,wemusttryourbesttodothework.
(4)getinaword插话(5)leaveword留言(6)’tknowmuchEnglish,’tspeakastheotherpeopledo.YoumustdoasItoldyou.Heisnotsodiligentasyou.
Youngasthewar.Iwatched’tthere,Ileftamessage.Asill,perhaps’topenthedoor.Tiredastheywere,theywalkedon.Leavethetableasitis.
(2)作关系代词,引导限制性定语从句,先行词前常有such,thesame,as,so与之呼应,构成such…as,so…as,等
We’llmakesuchcomputersasareneededindifferentbranchesofscience.Iwanttobuythesameshoesaswereadvertised.
(3)作关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句,as指前或后面整个句子的内容。
Asyoucanseeinthemap,thetwocitiesarefarawayfromeachother.Aseverybodyknows,allthatglittersisnotgold.
(4)prep作为YouwillbewelcomedasaCanada,__thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.
AasBifCwhenDwhere
11adapt
(1)使…适应;使…适合,适应。
一般与to连用adapt(oneself)to,相当于adjust…to
Canyouadaptyourselftothenewjob?
You’dbetteradapttothenewenvironmentassoonaspossible.
Sheadaptedschools.……以适应学校之用。
adapt…from从…选取改编Theplayisadaptedfromanovel.ThisnoveladaptedforradiofromRussianoriginal.
adapteradaptor(n)改编者adaptation(n)适应,改编adaptable(adj)能适应的,可改编的
近义词辨析:
adjust强调调整或调节以适应adapt指修改或改变,使某人或某物做些改变以适应新条件,此意时可互换。
Youcan’tseethroughthetelescopeuntilitisadjustedtoyoureyes.把望远镜调节到适合你的目光之后,你才能看见。
Ittook’tadapttotheideaofasatime从前(7)notime立刻(9)fromtimetotime有时,不时的(10)intime及时(11)ontime按时,准时
(12)atanytime随时,在任何时候(13)forthefirsttime第一次(14)outoftime不合时宜(15)killtime消遣,消磨时光
13including(prep)包括,包含在内,一般用于名词或代词之前;included一般用于名词或代词之后
Weallwentincludingme.Weallwent,meincluded.Sixpeoplewerekilledintheaccident,adriver_____________.
近义词辨析:
contain“包含,含有,装着,盛着”,通常指在一个整体中所包含含有的全部内容,或在一个容器中容纳的全部东西,强调包含的整体内容。
include“包含,包括”指在一个整体中包括了其中一部分内容项目等,强调包含部分。
常用的两种表达方式:
includingsbsth=sbsthincluded
Seawatercontainssalt.Yourdutiesincludetypinglettersandansweringthetelephone.
Thepriceincludesboththe.
14absence(n)不在,缺席,缺少absenceofmind心不在焉,精神恍惚inone’sabsenceintheabsenceofsb在背地里,在某人不在时absent(adj)缺席的absent-minded心不在焉的beabsentfrom不在,缺席
Theyspokeillofthecaptainintheabsenceof’tknowthevalueof’tcomeuntillateintheafternoon.(傍晚)
16usedto表示过去经常或持续性的行为,现在已经不再发生。
常用did帮助构成疑问句和否定句,也可用used
Youusedtodrink,usedn’tyoudidn’tyou?
Thereusedtobesometreesinthisfield,usedn’ttheredidn’tthere?
Iusedtoswiminthisriver.Usedyoutoswiminthisriver?
Didyouusetosmokeapipe?
(烟斗)
近义词辨析:
usedto过去常常,指过去的状况,也可指习惯,现在已经停止了,可与be连用。
would多指过去的动作反复,与现在无关。
不与be连用。
Heusedtobeaquietboy.Hewouldsitontheriverbankfishingwhenbeusedtomakepaper.Stampsareusedtosendletters.
(2)begetusedtodoingsth习惯于Heisnotusedtogettingupearly.I’mnotusedtoeatingthesamefoodeveryday.
(3)beusedfordoingsthStampsareusedforsendingletters.
(4)useup用光,用尽usedup筋疲力尽
17too…to
(1)用来表示否定意义,可用not…enoughto…和so…that来进行句式转换。
Thechildistooyoungtogotoschool.=Thechildisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.=Thechildissoyoungthat’tgotoschool.
(2)too…to句式中,too后接ready,glad,willing,pleased,delighted等形容词时,无否定意义。
Heistoowillingto’t…too表示“无论怎么样……也不过分”Youcan’tbetoocareful.你越小心越好
Onecan’tbetoooldtolearn.___________________。
Youcan’tbetoocarefulinyourstudies.______________________.
18nearly(adv)
(1)相当于almost差不多,几乎It’snearlyteno’clock.
TheseasonsoftheyearinEnglandandtheUSAarenearlythesame.
(2)密切地,亲密地(closely)Thematterconcernsmenearly.这事与我密切相关。
近义词辨析:
两词意义相近,肯定句中可以互换用。
一般来说,与数字连用时用nearly。
另外almost可与never,no,none,nothing,nobody等否定词连用,而nearly只可和not连用,notnearly是“远不如”的意思.
Almostnoonebelievedbemoreimportantthanmoneytotowasbroughtintotheworldthedayoldorchardbehindthestudy.
His’twaittoleavethisplace___.AoffBoutCbehindDover
leave…behind把…落在…,把…抛在后面,永远离开…不能用forget…behind
22Mylifeisaloteasieratitwasatprimaryschool.中alot作状语,用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级。
类似的词还有still,no,any,much,rather,abit,alittle,far,even,alot,agreatdeal等ShegotfarmorebooksthanI.
Thereareevenmorepeoplethanexpected.HestudiesratherLiMing.YouknowsevenlessaboutitthanIdo.
--Doyoufeelanybetter?
—Ifeelmuchbetter.Itisalittlewarmertoday.Thisquestionisalotmoredifficultthanlastone.
近义词辨析:
very,quite,fairly,greatly等不能用来修饰比较级,但可修饰原级。
It’sfairlywarmtoday.
Itisquitepossibletotravelonthemooninthefuture.I’mgreatlysurprisedtoseeyouawardforbraveryfromthepoliceservice
Wereceivedawarmwelcomefromourchild.Itmaytakeyearstobecompletelyacceptedbythelocalpeople.
Itisgenerallyacceptedthatpeoplearemotivatedbysuccess.普遍认为成功催人奋进
accept…as接纳,承认acceptintoShewasdisappointednottobeacceptedintotheclub.
acceptable(adj)认同的,认可的acceptance(n)接受,同意
24annoy(vt)打搅,干扰,使烦恼,使生气(尤用于被动语态)Hewasannoyedwiththerainandgotwetallover.
Whenthesewomengettalking,theygoonfor(wellwith)进步,进展,相处(8)getthrough打通电话,使某人理解,完成,通过(考试)(9)getup(10)getout泄露,说出(11)getawaywith侥幸做成,逃脱处罚,避免(12)getcloseto接近(13)getdownto静下心来做某事,被…所吸引(to是介词)(14)getdowntobusiness开始处理最重要的事情(15)getaboutaround到处走动,(消息)传播(16)getaccustomedto(doing)sth习惯于(17)getaword插话(19)getintouchwith与…取得联系(20)getintotrouble(21)getintodebt借债,负债(22)getkilled送命(23)getlost迷路(24)getnowhere无进展(25)getover克服,从(疾病或失望中)恢复过来(26)getreadytodoforsth准备好…(27)getridof处理掉(某物)摆脱…(28)getsbtodosth让某人去做某事(29)getusedtodoing习惯于(30)gettoknow开始熟悉(某人或某地)(31)getlayputyoursomething得到某物,获得某物
26ignore不理,不顾,忽视Towasignoredbywithmyexperiment.
近义词辨析:
ignore为不理会采取视而不见的态度。
neglect因为粗心等原因而没有注意到或忽视
Sheneglectsneglectedforyears.(无人看管)
同义词disregardignorance(n)无知,愚昧ignorant(adj)无知的beignorantofbeinignoranceof不知道,不了解
27encouragement(n)激励,鼓励
(1)encourage(v)encouragesbtodosth
(2)encouraging(adj)(事、物)令人振奋的,振奋人心的(3)encouraged
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