5学原理微观第五版测试题库04曼昆经济学原理第五版测试题库微观.docx
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5学原理微观第五版测试题库04曼昆经济学原理第五版测试题库微观.docx
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5学原理微观第五版测试题库04曼昆经济学原理第五版测试题库微观
Chapter4
TheMarketForcesofSupplyandDemand
TRUE/FALSE
1.Pricesallocateamarketeconomy’sscarceresources.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
4-0
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
Markets,marketfailure,andexternalities
TOP:
MarketeconomiesMSC:
Definitional
2.Inamarketeconomy,supplyanddemanddetermineboththequantityofeachgoodproducedandthepriceatwhichitissold.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
4-0
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
Markets,marketfailure,andexternalities
TOP:
MarketeconomiesMSC:
Definitional
3.Amarketisagroupofbuyersandsellersofaparticulargoodorservice.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
4-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
Markets,marketfailure,andexternalities
TOP:
MarketsMSC:
Definitional
4.Sellersasagroupdeterminethedemandforaproduct,andbuyersasagroupdeterminethesupplyofaproduct.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
4-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Demand|Supply
MSC:
Definitional
5.Ayardsaleisanexampleofamarket.
ANS:
TDIF:
2REF:
4-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
Markets,marketfailure,andexternalities
TOP:
MarketsMSC:
Applicative
6.Anewspaper’sclassifiedadsareanexampleofamarket.
ANS:
TDIF:
2REF:
4-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
Markets,marketfailure,andexternalities
TOP:
MarketsMSC:
Applicative
7.Mostmarketsintheeconomyarehighlycompetitive.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
4-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
Markets,marketfailure,andexternalities
TOP:
MarketsMSC:
Definitional
8.Inacompetitivemarket,thequantityofeachgoodproducedandthepriceatwhichitissoldarenotdeterminedbyanysinglebuyerorseller.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
4-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
Markets,marketfailure,andexternalities
TOP:
CompetitivemarketsMSC:
Definitional
9.Inacompetitivemarket,therearesofewbuyersandsofewsellersthateachhasasignificantimpactonthemarketprice.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
4-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
Markets,marketfailure,andexternalities
TOP:
CompetitivemarketsMSC:
Definitional
10.Inaperfectlycompetitivemarket,thegoodsofferedforsaleareallexactlythesame.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
4-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
PerfectcompetitionTOP:
Perfectcompetition
MSC:
Definitional
11.Inaperfectlycompetitivemarket,buyersandsellersarepricesetters.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
4-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
PerfectcompetitionTOP:
Perfectcompetition
MSC:
Definitional
12.Allgoodsandservicesaresoldinperfectlycompetitivemarkets.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
4-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
PerfectcompetitionTOP:
Perfectcompetition
MSC:
Definitional
13.Ifagoodorservicehasonlyoneseller,thentheselleriscalledamonopoly.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
4-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
MonopolyTOP:
MonopolyMSC:
Definitional
14.Monopolistsarepricetakers.
ANS:
FDIF:
2REF:
4-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
MonopolyTOP:
MonopolyMSC:
Interpretive
15.LocalcableTVcompaniesfrequentlyaremonopolists.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
4-1
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
MonopolyTOP:
MonopolyMSC:
Definitional
16.Thequantitydemandedofaproductistheamountthatbuyersarewillingandabletopurchaseataparticularprice.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Quantitydemanded
MSC:
Definitional
17.Thelawofdemandistrueformostgoodsintheeconomy.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Lawofdemand
MSC:
Definitional
18.Thelawofdemandstatesthat,otherthingsequal,whenthepriceofagoodrises,thequantitydemandedofthegoodrises,andwhenthepricefalls,thequantitydemandedfalls.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Lawofdemand
MSC:
Definitional
19.Thedemandcurveistheupward-slopinglinerelatingpriceandquantitydemanded.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Demandcurve
MSC:
Definitional
20.Individualdemandcurvesaresummedhorizontallytoobtainthemarketdemandcurve.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Marketdemandcurve
MSC:
Definitional
21.Themarketdemandcurveshowshowthetotalquantitydemandedofagoodvariesastheincomeofbuyersvaries,whilealltheotherfactorsthataffecthowmuchconsumerswanttobuyareheldconstant.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Marketdemandcurve
MSC:
Definitional
22.Ifsomethinghappenstoalterthequantitydemandedatanygivenprice,thenthedemandcurveshifts.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Demandcurve
MSC:
Definitional
23.Amovementupwardandtotheleftalongagivendemandcurveiscalledadecreaseindemand..
ANS:
FDIF:
2REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Demandcurve
MSC:
Interpretive
24.Anincreaseindemandshiftsthedemandcurvetotheleft.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Demandcurve
MSC:
Definitional
25.Ifthedemandforagoodfallswhenincomefalls,thenthegoodiscalledaninferiorgood.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Normalgoods
MSC:
Definitional
26.WhenMario'sincomedecreases,hebuysmorepasta.ForMario,pastaisanormalgood.
ANS:
FDIF:
2REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Inferiorgoods
MSC:
Applicative
27.Adecreaseinincomewillshiftthedemandcurveforaninferiorgoodtotheright.
ANS:
TDIF:
2REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Inferiorgoods
MSC:
Interpretive
28.Anincreaseinthepriceofasubstitutegoodwillshiftthedemandcurveforagoodtotheright.
ANS:
TDIF:
2REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Substitutes
MSC:
Interpretive
29.Baseballsandbaseballbatsaresubstitutegoods.
ANS:
FDIF:
2REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Complements
MSC:
Applicative
30.Adecreaseinthepriceofacomplementwillshiftthedemandcurveforagoodtotheleft.
ANS:
FDIF:
2REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Complements
MSC:
Interpretive
31.Whenanincreaseinthepriceofonegoodlowersthedemandforanothergood,thetwogoodsarecalledcomplements.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Complements
MSC:
Definitional
32.Cocoaandmarshmallowsarecomplements,soadecreaseinthepriceofcocoawillcauseanincreaseinthedemandformarshmallows.
ANS:
TDIF:
2REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Complements
MSC:
Applicative
33.Ifapersonexpectsthepriceofsockstoincreasenextmonth,thenthatperson’scurrentdemandforsockswillincrease.
ANS:
TDIF:
2REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Expectations
MSC:
Applicative
34.Adecreaseinthepriceofaproductandanincreaseinthenumberofbuyersinthemarketaffectthedemandcurveinthesamegeneralway.
ANS:
FDIF:
2REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Demandcurve
MSC:
Interpretive
35.Wheneveradeterminantofdemandotherthanpricechanges,thedemandcurveshifts.
ANS:
TDIF:
2REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Demandcurve
MSC:
Interpretive
36.Anincreaseinthepriceofpizzawillshiftthedemandcurveforpizzatotheleft.
ANS:
FDIF:
2REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Demandcurve
MSC:
Applicative
37.Publicserviceannouncements,mandatoryhealthwarningsoncigarettepackages,andtheprohibitionofcigaretteadvertisingontelevisionareallpoliciesaimedatshiftingthedemandcurveforcigarettestotheright.
ANS:
FDIF:
2REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Demandcurve
MSC:
Applicative
38.Moststudieshavefoundthattobaccoandmarijuanaarecomplementsratherthansubstitutes.
ANS:
TDIF:
2REF:
4-2
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Complements
MSC:
Applicative
39.Thequantitysuppliedofagoodorserviceistheamountthatsellersarewillingandabletosellataparticularprice.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
4-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Quantitysupplied
MSC:
Definitional
40.Whenthepriceofagoodishigh,sellingthegoodisprofitable,andsothequantitysuppliedislarge.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
4-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Lawofsupply
MSC:
Definitional
41.Whenthepriceofagoodislow,sellingthegoodisprofitable,andsothequantitysuppliedislarge.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
4-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Lawofsupply
MSC:
Definitional
42.Pricecannotfallsolowthatsomesellerschoosetosupplyaquantityofzero.
ANS:
FDIF:
2REF:
4-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Quantitysupplied
MSC:
Interpretive
43.Thelawofsupplystatesthat,otherthingsequal,whenthepriceofagoodrises,thequantitysuppliedofthegoodfalls.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
4-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Lawofsupply
MSC:
Definitional
44.Thelawofsupplystatesthat,otherthingsequal,whenthepriceofagoodfalls,thequantitysuppliedfallsaswell.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
4-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Lawofsupply
MSC:
Definitional
45.Ifahigherpricemeansagreaterquantitysupplied,thenthesupplycurveslopesupward.
ANS:
TDIF:
1REF:
4-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Supplycurve
MSC:
Definitional
46.Individualsupplycurvesaresummedverticallytoobtainthemarketsupplycurve.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
4-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Marketsupplycurve
MSC:
Definitional
47.Themarketsupplycurveshowshowthetotalquantitysuppliedofagoodvariesasinputpricesvary,holdingconstantalltheotherfactorsthatinfluenceproducers’decisionsabouthowmuchtosell.
ANS:
FDIF:
1REF:
4-3
NAT:
AnalyticLOC:
SupplyanddemandTOP:
Marketsupplycurve
MSC:
Definitional
48.Ifsomethinghappenstoalterthequantitysuppliedatanygivenprice,thenwe
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