高考英语总复习实用精品学案 高考语法专题 名词性从句 新人教版.docx
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高考英语总复习实用精品学案 高考语法专题 名词性从句 新人教版.docx
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高考英语总复习实用精品学案高考语法专题名词性从句新人教版
2019-2020年高考英语总复习实用精品学案高考语法专题名词性从句新人教版
考纲新研读
名词性从句包括宾语从句,主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
重点考查宾语从句,其次是同位语从句、表语从句和主语从句,通常考查引导这些从句的引导词的选择。
1.由what,whatever引导的名词性从句。
例如:
What(=Thethingwhich)youneedismorepractice.(主语从句)
Whatever(=Anythingthat)wassaidheremustbekeptsecret.
(主语从句)
Asiaisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.(表语从句)
Thisiswhatwearefirmlyagainst.(表语从句)
I’llshowyouwhatIhavecollected.(宾语从句)
We’llgiveyouwhateveryouwant.(宾语从句)
2.由that引导的名词性从句(陈述句)。
例如:
Thatshewaschosenmadeusveryhappy.(主语从句)
Thatthishashappenedisnotyourfault.(主语从句)
ItiswellknownthatChinaisadevelopingcountry.(主语从句)
Itisapitythatshehasmadesuchamistake.(主语从句)
Mr.Green’ssuggestionisthatwestarttheworkatonce.
(表语从句)
Thereasonwhyshewaslatewasthatshewascaughtinthe
rain.(表语从句)
Thelettersays(that)theyareleavingonthe13th.(宾语从句)
Shetoldmethatshewasillandthathermotherwouldn’tlet
hergo.(宾语从句)
3.由who,whoever,which,when,why,how,however等和whether
引导的名词性从句,由特殊疑问句和一般疑问句转变而来,用
陈述语序。
例如:
Whowillgoisnotimportant.(主语从句)
Whoever(=Anyonewho)breaksthelawwillbepunished.(主语
从句)
Whentheywillstarthasnotbeendecidedyet.(主语从句)
Whethershewilleornotisstillaquestion.(主语从句)
Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.(表语从句)
Itlookedasifitwasgoingtorain.(表语从句)
Thatiswhyhewaslate.(表语从句)
Youcangivethebooktowhoeverneedsit.(宾语从句)
Idon’tknowwheretheyhavegone.(宾语从句)
Iwonderifyoucanexaminehimnow.(宾语从句)
I’mafraidIhavemadeaseriousmistake.(宾语从句)
Youdon’tknowhowtiredIam(=Iamverytired).(宾语从句)
4.同位语从句
有些名词(idea,news,fact,promisehope,belief,thought等)后面
跟一个句子,说明其具体内容,由that引导,不能省略,不做成
分,也可由how,when等引导。
例如:
Fathermadeapromisethathewouldbuymeabike.
Therecanbenodoubtthatheisfitforthejob.
同位语从句也可与其修饰的词隔开。
例如:
Wordcamethatourteamhadwon.
Yoursuggestionisreasonablethatweshouldstarttheworkat
once.
高考新剖析
1.Itisobvioustothestudents____________theyshouldgetwell
preparedfortheirfuture.[xx年高考天津卷]
A.asB.whichC.whetherD.that
2.Agoodfriendofminefrom____________Iwasbornshowedup
atmyhomerightbeforeIleftforBeijing.[xx年高考安徽卷]
A.howB.whomC.whenD.which
3.Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists____________theearthis
beingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.[xx年高考江西卷]
A.whatB.whichC.thatD.though
D
C
C
4.Ashisbestfriend,Icanmakeaccurateguessesabout
____________hewilldoorthink.[xx年高考上海卷]
A.whatB.whichC.whomD.that
5.Ithasbeenproved____________eatingvegetablesinchildhood
helpstoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessesinlaterlife.
[xx年高考上海卷]
A.ifB.becauseC.whenD.that
6.Thetraditionalviewis_________wesleepbecauseourbrainis
“programmed”tomakeusdoso.
A.whenB.whyC.whetherD.that
7.Theseasideheredrawsalotoftouristseverysummer.Warm
sunshineandsoftsandsmake____________itis.
A.whatB.whichC.howD.where
A
D
D
A
8.Youcanonlybesureof____________youhaveatpresent;you
can’tbesureofsomething____________youmightgetinthe
future.
A.that;whatB.what;不填
C.which;thatD.不填;that
9.Havingcheckedthedoorswereclosed,and_________allthe
lightswereoff,theboyopenedthedoortohisbedroom.
A.whyB.thatC.whenD.where
10._________parentssayanddohasalife-longeffectontheir
children.
A.ThatB.WhichC.WhatD.As
精题新探究
1.I’mwondering____________youwouldcaretospendthe
eveningwithus.
A.ifB.thatC.whatD.when
2.Thereissomedoubt____________Johnwilleontime.
A.thatB.whetherC.whichD.when
B
B
C
A
B
3.Inordertoencouragethestudentstostudyhard,the
schoolmasterwillgivethescholarshipto____________gotthe
firstprizeintheexam.
A.whoB.whoeverC.thatD.whom
4.____________theywereintruthsisterswasclearfromthe
facialsimilaritybetweenthem.
A.WhyB.WhetherC.ThatD.What
5.____________ourweatherwillbelikeinthefutureishardto
predict,butscientistsareworkinghardtofindout.
A.WhatB.ThatC.WhetherD.Which
6.Anideaoccurredtome____________Imightturntomy
Englishteacherforhelp.
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when
7.Thethicksmogcoveredthewholecity.Itwas____________a
greatblackblankethadbeenthrownoverit.
A.whatB.becauseC.asifD.evenif
B
C
A
B
C
8.WordcamefromMr.Smith____________hecouldarriveon
thefollowingSaturday.
A.aboutwhichB.that
C.whetherD.ofwhich
9.Itwasthebelief____________AlexHaleycouldfindhis“root”
inAfrica____________madehimdecidetogotoGambia.
A.that;whereB.where;that
C.that;thatD.how;which
10.____________themanagersaidsuggestedthathehadn’t
decided____________tohaveatalkwiththemornot.
A.What;ifB.Whether;what
C.What;whetherD.That;whether
11.____________shecouldn’tunderstandwas____________she
couldn’tfinishherworkontime.
A.Why;thatB.What;because
C.What;whyD.That;what
B
C
C
C
12.____________Lilywasinvitedtothepartymadehervery
excited.
A.WhatB.ThatC.IfD.Because
13.Hesaidweshouldfinishtheworktoday,andthisis
____________Idisagree.
A.whyB.whereC.whatD.how
14.Canyoutellme____________youwouldliketohaveyour
coffee—blackorwhite?
A.whereB.whichC.whatD.how
15.Actually,girlscanbe____________theywanttobejustlike
boys,whetheritisapilot,anastronaut,orageneralmanager.
A.whereverB.however
C.whoeverD.whatever
B
B
D
D
2019-2020年高考英语总复习实用精品学案高考语法专题定语从句新人教版
考纲新研读
考查的重点是介词+关系代词which,whom引导的定语从句;非限制性定语从句也时有考查。
1.限制性定语从句
句子作定语,由关系代词和关系副词引导,被修饰部
分叫先行词。
(1)关系代词:
that,which,who,whom,whose,在句子中
作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。
that,指人或物:
Whoisthemanthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?
Thefinger(that)Iputintomymouthwasnottheone
(that)I
haddippedintothecup.
which,指物:
Achemical’sshopisashopwhichsellsmedicine.(作主语)
Thefilm(which)wesawlastnightwaswonderful.(作宾语)
who,whom,whose,指人,分别做主语、宾语和定语:
Themanwhovisitedourclassyesterdayisournewheadmaster.
Who’stheman(whom)youjusttalkedto?
Thisistheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.
介词后指人用whom,指物用which。
介词可提前,也可在后;在后时可用who,that,也可省略:
Thisistheroominwhichwelivedlastyear.
=Thisistheroom
(which/that)welivedinlastyear.
Who’sthemanwithwhomyoujustshookhands?
=Who’sthe
man(who/whom/that)youjustshookhandswith?
但是固定搭配,介词不能提前:
Isthisthebookwhichshewaslookingfor?
(2)关系副词:
when,where,why,在定语从句中分别作时间、地点
和原因状语。
when,指时间:
Istillrememberthedaywhen(onwhich)IfirstcametoBeijing.
比较:
IstillrememberthedaythatIspentinBeijing.
where,指地点:
Thisisthehousewhere(inwhich)Ilivedtwoyearsago.
比较:
ThisisthehousethatIboughttwoyearsago.
why,指原因:
在“reason”后:
Thereasonwhyhewaslateisthatthecarbrokedownontheway.
比较:
Thereasonthathegaveusisnotreasonable.
(3)thesame...as;such...as引导的定语从句:
ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.
Youshouldpaymoreattentiontosuchmistakesasyoumadelast
time.
Thisissuchaninterestingbookaseveryonelikestoread.
(4)定语从句典例:
LiHuaisoneoftheboyswhoareneverlateforschool.
(who指boys)
李华是从不迟到的男孩之一。
LiHuaistheonlyoneoftheboyswhoisneverlateforschool.
(who指one)
李华是男孩中唯一从不迟到的。
Isthisnewteachingbuildingtheoneyouvisitedlastnight?
(变为陈述句后,is移到building之后。
)
Isthisthenewteachingbuildingyouvisitedlastnight?
(变为陈述句后,is移到this之后。
)
Whoisthemanthatistalkingwithourteacher?
(为避免重复,用that不用who)
(5)定语从句应注意的几点:
A.that引导的定语从句与that引导的同位语从句的区别:
Thefactthatwetalkedaboutisveryimportant.
(that引导的是定语从句,that作宾语,可省略。
)
ThefactthattheChineseinventedthepassisknownto
all.
(that引导的是同位语从句,that不作成分,不能省略,句子
介绍的是fact的具体内容。
)
B.用that不用which:
两者都可表物,大部分情况可通用,但下
列情况例外:
先行词为all,few,much,little,nothing,everything,anything等:
Allthatmustbedonehasbeendone.
ThereislittlethatIcandoforyou.
先行词被all,few,little,any,thevery,theonly,first,second,
last或形容词的最高级修饰时:
That’stheonlythingthatwecandonow.
ThisisthebestnovelthatIhaveeverread.
先行词既有人也有物时:
Myfatherandhisteachertalkedofthingsandpersons(that)
theyrememberedintheschool.
C.用which不用that:
指物,在介词后或引导非限制性定语从句:
I’llneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedthearmy.
Thatwastheway(inwhich)shelookedafterus.
Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedalloverthe
world.
2.非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的定语,而非限制性定语从句
只是附加说明,如果去掉,主句意思仍然清楚。
非限制性定语从
句用逗号与主句隔开,由which,who,whom,whose,where,when、
等引导:
Hisbrother,whoisaPLAman,wrotetohim.(只有一个哥哥)
HisbrotherwhoisaPLAmanwrotetohim.(不只一个哥哥)
Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedalloverthe
world.
We’llputofftheoutinguntilnextweek,whenwewon’tbeso
busy.
Hetookoutapieceofpaper,onwhichwerewrittensomewords.
Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.
比较:
“他有两个女儿,其中一个是护士。
”
Hehastwodaughters,oneofwhomworksasanurse.
(非限制性定语从句)
Hehastwodaughters,andoneofthemworksasanurse.(并列句)
另外,as和which引导非限制性定语从句,可代替整个句子,as指熟知的内容,引导的句子可在句首、句中和句尾;而which指没想到的事情或客观事实,且只能在句尾。
比较:
Asisknowntoall,TaiwanbelongstoChina.
Theearth,asweknow,goesaroundthesun.
Heisagainsttheidea,ascanbeexpected.
HehastoworkonSundays,which
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