高中英语语法分类归纳练习与分析精华版.docx
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高中英语语法分类归纳练习与分析精华版.docx
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高中英语语法分类归纳练习与分析精华版
2020年高考英语语法分类归纳、练习与分析(精华版)
一.Tensesandvoices
A.现在完成时:
1)表示过去某时发生的行为对主语目前产生的影响。
即用过去发生的某个行为来说明现在的某种情况。
往往含有“已经……”,“已经……了”的意思。
Eg.Don’tthinkanymoreaboutit.Ihavedecidednottohelpyou.
Ihaveexperiencedthatbefore,soIknowhowtodealwithit.
2)到目前为止已发生的。
与sofar,uptillnow,inthepast/last…….days/years,today,thismonth/year等“包括现在在内的时间状语”连用。
Mybrotherisanactor.Hehasappearedinseveralfilmssofar.
Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthisareaintherecentyears.
3)表示过去开始的动作或状态延续到现在。
与for…/since连用。
Hehasworkedinthesouthfortenyears/sincetenyearsago.
Compare
(1):
完成进行时表示过去开始的动作一直在进行,直至现在。
Hehasbeenworkingonthisprojectsincelastmonth.
(2)过去时态:
指发生在过去某段时间内的事。
Heonceworkedinthesouthfortenyears(现在不在南方)
(3)过去完成时态:
指发生在过去某个时间以前的动作或状态。
常与by/bytheendof..(到了……的时候”连用。
例如:
1)Bythetimewegottothetheatre,theyhadsoldallthetickets.
2)Howmanywordshadyouleanedbytheendoflastyear?
Practice:
1.Itisreportedthatthepresidentonce______intheVietNam’swarforthreeyearsfrom1966-1970.
A.servedB.hadservedC.hasservedD.wasserving
2.---NooneansweredwhenIcalledat6yesterday.
---I________torockmusicandwasabsorbedinit.
AlistenedBwaslisteningC.haslistenedD.hadlistened
3.Iwasn’tpayingattentiontowhathewastalkingabout,soIamafraidI___hisspeechverywell.
A.hadnotunderstoodB.hasnotunderstood
C.didnotunderstandD.don’tunderstand
4.I_____goodattabletennis,butIhaven’tplayeditforages.
A.amB.wasC.hasbeenD.usedtobe
5.I_________whereshegetshermoneyallthesedays.
A.amoftenwonderingB.oftenwondered
C.hadoftenwonderedD.haveoftenwondered
6.---Tellmewhat_______whileIwasabsent.
---AthieftriedtobreakintothehousewhenI_______inyourhouse.
A.happened/stayedB.washappening/wasstaying
C.happened/wasstayingD.washappening/stayed
7.---YouarealwayswatchingTV.
---OnlyonSundays.Andnobody______itbutyou.
A.knowsB.hasknownC.knewD.isknowing
8.Whentheoldman______towalkbacktohishouse,thesun_____itselfbehindthemountain.
A.started;hadalreadyhiddenB.hadstarted;hadalreadyhidden
C.hadstarted;washidingD.wasstarting;hid
9.Yearsagowedidn'tknowthis,butrecentscience______thatpeoplewhodon'tsleepwellsoongetill.A.showedB.hasshownC.willshowD.isshowing
10.It______forweeksbeforethefirstcoldwavestruckthearea.
A.rainedB.wasrainingC.hasrainedD.hadbeenraining
Keys:
1)a2)b.3)c4)a5)过去到现在d6)c7)a(经常性)8)a9)b与现在有联系10)d
二、SubjunctiveMood(虚拟语气)
1.Itisimportantthathe__________thecollegeentranceexamination.
A.shouldattendB.willattendC.mustattendD.hadtoattend
8.Don’tcomethismorning.Iwouldratheryou________thedayaftertomorrow.
A.comeB.cameC.aretocomeD.willcome
3._________forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmsooften.
A.IfitisnotB.WereitnotC.haditnotbeenD.Iftheywerenot
4.---DidyoumeetwiththefamousspaceheroYanLiwei?
---________Ihadcomehereearlier!
A.ButforB.IfnotC.ForfearD.Ifonly
5.Withoutelectricityhumanlife__________quitedifficulttoday.
A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe
(分析:
1.A虚拟语气的一种,句式Itisnecessary/strange/importantthat…shoulddo2.B3.Chaditnotbeen=ifitnothadbeen4.D.Ifonly=Iwish要是…该多好啊5.D)
三、非谓语:
(todo/doing/done)(ByYuan)
1.Todo(tobedone)/doing/done作状语的区别:
Todo(tobedone):
作目的状语,结果状语(特定句型)
Doing(beingdone,havingdone)/done:
作伴随、时间、原因、让步、结果状语等。
1)completethetaskaheadoftime,theykeptworkingthroughoutthenight.
2)Thespybrokeintothebank,onlyfindtwopolicemenwaitingforhimwithagun.
3)Hehurriedbackhome,leavepilesofworkunfinished.
4)Defeattimeandagain,hestilldidn’tloseheart.
(分析:
1)To/Inordertocomplete目的2)onlytofind后接todo形式,表示一种未预料的结果3)leaving结果4)Defeated让步)
2.Todo(tobedone)/doing/done作定语的区别:
Todo(tobedone):
多表示未完成的动作,和某些特定句型
doing:
(beingdone):
表示正在进行和经常性的动作
done:
被动,完成的动作和经常性的动作
1)Thecommandergaveanorderattacktheenemybeforedawn.
2)WhowerethefirstpeoplereachAmericancontinent.
3)Peopleliveinthisareafeedonrice.
4)Areasstrikebyahurricaneareusuallyinamessbeforethingsreturntonormal.
(分析:
1)toattack未完成2)toreach特定句型first/second等序数词之后3)living主动经常性4)struck/stricken被动、经常性)
3.Todo/tobedone与tohavedone/tohavebeendone:
后者表示动作发生在主动词之前。
1)Atthemomenttheyarepreparingfortheconcertholdinafortnighttime.
2)ThenovelisreportedtranslateintoGermanalready.
3)Hewishedpraiseatthemeetingheldthedaybefore.
4)Iamglad____________(meet)you.Ihopetoseeyousoon.
(分析:
1)tobeheld2)tohavebeentranslated3)tohavebeenpraised4)tohavemet)
4.doing/beingdone/havingdone与done
doing:
主动、进行或经常性的动作、状态beingdone:
被动、进行或经常性
havingdone:
主动,完成于主动词之前
done:
被动,完成的动作、或经常性的动作、状态
1)Whenheat,icewillturnintowater.
2)Whilewanderinthestreet,hecameacrossanoldfriendofhis.
3)Themanagerspokeattheconference,___expresshissatisfactionwiththeproject.
4)______wipethetable,thewaitressaskedthecoupletobeseated.
5)______raisegeeseforyears,hebecameanexpertatkeepinggeese.
6)Thebook_____publishlastmonthisongrammar.
7)Theproject_____carryoutthesedaysistobecompletedbytheendofthisyear.
(分析:
1)heated2)wandering3)expressing4)Havingwiped5)Havingraised6)published7)beingcarriedout)
5.下列动词后只能接动名词(-ing):
suggest,finish,avoid,stop,can’thelp,mind,enjoy,require,practise,miss,escape,pardon,advise,consider,imagine,keep,appreciate,escape,permit。
Practice(ByLi&Que)
1.Thepartywassuccessful,butwethoughtitapitynot__________you.
A.tohaveinvitedB.invitingC.toinviteD.invited
2.--IfMarydoesn’tcometoworkontime,shemaybefired.
--Surelysheisnotsofoolish___________it.
A.asnottorealizeB.notastorealize
C.thatshedidn’trealizeD.asnotrealizing
3.Thepicure________onthewallispaintedbymybrother.
A.havinghungB.hangingC.hangsD.beinghung
4.Iappreciate_____________meduringthedebate.
A.ofyoursupportingB.youtosupport
C.yoursupportingD.toyoursupporting
5.Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only___________thefilmstarshadgone.
A.tellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told
6.Iknowwhatkindofbossheis,soIknowwhat___________ofhim.
A.expctedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects
7.__________madeallofthemmuchdisappointed.
A.HernotcomingbackB.hernottocomeback
C.NotherreturningD.Notherbeingback
8.MrsSmithwarnedherdaughter________________afterdrinking.
A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriveC.neverdrivingD.neverdrive
9.Theboywantedtoswiminthelake,buthismothertoldhim_____________.
A.nottoB.nottodoC.nottodoitD.donotto
10.Iregret__________youthatweareunabletoofferyouthejob.
A.informB.havinginformedC.toinformD.informed
11.Theflowers_________sweetinthebotanicalgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.
A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt
12.Don’tusewords,expressions,orphrases___________onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.
A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known
13.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp____________intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.
A.topursueB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded
14.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget________bythehour.
A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay
16.Anumberofnewmachineswereinstalledinthefactory,thus__________anincreaseinproduction.
A.toresultinB.resultsC.resultinginD.resultedin
17.Itshamesmetosayit,butItoldaliewhen__________atthemeetingbymyboss.
A.questioningB.havingquestioned
C.questionedD.tobequestioned
18.__________,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.
A.HehadbeentoldmanytimesB.havingbeentoldmanytimes
C.toldmanytimesD.Althoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes
19.___________comfortablyinherarmchair,theoldladyenjoyedlightmusicontheMP3withhereyeshalf________.
A.Seated;closedB.Sat;closing
C.Seating;closedD.sitting;close
20.___________madethestudent__________interestinhisstudy.
A.Beingpunished;toloseB.Punished;lose
C.Beingpunished;loseD.havingbeenpunished;lose
21.Whatworriedthechildmostwas___________tovisithismotherinthehospital.
A.hisnotallowingB.hisnotbeingallowed
C.hisbeingnotallowedD.havingnotbeenallowed
22.Allthemanagersagreedthatthematterrequired_____________.
A.tolookintoB.beinglookedinto
C.tobelookedintoD.lookinginto
23.Ifeelitisyourhusbandwho____________forthespoiledchild.
A.istoblameB.isgoingtoblame
C.istobeblamedD.shouldblame.
24.Shehadnochoicebut___________totheend.
A.fightB.tofightC.fightingD.fought
25.Withoutfacts,wecannotformaworthwhileopinion,forweneedfactualknowledge_______ourthinking.
A.whichtobebasedonB.onwhichtobase
C.whichtobaseuponD.towhichtobebased
(keys:
1.A2.A动词不定式的否定nottodo3.Bhang“挂”表状态时用主动
4.C5.BOnlytodo表令人失望的结果6.B(expectsthofsb期待某人…eg.Don’texpecttoomachofher(不要对她期望过高)7.A8.A9.A动词不定式的省略10Cregretdoing后悔做过….regrettodo对将做的事表示遗憾.11.Bsmelling做定语12.D13.Ccan’thelpdoing/beingdone情不自禁做…14.Cgetdone=bedone16.Cdoing表结果17.C18.A注意but应连接句子19.A20Cdoing的被动beingdone做主语done不能做主语21.B22.Drequire/need/wantdoing=require/needtobedone23.A.句式sb/sthistoblame((主动表被动)24.B25.B介词+which
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