涉外英语合同的语言特色.docx
- 文档编号:23838161
- 上传时间:2023-05-21
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:11
- 大小:21.31KB
涉外英语合同的语言特色.docx
《涉外英语合同的语言特色.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《涉外英语合同的语言特色.docx(11页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
涉外英语合同的语言特色
涉外英语合同的语言特色
一、多用正式或法律上的用词,比如:
AttherequestofPartyB,PartyAagreestosendtechnicianstoassistPartyBtoinstalltheequipment.
应乙方要求,甲方同意派遣技术人员帮助乙方安装设备。
assist较help正式;
Attherequestofsb,
Theperformancewasrepeatedattherequestoftheaudience
Atthetopofthetree,
Hehadgottothetopofthetreebeforehewas30
Isawthebirdattheverytopofthetree
Sheisatthepeakofherpopularity
Heisatthepeakofhiscareer.
Manyofthesiteslaunchedatthepeakoftheinternetboomhavedisappeared.
Shewasatthepeakofherplayingcareerwhensheinjuredherself
Atitspeak,thismineproduced5000tonsofcoaladay
Thecrisiswasnowatitspeak.
Thetrafficreachesitspeakat7am.
Athispeakhewasthebestplayerintheworld.
Theshareindexrosetoanewall-timepeakof2732.
Thereareextrabusesatpeaktime(extrabusesareputonduringrushhours)
Theflowoftrafficisalwaysslowatrushhours
Thisisthepeaktimefordinner
Itismostexpensivetoadvertiseatpeakviewingtime
Theytake660-secondslotsatpeakviewingtime
ThepersonnelshallnottopartakeinanypoliticalactivitiesinIraq.
所有人员不得参加伊拉克国内的任何政治活动。
partakein较takepartin正式;
Visitorscanpartakeingolfing
Wedonotonlymeettoshareeachother’sburdens,butalsotopartakeineachother’sjoys
Partakeineachother’sjoysandsorrows
Shehadpartakenofacheesesandwich
Wouldyoucaretopartakeofsomerefreshment?
TheEmployershallrendercorrecttechnicalguidancetothepersonnel.
雇主应该对有关人员给予正确技术指导。
render较give正式;
moneyservesasarewardforservicesrendered
Theywillrenderblowforblow
Renderassistancetothoseshethoughtinrealneed
Renderincometaxreturns
Therainsrenderedhisescapeimpossible
Thisactionwouldrendertheagreementinvalid
Thedictionarymayserveasapillow
Difficultcircumstancesserveasatextbookoflifeforpeople
PartyAshallrepatriatethepatienttoChinaandbearthecostofhispassagetoGuangzhou.
甲方应将病人遣返中国并负责其返回广州的旅费。
repatriate较sendback正式;
Foreignfirmswouldbepermittedtorepatriateallprofits
Therefugeeswererepatriated.
ThisContractshallbegovernedbyandconstruedinaccordancewiththelawsofChina.
本合同受中国法律管辖,并按中国法律解释。
construe较explain,interpret正式;
TheEmployermayobjecttoandrequiretheContractortoreplaceforthwithanyofitsauthorizedrepresentativeswhoisincompetent.
雇主认为承包人委派的授权代表不合格时,可以反对并要求立即撤换。
require较ask正式;公文体forthwith较atonce正式;
Leadingrepresentative,mainrepresentative,
Seniorrepresentative,solerepresentative
Appointedrepresentative,electedrepresentative
Permanentrepresentative,officialrepresentative
Weundertaketopayforthwiththemoneyrequired
Theseviolationsofthecodemustceaseforthwith
Theabovearetoreporttomeforthwith
TheChairpersonmayconveneaninterimmeetingbasedonaproposalmadebyone-thirdofthetotalnumberofdirectors.
董事长可以根据董事会过1/3董事的提议而召集临时董事会议。
convene,interim都是正式用词。
Herjobwasdonebyherdeputyintheinterimbeforeshereturnedtowork
Interimmeasures,government,committee,report,agreement,meeting,report
Ourcompanywillconveneameeting
DoestheUNconveneeveryyear?
Incaseonepartydesirestosellorassignallorpartofitsinvestmentsubscribed,theotherpartyshallhavethepreemptiveright.
如一方想出售或转让其投资之全部或部分,另一方有优先购买权。
法律用词assign较transfer正式.
Assignsbthetask
Assignsbthismission
Sbhasbeenassignedtoanewjob
AssignthevictorytoTom
AttributethevictorytoTom
Iassignmysuccesstopureluck
Ourteachersassigntoomuchhomework
Itisimpossibletoassignanyreasonforhisfailure
Thedoctorcouldnotassignacauseforherillness
Heattributedthefirm’ssuccesstotheeffortsofthemanagingdirector
ThebombingwasattributedtotheIRA
Inprocessingtransactions,themanufacturersshallneverhavetitleeithertothematerialsorthefinishedproducts.
加工贸易中,厂方无论是对原料还是成品都无所有权。
法律用词title较ownership正式.
Theterm"Effectivedate"meansthedateonwhichthisAgreementisdulyexecutedbythepartieshereto.
“生效期”指双方合同签字的日子。
法律用词execute较sign正式.
Thewillwasdulyexecuted
Theydulyattendedourmeeting
与口头表述不同,合同是法律性的正式书面文件,使用正式的、法律的用词是必要的。
合同起草者应多加强这方面的学习。
用词方面
(2)
二、多使用"here","there","where"等前缀:
hereafter=afterthistime;今后
hereby=bymeans/reasonofthis;特此
Iherebyacknowledgereceiptofyourletterof25July
Iherebypronounceyoumanandwife
WeherebyrevoketheagreementofJanuary1st
Iherebyresignmyoffice
Noticeisherebygiven.
herein=inthis;此中,于此
Peoplehavenofaithintheirgovernment,andhereinliestherootoftheproblem
exceptatotherwiseprovidedherein
exceptasotherwiseprovidedbylaws
法律另有规定的除外。
Exceptasotherwiseagreedbytheparties
hereinafter=laterinthiscontract;在下文
grievousbodilyharm(hereinafterGBH)
grievous
thereafter=afterwards;此后,后来
thereafterweheardnomoreaboutit
thereby=bythatmeans;因此;由此;在那方面
therein=fromthat;在那里;在那点上
thereinafter=laterinthesamecontract;以下;在下文
whereby=bywhat;bywhich;由是;凭那个
wherein=inwhat;inwhich;在哪里;在哪点上
……
是不是有点头昏眼花?
初学时确实容易搞混,告诉你个小窍门,here代表this,there代表that,where代表what/which,就容易记多了。
用词方面(3)
三、多用"shall"代替"will"或"should"加强语气和强制力。
ThisContractshallbecomeeffectiveuponandfromthedateonwhichitissigned.
本合同签字生效。
ThisContractshallbewritteninEnglishinfourcopies.Eachpartyshallkeeptwocopies.
本合同应以英文写成,一式四份,双方各持两份。
合同中,shall并非单纯表示将来时,而常用来表示法律上可强制执行的义务,具有约束力,宜译为“应”、“应该”、“必须”;will无论语气还是强制力要比shall弱,宜译为“将”、“原”、“要”;should通常只用来表示语气较强的假设、比如“万一”。
用语方面
(1)
一、力求严谨,明白无误:
ThefollowingdocumentsshallbedeemedtoformandbereadandconstruedasanintegralpartofthisContract.
下列文件应被认为、读作、解释为本合同的组成部分;
ThisContractcanonlybealtered,amendedorsupplementedinaccordancewithdocumentssignedandsealedbyauthorizedrepresentativesofbothparties.
本合同只能按照双方授权代表签名盖章的文件进行修改或增补;
Asupplementtotheofficialmanual
Asupplementtothisdictionarymaybepublishednextyear
Theyhadtogetajobtosupplementthefamilyincome
AllactivitiesofABCCo.shallbegovernedbythelaws,decreesandpertinentrulesandregulationsofChina.
ABC公司的一切活动必须受中国的法律、法令和有关规章条例的管辖。
Sheaskedmealotofverypertinentquestions
Practitionersmustconsiderallfactorspertinenttoasituation
Remarksnotpertinenttothesubjectunderdiscussion
二、多用主动语态,少用被动语态:
PartyBisherebyappointedbyPartyAasitsexclusivesalesagentinSingapore.(不宜)
乙方被甲方委托为在新加坡的独家销售代理商;
PartyAherebyappointsPartyBasitsexclusivesalesagentinSingapore.(适宜)
甲方委托乙方为在新加坡的独家销售代理商;
三、多用现在时,少用将来时,尽管很多条款规定的是合同签订以后的事项:
LicenseemayterminatethisContract90daysafterawrittennoticethereofissenttoLicensoruponthehappeningofoneofthefollowingevents:
当有下列事件之一发生,被许可人提前90天向许可人发送书面通知后,可以终止合同:
LicensorbecomesinsolventoraliquidatorofLicensorisappointed;
许可人无力偿付债务或其破产清算人以被指定;
ThepatentdescribedinArticle2isnotissuedwithin30daysfromsigningthisContract;and
第二条规定的专利未在签约后30天之内发布;
LicensorfailstoperformitsobligationsunderthisContract.
许可人未能履行其合同义务。
四、直接表达方式用得多,间接表达方式用的较少:
ThisArticledoesnotapplytobondholderswhohavenotbeenpaidinfull.(用得少)
本条款不适用于尚未全部偿付的债券持有者。
ThisArticleappliesonlytobondholderswhohavebeenpaidinfull.(用得多)
本条款只适用于已全部偿付的债券持有者。
五、尽量使用一个动词,避免使用“动词+名词+介词”的同意短语:
PartyAshallappointmakeanappointmentofitsrepresentativewithin30daysaftersigningtheContract.
甲方应于签约后30天内指派其授权代表。
宜用appoint代替makeanappointmentof.
PartyAwillconsidergiveconsiderationtoPartyB'sproposalofexclusiveagency.
甲方愿意考虑乙方独家代理的建议。
宜用consider代替giveconsiderationto.
六、下列特殊用语使用频繁
(1):
WHEREAS鉴于
Whereasthepeopleofthecolonieshavebeenburdenedwithtaxes
Whereasthefollowingincidentshaveoccurred
WHEREAStheEmployerisdesirousthatmanpowercanberenderedavailablefortheconstructionofHigh-RiseResidentialComplexinBaghdad,Iraq;
鉴于雇主欲请劳动力建造伊拉克巴格达的高层住宅综合大楼;
WHEREAStheContractorisdesiroustoprovidethemanpowerfortheWorks;
鉴于承包人想为此工程提供劳动力;
Witness证明
在合同前文中常用作首句的谓语动词:
ThisAgreement,madeby...
Witnesses
WHEREAS...,itisagreedasfollows:
本协议由……签订证明:
鉴于……特此达成协议如下:
InWitnessWhereof以资证明
该短语常用于合同的结尾条款:
INWITNESSWHEREOF,thepartieshaveexecutedthisContractinduplicatebytheirdulyauthorizedrepresentativesonthedatefirstabovewritten.
以资证明,双方授权代表于上面首次写明的日期正式签订本协议一式两份。
六、下列特殊用语使用频繁
(2):
inconsiderationof以……为约因/报酬
约因是英美法系的合同有效成立要件之一,没有则合同不能依法强制履行。
但是,大陆法系的合同则无此规定。
NowTherefore,inconsiderationofthepremisesandthecovenantsherein,contained,thepartiesheretoagreeasfollows:
Itisagreedasfollows:
兹以上述各点和契约所载条款为约因,订约双方协议如下:
InconsiderationofthepaymenttobemadebyPartyAtoPartyB,PartyBherebycovenantswithPartyAtocompletethebuildinginconformitywiththeprovisionsoftheContract.
乙方特此立约向甲方保证按合同规定完成工程建设,以取得甲方所付的报酬。
Conformitycertificate合格证,birthcertificate,marriagecertificate
Washisactioninconformitywiththelaw?
Iactedinconformitywithmyprinciples
Handlecasesinconformitywithlegalprovisions
Behaveinconformitywiththelaw
Inconformitywiththelawofnature
Itisaninevitablelawofnature
Now,Therefore兹特
NOW,THEREFORE,it'sherebyagreedandunderstoodasfollows;
兹特协议和谅解如下:
NowThesePresentsWitness兹特立约为据
本句话也是用于WHEREAS条款之后引出具体协议事项。
PRESENTS=thepresentwritings是主语,WITNESS是谓语:
NowThesePresentsWitnessthatitisherebyagreedbetweenthepartiesheretoasfollows:
兹特立约为据,并由订约双方协议如下:
InThePresenceOf见证
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 涉外 英语 合同 语言 特色
![提示](https://static.bdocx.com/images/bang_tan.gif)