八年级英语上册Unit1知识要点北师大附中XX版新目标.docx
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八年级英语上册Unit1知识要点北师大附中XX版新目标.docx
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八年级英语上册Unit1知识要点北师大附中XX版新目标
八年级英语上册Unit1知识要点(北师大附中XX版新目标)
新目标英语八年级上讲义
Unit1
复合不定代词:
指人:
soeoneanyonenooneeveryone
某人某人,任何人没有人每人
soebodyanybodynobodyeverybod
指物:
soethinganythingnothingeverything
某物某物,任何事物没有东西每件事物
1)复合不定代词做主语,谓语动词用单三.
Ex.Soeoneisaitingforyouatthedoor.
Nobodynostheansertothequestion.
)soe…一般用于肯定句中,any…一般用于否定句和疑问句中.
Ex.Thereissoethingintheroo.
Thereisn’tanythingintheroo.
Isthereanythingintheroo?
Ihavesoethingtodotoday.
Idon’thaveanythingtodotoday.
Thereissoeoneoutsidethedoor.
Thereisn’tanyoneoutsidethedoor.
Isthereanyoneoutsidethedoor?
)在表示邀请,请求,建议希望得到对方肯定回答时,用soe…,不用any…
ouldyouliesoethingtodrin/eat?
)肯定句中anything表示任何事物,anyone=anybody任何人
Ex.Anythingiso.
Icandoanythingforyou.
Anybodynostheanser.
)形容词或todo形式修饰复合不定代词时要后置.
Ex.Thereisnothingrongithycar.
Ihavesoethingiportanttotellyou.
Thereisn’tanythinginterestinghere.
Doyouantsoethingtodrin/eat?
)noteverybody/everyone/everything表示部分否定,意为‘并非都…’
Ex.Noteveryoneliessinging.
Noteverythinggoesell.
notany…和no…表示全部否定
Ex.Helistened,butheardnothing.
Helistened,butdidn’thearanything.
notanything=nothingnotanyone/body=noone/nobod
Ex.Thereisnothinginthebottle.=Thereisn’tanythinginthebottle.
)noone指人,回答ho提问,nooneof…/nobody不能加of
nothing指物,不能加ofnone指人或物,回答Isthere…?
提问
noneof…
Ex.hoisintheroo?
Noone.
Isthereanyoneintheroo?
None.
表地点复合不定副词:
soehereanyhere
某地,肯定句中某地,否定句和疑问句中/任何地方,肯定句中
nohereeveryhere
没有地方到处,每个地方,用于肯定句中
Ex.Ianttogosoehereinteresting.
onderfulad精彩的
Ex.ehadaonderfultieonthebeach.
Itissuchaonderfulfilthateallenjoyit.
ho…
onderv.想知道hat…引导的宾语从句,用陈述句语序
hy…
Ex.Ionderhotheboyis.=Ianttonohotheboyis.
Ionderhattheyaredoing.=Ianttonohattheyaredoing.
onder+特殊疑问词+todo
Ex.Ionderhattodo.=Ianttonohattodo.=IonderhatIshoulddo.
Ionderheretogo./Ionderhotodothat.
几乎没有fe后接可数名词复数
little后接不可数名词
肯afe有一些,后加可数名词复数quiteafe相当多,不少
alittle有点,后加不可数名词quitealittle相当多,不少
onlyafe只有一点
onlyalittle
veryfe非常少
verylittle
Ex.Ihaveafefriends.肯Ihavefefriends.否
Ihavequiteafefriends.
alittle修饰ad=indof=alittlebit
ostofthetie大部分时间
ostofthefood
ostofus/the
ostof+n.=ost+n.
Ex.ostofthestudentslieEnglish.=oststudentslieEnglish.
ofcourse.=Sure.=certainly.当然.
反身代词
人称:
yselfourselves我们自己
第二人称:
yourself你自己yourselves你们自己
第三人称:
hiself他自己herself她自己itself它自己
theselves他们自己
see似乎,好像
)seetobe+形容词/名词=see+形容词/名词似乎…
Ex.Thatseestobeherother.=Thatseesherother.
Itseestobetoodifficult.=Itseestoodifficult.
)seetodosth
Heseestohaveacold.
)Itseesthat+从句.
Itseesthatheishappy.=Heseestobehappy.=Heseeshappy.
adbored感到无聊的修饰人
boring令人厌烦的修饰事或物
Ifeelbored,becausetheovieisboring.
beboredith…对…感到无聊
Ex.I’borediththeboringovie.
0.eep/riteadiary=eep/ritediaries记日记
1.activityn.活动activities复数
Ex.hatactivitiesdidyoufindinteresting?
decide决定
)decidetodosth.决定做某事=aeadecisiontodosth=aeone’sinddoingsth
Theydecidetovisittheuseu.
decidenottodosth决定不要做某事
decide+疑问词+动词不定式
Hecannotdecidehentoleave.
)decide+宾语从句
Hecan’tdecidehenheleaves.
Ican’tdecidehereIshouldgo.改为同义句
Ican’tdecideheretogo.
3.trytodosth.努力尽力去做某事
Ex.youusttrytopasstheexa.
trydoingsth.试着做某事
Ex.Hetriedaingaodelplane.
tryone’sbesttodosth=doone’sbesttodosth尽最大努力做某事
Ex.youshouldtryyourbesttolearnEnglishell.
haveatry试一试tryon试穿
Ex.Letehaveatry.
feellie
)给……的感觉,后接从句
Hefeelslieheissiing.
IfeltlieIasabird.
)feellie想要后接名词/代词/doingsth
feelliedoingsth=anttodosth=ouldlietodosth想要做某事
Doyoufeellietaingaalithe?
Doyouanttotaeaalithe?
)feel+形容词,感到…
Ifeelbored.
loo+adsound+adfeel+ad
loolie+n.soundlie+n.feellie+n.
loo看起来taste尝起
be
sound听起来feel感觉摸起来系动词+ad
sell闻起来see似乎
buildv.建筑n.体格ofediubuild中等身材
buildingn.建筑物,大楼buildern.建筑师
differencen.不同点-----differencesn.复数
differentad不同的bedifferentfro…不同于…=notthesaeas…
Ex.1)chinesenaesaredifferentfroEnglishnaes.=chinesenaesaren’tthesaeasEnglishnaes.
)I’differentfroyou.=I’notthesaeasyou.
)Ican’tseethedifferencesbeteenthebusesinthepicture.
n.不同之处
onthetopofthehill在山顶,面
atthetopofthehill在山顶,点
atthefootofthehill在山脚下
aluptothehilltop径直走向山顶
etop登顶,得
Ex.Healaysestopeveryexa.
aitfor+人或物ait不及物动词,连接for
Ex.I’llaitforyouatthedoor.
Heaitedoveranhourforthetrain.
can’taittodosth迫不及待做某事
Ex.Theonderfulvacation,Ican’tait.
because+从句
becauseof+n./pron./doing
Becausetheeatherasbad,ecouldn’tseeanythingbelo.
Becauseofthebadeather,ecouldn’tseeanythingbelo.
0.enough1)adj足够的,修饰名词做定语
ehaveenoughtietodoourhoeor.
Ihaveenoughoney.
)adv.足够地,充分地,用来修饰形容词或副词,一般置于被修饰词之后
Inohiellenough.我足够了解他。
Herunsfastenough.他跑得足够快。
1.so+adj/adv+that+从句如此…以至于…
too+adj/adv+todosth.太。
。
。
而不能。
。
。
not+adj+enoughtodosth.不足够。
。
。
去做某事
Ex.Heistooyoungtolooafterhiself.
Heissoyoungthathecan’tlooafterhiself.
Heisn’toldenoughtolooafterhiself.
2.hungryad饥饿的——hungern.饥饿inhunger处于饥饿中
Ex.Thereareanychildreninhungerintheorld.
3.as的用法:
⑴as+ad/adv.+as…,意为“像……一样…,如同用来表示程度
Toplayssoccerell,andIplayitasellashi.
Lilysingsasellasasinger.
⑵介词,表示作为,当做
Heorsasateacherfor10years.
⑶连词,意为像,按照
youustdoeverythingasItoldyou.
⑷连词意为“当……的时候”
Asthestudentseretaling,rangcaein.
dislie——lietodosth/doingsth
visit及物动词
visit+人拜访访问
visit+地点参观游览
Ex.earevisitingtheGreatall.
beonavisitto
beonavisitto+人或+地点
eareonavisittotheGreatall.
goonavacation去度假beonavacation在度假
goto+地点+ithsb.和某人一起去某地
Ex.Lasteeend,Ienttotheparithyfaily.
Didyougoithanyone?
gooutithsb.和某人一起出去
hodidyougooutith?
Lonetienosee.好久不见.=It’salongtienottosee.
taephotos=taeaphoto拍照
taeanyphotos
taequiteafephotos
taephotosofsb/sth给…拍照
0.ostofthetie大部分时间
Ex.It’snoisyhereostofthetie.
ostofthefoodgoesbad.
stayathoe呆在家stayhealthy保持健康stayuplate熬夜
tastev.品尝Let’stastethebread.
系动词,尝起来+形容词Thebreadtastesdelicious.
3.haveagoodtie=havefun=enjoyoneself玩的高兴
Ex.eareenjoyingourselvesonthebeach.
Theyareenjoyingtheselvesonthebeach.
Iaenjoyingyselfonthebeach.
haveagoodtie
havefun+doingsth
enjoyoneself
hatdoyouthinof…?
=Hodoyoulie…?
你觉得…怎么样?
buysth.forsb.=buysb.sth.为某人买某物
yotherboughtabiefore.
yotherboughteabie.
goshopping=dosoeshopping去购物
teachoneself=learn…byoneself自学
Helpyourselftosth.随便吃点…
feed喂养
)feed…ithsth用…喂…
Sheisfeedingthebabyithporridge.
)feedon…以…为食
Horsesfeedongrass.
)feedsthto…把…喂给…
Heisfeedinggrasstothehorse.
nothing…but…除了……什么也没有,其后接n/pron/动词原形,只有…
Ex.Ihadnothingbutacupofilthisorning.
IhadnothinguchtodobutatchTV.
0.Nooneseeedtobebored.似乎没人觉得无聊.
1.sayabout….发表……看法
Ex.hatdidshesayaboutthepeoplethere?
2.arrivein+大地方
arriveat+小地方
getto…/reach…
HearrivedinAericanbyplaneyesterday,andIillgettherenextee.
3.感叹句:
Ho+形+主+谓!
Ex.Hofinetheeatheris.
hata/an+形+名词单数+主+谓!
hatafinedayitis!
hat形+名词复数+主+谓!
hatbeautifulgirlstheyare!
4.inthepast在过去
alaround四处漫步
starttodosth=begintodosth
startdoingsth=begindoingsth
Itstartedrainingalittle.
over=orethan超过——lessthan少于
Thereareoverfiftystudentsinourclass.
Therearelessthanfiftystudentsinourclass.
rainhard/heavily下大雨
Itisraininghard.
stopdoingsth.停止做某事
stoptodosth.停下来去做某事
stopsbfrodoingsth.阻止某人做某事
0.another+数词+n.=数词+ore+n.再,又…
Ex.I’hungry,soIfeellieeatinganotheronecae./oneorecae.
1.eepdoingsth.持续做某事
Ex.Heeptstandingatthedoorforanhour.
eepsbdoingsth让某人持续做某事
1.goondoingsth.持续不断的做某事
goontodosth做完一件事,继续做另一个
Ex.Hegoesondoinghishoeor.
AfteratchingTV,hegoesontodohishoeor.
2.insurprise惊奇地
inexciteent兴奋地
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