申论写作范例.docx
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申论写作范例.docx
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申论写作范例
篇一:
申论经典范文
【经典范文】群众路线是制度科学有效性的基石(2012上海a
卷)
孟子说:
民为贵,社稷次之,君为轻。
胡锦涛同志也曾说过:
判断党和政府工作好坏的根本标准,是人民满意不满意,人民答应不答应。
然而在制度设计中,还存着忽视群众意见、漠视群众利益、无视群众力量等突出问题,致使制度的科学性和有效性受到一定影响。
因此,要保障制度科学有效,必须要坚持群众路线不动摇。
要集民智,虚心听取群众意见。
俗话说:
三个臭皮匠,顶个诸葛亮。
党在革命和建设的岁月里,一直注重听取群众意见、汇集众人智慧,使各项制度设计充分吸纳了各界群众的智慧与意见,确保了制度的科学性和有效性。
然而当下,以限塑令为代表,个别部门在制度设计过程中,缺少必要的调查研究,忽视了群众的意见和智慧,导致制度脱离实际,难以执行。
所以,我们要引以为戒,鼓励公众参与制度设计,发表不同意见,才能保障制度的科学性和有效性。
要惠民利,维护群众切身利益。
以人为本,是科学发展观的核心思想,要求我们在工作中要把尊重好、维护好、发展好最广大人民根本利益,视作一切工作的出发点和落脚点。
制度设计的初衷,就是为了更好地维护群众切身利益;而能否维护好群众切身利益,是关系到制度是否科学有效的关键。
然而,在计划生育罚款提成等制度设计过程中,部门本位主义思想依然浓厚,出现了“好事人人管,坏事没人管;有好处就管,没好处就算”等权力越位与缺位并存的现象,背离了制度设计的初衷。
要用民力,发动依靠群众力量。
有首歌唱得好:
老百姓是天,老百姓是地,老百姓是共产党力量的源泉。
在制度设计过程中,不仅要考虑到制度自身的合理性,更要考虑到制度的可执行性。
须知,执行是制度科学性和有效性最集中的体现,是制度设计的生命线,而制度的顺利实施与有效执行,则离不开群众的鼎力支持。
当前食品安全工作领域的“媒体依赖症”,虽然暴露出主管部门的监管缺失,但同样说明了食品安全工作离不开公众特别是媒体的参与配合。
这就是群众的力量,是制度生命力的保障,也是提高制度设计科学有效性的重要力量。
群众路线是党夺取新民主主义革命、社会主义革命和现代化建设胜利的重要法宝,也是保障和增强制度设计科学有效性的基石。
只要我们在制度设计中,能做到集民智、惠民利、用民力,就能形成政民互动、干群互动、上下互动的大好局面,最大限度地获得人民群众的理解与支持,最大限度地增强制度设计的生命力!
(959字)
点评:
公平是收入分配的生命线
古人说:
不患寡而患不均。
可见,财富公平分配是人们亘古以来的理想与追求,而公平则是财富分配的生命线!
然而,在社会财富总量持续快速增加的同时,我国收入分配差距却日益扩大,基尼系数已经突破国际黄色警戒线,成为群众最关注、反响最强烈、矛盾最突出、影响最深远的社会难题。
为国家长治久安计,必须调整分配格局,保护收入分配的生命线!
要调整一次分配格局,提高工资收入水平。
一次分配,是资方与劳方之间进行的财富分配。
由于我国人口基数庞大,就业岗位有限,劳动力市场总体上处于并将长期处于资方市场,由此决定了资方在财富分配方面拥有更大的话语权、更强的姿态和更加主动的地位。
这导致群众工资收入水平增长缓慢,贫富差距进一步扩大。
所以,调整一次分配格局,就需要建立并完善工资集体协商和自然增长机制,持续提高群众工资收入水平。
要调整二次分配格局,发挥税收杠杆作用。
二次分配,是政府通过税收形式,和公众之间进行的财富分配。
当前,我国税收存在的主要问题有两个,一是税收负担偏重,甚至不少地方还在征收“过头税”,存在寅吃卯粮的问题,侵害了群众的合法收入;二是税收转化成财政后,投入在民生和公共服务领域的资金数量较少,未能转化成人民群众的福祉,也间接影响了群众增收。
故此,调整二次分配格局,需要改革税制、减轻税负并加大税收在民生领域的投入力度,才能更好地发挥其调节收入差距的杠杆作用。
要调整三次分配格局,发展公益慈善事业。
三次分配,是社会公众以公益慈善等形式,将部分财富无偿捐赠给困难群体的财富分配方式。
在西方发达国家,已经形成了积极参与公益慈善活动的社会氛围。
在我国,受传统观念的影响,公众对企业家从事公益慈善事业的期望值很高,而自身投身公益慈善活动的积极性偏低。
同时,受郭美美事件的影响,公益慈善组织的公信力大幅度下降,也在客观上打击了公众从事公益慈善活动的积极性,削弱了财富公平分配的自主性。
可见,调整收入分配格局,需要增强公众从事公益慈善事业的自觉意识,提高公益慈善组织的服务水平与工作透明度。
古人说:
“大道之行也,天下为公”,又说“天之道,损有余而补不足”,调整收入分配格式,正是要行天下大道、损余补缺。
通过提高工资收入水平、发挥税收杠杆作用、发展公益慈善事业,促进财富在社会各阶层之间进行合理流动,才能缩小贫富差距、避免两极分化,守住公平这条生命线!
(977字)
点评:
春天
——发展实体经济要做好加减乘除法暮色苍茫看劲松,乱云飞渡仍从容。
在过去的两年时间里,世界经济正如暮色苍茫、乱云飞渡,令人难以从容。
在国际经济形势的影响下,我国实体经济发展连续遭遇资金链断裂、信贷危机和“民营老板跑路”等重大挫折,经济虚拟化、产业空心化问题日益突出,实体经济发展步入寒冬,亟需政府做好加减乘除法,优化政策环境!
做好加法,就是要提供通畅的融资渠道。
资金链是企业生存与发展的生命线,对实体经济而言更是如此。
我国实体经济企业多数属于中小型民营企业,受现有金融体制的影响,常常面临着贷款难的问题,导致民间借贷泛滥。
一旦发生信用危机,必然导致严重的资金链断裂现象,使企业发展功亏一篑。
因此,政府要做好加法,放宽中小型实体经济企业的信贷政策。
做好减法,就是要实施结构性减税政策。
受宏观经济形势影响,不少地方政府财税压力增加,于是寅吃卯粮、过头征税现象频频发生,导致企业税收负担过重。
在实体经济领域,税负过重的现象尤为突出。
据不完全统计,实体经济企业一半以上的利润都以税收的形式流向政府财政,企业资本积累速度显著下降,扩大再生产能力受到严重制约。
所以,税务部门应当推行结构性减税政策,能减则减、当免则免,帮助企业甩掉包袱,轻装前进。
做好乘法,就是要用好科技创新倍增器。
科技创新是企业生存之王道,也是实体经济快速持续发展的力量倍增器。
然而,我国实体经济企业的创新意识还不强、创新能力还不高、创新成果还不多、成果转化还不快、科技倍增作用还不明显。
故此,应当按照“政府主导、企业为主、科研院所积极参与”的原则,推进“产、学、研一体化”创新工作,帮助实体经济获得更大的核心竞争力。
做好除法,就是要抑制市场的投机行为。
我国民营企业所以纷纷弃实体经济,改行地产经济和信贷经济,从根本上说,是市场逐利而动的必然结果。
换言之,虚拟经济领域的高回报率严重打击了企业投身实体经济的意愿和推动科技创新的意志。
因而,应当抑制过热的市场投机行为,引导市场主体以更加平和、稳健、理性的姿态,积极投身实体经济,让虚拟经济成为实体经济发展的助力器,而不是绊脚石。
温家宝总理说:
“莫道今年春将尽,明年春色倍还人”,告诫我们寒冬之下正孕育着勃勃生机。
我们要抓好机遇,迎难而上,充分认识到实体经济的基础性和战略性地位,综合运用财税、金融、行政、法律等宏观调控政策,在减负和助力上狠下功夫,才能帮助实体经济度过寒冬,迎来山花烂漫、生机盎然的春天!
点评:
从“怒江水电开发”说开去
云南的“两库十三级”怒江水电开发方案,一出台便引发巨大争议。
围绕着该不该开发,人们提出了自己的意见和各式理由,这一焦点的实质是对经济发展与生态保护谁更优先的争议。
经济发展的重要性决定了我们不能因为害怕破坏生态环境而停止经济发展,而生态环境的无可替代性也意味着我们不能因为发展经济而肆无忌惮的破坏生态环境。
但是,实际中更多的是对经济发展的过度关注,忽视了生态环境的承载力,漫湾水电站建成后出现一系列环境问题就是这一典型。
因此,我们在发展经济的同时,要重视生态的保护,让经济发展与生态保护并行。
经济发展要与生态保护并行,就要在经济发展过程中树立生态保护的意识。
如果没有生态保护的意识,经济发展中就不会考虑生态环境因素,而是一味的追求经济利益最大化,这样的结果势必会对生态环境造成极大的破坏;生态环境的破坏将使人类失去良好的生活栖息场所,“皮之不存,毛将焉附”,到那时,发展的意义何在!
为此,必须树立全社会的生态保护意识,增强人们对生态环境重要性的深刻认识,让生态保护观念深入经济发展的方方面面。
经济发展要与生态保护并行,就要遵循先规划、后开发的原则。
并不是没有规划开发就没有环境的破坏,自然生态环境原始的地区,经济社会发展相对过于落后,当地居民为了自身的生存需要就会破坏其中的植被,这并不利于生态保护。
严格遵循先规划、后开发的原则,在开发之前进行科学合理的规划,切实解决移民的就业、收入难题,避免移民回流;在开发的过程中注重改善生态环境,保持植被水土,实现让当地居民摆脱贫困阴霾的同时,保护当地的生态环境。
经济发展要与生态保护并行,就要以经济发展的成果促进生态保护。
生态保护,不仅在于不去人为的干扰生态环境自身的发展规律,也在于用先进的技术、充足的资金促进生态的健康发展。
植树造林、保持水土、改善生态环境、实现生态建设,这些都离不开技术和资金,而先进的科技、充足的资金,都离不开经济的发展,都是以经济作为基础的。
因此,保护生态也需要大力发展经济,用经济的发展成果促进生态保护,进而实现经济发展与生态保护并行。
坚持生产发展,生活富裕,生态良好的文明发展道路,是我国社会主义建设的重要内容。
在发展经济的同时,只有牢固树立生态保护意识、严格遵循先规划后开发的原则、积极运用经济发展成果保护生态环境,才能促使经济发展和生态保护并进,才能更好的建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会,实现我国经济社会的永续发展。
点评:
老有所养
——破解养老难题须强化政府责任《中庸》说:
“仁者,亲亲为大”,意思是孝顺父母是仁爱的第一要义,让老年人安度晚年也是仁政的题中应有之义。
然而,随着我国老龄化迅猛发展,不少老年人却面临着“养老真空”难题,传统的子女养老模式难以为继,政府公共养老服务发展缓慢,社会机构养老问题重重。
谁能破解养老难题?
总体来看,必须强化政府责任。
当前,养老难题已经大大突破了传统家庭的边界,特别是受计划生育政策的影响,“421”甚至“8421”家庭大量出现,一对夫妻要赡养四位甚至八位老人,压力之大可想而知。
实际上,养老难题已经变成了社会公共问题,向全体老人提供养老公共服务,政府责无旁贷,必须下大力气、下苦功夫!
要在舆论引导上下功夫。
在某种程度上,对老年人的关爱程度,可以反映一个社会文明进步的程度。
在现实生活中,不少年轻人或忘却了孝顺父母的祖训,或忙于事业无暇顾及老人,反映出传统美德的淡漠和缺位,已逐渐演化成社会公德问题。
所以,我们必须在舆论引导上下功夫,加强“尊敬老人、关心老人、爱护老人”传统美德教育,为破解养老难题营造良好的舆论环境。
要在财力保障上下功夫。
当前,我国养老公共服务体系还不够健全,覆盖面比较狭窄,保障水平不高,难以满足老龄化社会快速发展的要求,构成了当前养老难题的主要矛盾。
故此,要坚持两手抓,两手都要硬。
一手抓养老公共服务体系建设,因地制宜,提高养老金发放标准,加快养老院等公共养老设施建设速度;一手抓养老社会化,通过财政转移支付,支持民办养老事业的发展。
要在优化管理上下功夫。
由于我国养老服务存在着比较严重的供不应求的现象,导致不少民办养老机构在发展过程中存在诸多问题,如管理混乱、服务很差、条件简陋、收费昂贵等诸多问题,导致养老服务质量低下,群众意见很大。
所以,我们还必须在优化管理上下功夫,在硬件设施和软件服务上提出更加具体、严格、科学的标准,提高准入门槛,严厉打击非法养老机构,尊重和保障老年人各项权益。
老年人是国家的宝贵财富,让老年人安享晚年,也是政府的责任。
在养老公共服务严重紧缺的今天,我们只有进一步强化政府责任,增强养老服务的供给能力,才能从根本上破解养老难题,开创老有所养的大好局面!
点评:
篇二:
申论经典范文80篇
田老鼠系列公务员考试申论资料
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“招商热”还须冷思考·································································································10申论范文:
雇员制有利于打造“服务型”政府···············································································11申论写作:
公务员诚信不仅仅是“私事”·······················································································11申论写作:
刹住高校毕业生就业率造假歪风··················································································12申论写作:
应正视官员的功利价值观·····························································································13申论写作:
取消事业单位干部称号追求社会平等··········································································13申论写作:
干部考试作弊理应重罚·································································································14申论范文···········································································································································14中共中央关于加强党的执政能力建设的决定(全文)··································································18人民日报社论:
加强党的执政能力建设的重要纲领······································································26三个代表学习资料问答集················································································································28申论中的五种思维能力····················································································································30固定答题模式套写破解申论············································································································32公务员考试申论的文体:
议论文构思方法······················································································34申论考试的应试方法························································································································36申论范文···········································································································································38应正视官员的功利价值观················································································································41申论考试的解题环节和方法············································································································41申论复习及热点参考························································································································42申论热点:
为人民服务让人民满意·································································································43申论热点:
浅谈农民税收负担过重问题·························································································44申论热点···········································································································································45申论热点:
“招生传销”贻害无穷·································································································47申论热点:
农民税收负担过重问题解答·························································································47申论热点:
冠成集团从事“三农实践”的报告··············································································49申论热点:
求解“三农”:
农业产业化农村城镇化农民市民化···················································51申论热点:
城市农民工社会保障问题初探······················································································55申论热点:
大学生网络色情犯罪问题!
·························································································58申论热点:
我们需要什么样的基础教育改革?
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1田老鼠系列公务员考试申论资料
申论热点:
拆违章建筑应拆出什么精神?
······················································································62申论写作:
高校教师应重修德·········································································································63申论热点:
请为平民的群体遇难下半旗·························································································
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