英语四级重要知识点.docx
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英语四级重要知识点.docx
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英语四级重要知识点
CET-4中介词to的不同搭配
介词是一种表示名词和句中其他词之间关系的词,在英语中能和动词、名词、形容词等词搭配,表示种种不同的意思,使用时灵活多变,不易掌握,介词to也不例外。
四级考试中,介词to的用法是测试重点之一,应引起特别注意。
本文以历年四级真题为依据,总结了介词to的几种常见搭配,并附上历年四级考试中相关的考题,供考生练习。
一、与某些动词一起构成特定搭配
英语中由“动词+介词to”构成的动词短语数量很大,而在四级考试中,经常被测试到的此类动词短语也很多,可分为两类:
1.“实义动词+介词to”结构
adaptto...(适应于……)
devote...to...(专心于,致力于)
add...to...(增加,添加)
entitle...to...(给……权利、资格等)
adhereto...(追随,依附,坚持)
stickto
clingto
expose...to...(暴露在……之下)
adjustto...(调整,调节)
leadto...(导致……,招致……)
amountto...(达到;意味着)
objectto...(反对)
appealto...(恳求;呼吁)
owe...to...(欠……;对……负有……)
applyto...(应用,运用;向……申请)
reactto...(对……做出反应)
attach...to...(系上,附加于,使附属)
referto...(论及,参照;委托)
attendto...(倾听;照顾,料理)
resortto...(诉诸于……)
attributeto...(把……归因于,认为是……的结果)
respondto...(……做出反应)
belongto...(属于)
seeto...(负责,留意,照料)
compare...to...(与……比较;将……比作为)stickto...(坚持)
confessto...(坦白,坦承)
subject...to...(使遭受…,使蒙受……)
conformto...(顺从,与……一致)
turnto...(翻到;向……求助)
contributeto...(有助于,促使)
yieldto...(屈服于)...
历年四级考题中与上述短语相关的考题很多,下面仅列出一些典型的例子(选项中以黑体字为正确答案):
(1)Thisisthenursewho________tomewhenIwasinhospital.(CET-4,03.6,52)
A.entertainedB.accompanied
C.attendedD.shielded
(2)Iwouldneverhave________acourtoflawifIhadn'tbeensodesperate.(CET-4,02.6,66)
A.soughtforB.accountedfor
C.turnedupD.resortedto
(3)He________tohiscustomersandhalvedtheprice.(CET-4,02.1,65)
A.leakedB.yielded
C.drewD.quoted
(4)Eatingtoomuchfatcan________heartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.(CET-4,01.6,55)
A.attributetoB.attendto
C.contributetoD.devoteto
(5)Ididn'tknowtheword.Ihadto________adictionary.(CET-4,00.6,35)
A.lookoutB.makeout
C.refertoD.goover
(6)Themaninthecornerconfessedto________alietothemanagerofthecompany.(CET-4,97.6,58)
A.havetoldB.betold
C.beingtoldD.havingtold
(7)BecauseEdgarwasconvincedoftheaccuracyofthisfact,he________hisopinion.(CET-4,97.6,60)
A.struckatB.strovefor
C.stucktoD.stoodfor
(8)Thereishardlyanenvironmentonearth________somespeciesofanimalorotherhasnotadaptedsuccessfully.(CET-4,94.6,53)
A.towhichB.wherever
C.sothatD.asto
(9)Themanagerassuredthecustomerthathiscomplaintwouldbeseen________immediately.(CET-4,93.1,70)
A.toB.atC.onD.with
(10)Policehave________tothepublictocomeforwardwithanyinformationwhichmighthelpthemintheirinquiries.(CET-4,90.6,44)
A.urgedB.claimed
C.appealedD.called
(11)Isitadvisableto________ourbodytothesunlight?
(CET-4,90.6,62)
A.revealB.display
C.exposeD.show
2.“be+过去分词/形容词+to”结构
beaddictedto...(对……上瘾)
beopposedto...(反对)
beattachedto...(附属于)
besubjectto...(易遭……的;以……为条件的)
bedueto...(归功于……,因为……)
beused/accustomedto...(习惯于……)
beobjectedto...(反对)...
相关的四级考题如下:
(12)Thecommitteeistotallyopposed________anychangesbeingmadeintheplans.(CET-4,99.1,61)
A.ofB.onC.toD.against
(13)Althoughpunctualhimself,theprofessorwasquiteused________lateforhislecture.(CET-4,98.1,31)
A.tohavestudents
B.forstudents'being
C.forstudentstobe
D.tostudents'being
(14)Thematchwascancelledbecausemostofthemembers________amatchwithoutastandardcourt.(CET-4,91.6,48)
A.objectedtohaving
B.wereobjectedtohave
C.objectedtohave
D.wereobjectedtohaving
二、与某些名词一起构成特定搭配
此类名词与to一起构成固定结构“名词+介词to”,可分为两类:
1.某些固有名词,如admission,access,answer,approach,barrier,key,right,solution等;
2.由相关动词派生而来的名词,如exposure,objection,reaction,response等。
相关的四级考题如下:
(15)TheBritishgovernmentoftensaysthatfurnishingchildrenwith________totheinformationsuperhighwayisatoppriority.(CET-4,03.9,55)
A.procedureB.protection
C.allowanceD.access
(16)Ihavenoobjection________yourstoryagain.(CET-4,00.6,27)
A.tohearB.tohearing
C.tohavingheardD.tohaveheard
(17)Doeseveryoneonearthhaveanequalright________anequalshareofitsresources?
(CET-4,98.6,55)
A.byB.atC.toD.over
(18)Thetraditionalapproach________withcomplexproblemsistobreakthemdownintosmaller,moreeasilymanagedproblems.
A.todealingB.indealing
C.dealingD.todeal
(19)ThedoctortoldPennythattoomuch________tothesunisbadfortheskin.(CET-4,95.1,57)
A.exposureB.extension
C.exhibitionD.expansion
(20)Itwasdifficulttoguesswhather________tothenewswouldbe.(CET-4,91.6,42)
A.impressionB.reaction
C.commentD.opinion
(21)Theyhavebeentryingtoarriveatapracti-
calsolution________theproblem.(CET-4,
90.6,49)
A.inB.toC.onD.with
三、与某些形容词一起构成特定搭配
此类形容词后接介词to,构成特定搭配,可分为三类:
1.某些固有形容词,如contrary,cruel,
equivalent,indifferent,parallel,relevant,second,sensitive,similar等;
2.形容词superior,inferior,senior,junior等,这些词虽然都是原级形容词,却含有比较意味,后面都不能用than表示比较,而必须用to;
3.由相关动词派生而来的形容词,如addicted,applicable,comparable,preferable等。
相关的四级考题如下:
(22)Someplantsarevery________tolight;theyprefertheshade.(CET-4,04.1,70)
A.sensibleB.flexible
C.objectiveD.sensitive
(23)Colorandsexarenotrelevant________whetherapersonissuitableforthejob.(CET-4,03.9,45)
A.onB.forC.toD.with
(24)Adarksuitis________toalightoneforeveningwear.(CET-4,03.6,60)
A.properB.suitable
C.favorableD.preferable
(25)Physicsis________tothesciencewhichwascallednaturalphilosophyinhistory.(CET-4,97.1,24)
A.alikeB.equivalent
C.likelyD.uniform
(26)Cancerissecondonly________heartdiseaseasacauseofdeath.(CET-4,96.1,30)
A.ofB.toC.withD.from
(27)Beethovenismyfavoritemusician.Iregardhimas________othermusicians.(CET-4,94.1,55)
A.moresuperiorto
B.moresuperiorthan
C.superiorto
D.superiorthan
(28)Whatyouhavedoneis________thedoctor'sorders.(CET-4,90.1,63)
A.attachedtoB.responsibleto
C.resistanttoD.contraryto
四、用于特定的介词短语中
含有介词to的介词短语也有很多,具体如下:
asto...(关于)
thanksto...(多亏……,由于……)
inadditionto(加之,除了……之外)
toone'sabilities(capabilities,potential...)(尽某人所能)
incontrastto...(与……对照)
toone'ssurprise(amazement,relief...)(令人感到……)
inresponseto(对……做出反应)
tosomedegree(extent)(在某种程度上)
owingto...(因为)
withreferenceto...(关于,至于)
previousto...(在……之前)
with/inregardto...(关于,至于)
priorto...(先于……;比……重要)
withrespectto...(关于,至于)...
相关的四级考题如下:
(29)________theenormousflowoffoodfromtheentireglobe,thesecountrieshaveformanyyearsnotfeltanypopulationpressure.(CET-4,03.9,46)
A.ThankstoB.Bymeansof
C.InlinewithD.Withregardto
(30)TheBritishconstitutionis________alargeextentaproductofthehistoricaleventsdescribedabove.(CET-4,00.6,50)
A.withinB.toC.byD.at
(31)Beingapopstarcanbequiteahardlife,withalotoftravelling________heavyschedules.(CET-4,99.6.50)
A.astoB.inrelationto
C.owingtoD.withregardto
(32)Housewiveswhodonotgoouttoworkoftenfeeltheyarenotworkingtotheirfull________.(CET-4,97.6,35)
A.capacityB.strength
C.lengthD.possibility
(33)Itisusefultobeabletopredicttheextent________whichapricechangewillaffectsupplyanddemand.(CET-4,97.1,29)
A.fromB.withC.toD.for
五、用于特定句型中
介词to还可以用于某些特定句型中,但此类句型不多,常见的只有两例:
whenitcomesto...(当提到……,当论及……)
see(toit)that...(留意……,负责……,务必……)
相关的四级考题如下:
(34)Doingyourhomeworkisasurewaytoimproveyourtestscores,andthisisespeciallytrue________itcomestoclassroomtests.(CET-4,96.1,36)
A.whenB.since
C.beforeD.after
(35)Heislateagaintoday.I'll________thathewillnotbelatetomorrow.(CET-4,9
A.besureB.seetoit
C.hopeforD.makeitto
介词“to”例解
1.Ihavenoobjection____theeveningwiththem.
A)tospendB)tospendingC)ofspendingD)spending
2.Thetraditionalapproach__withcomplexproblemsistobreakthemdownintosmaller,moreeasilymanagedproblems.
A)todealingB)indealingC)dealingD)todeal
3)Doeseveryoneontheearthhaveanequalshareofitsresources?
A)byB)atC)tod)over
4)Ihavenoobjection)))yourstoryagain.
A)tohearB)tohearingC)tohavingeardD)tohaveheard
5)Ialways_____whatIhavesaid.
A)gettoB)holdtoC)leadtoD)setto
6)Medicalresearchhasshownthatthewidespreaduseofcigarettecontributes___theincreaseofcancers.
A)towardsB)forC)withD)to
7)Heislateagaintoday.I’ll___thathewillnotbelatetomorrow.
A)besureB)hopeforC)seetoitD)makeitto
8)BecauseEdgarwasconvincedoftheaccuracyofthisfact,he___hisopinion.
A)struckatB)stroveforC)stucktoD)stoodfor
9)Welovepeace,yetwearenotthekindofpeopletoyield__anymilitaryhreat.
A)upB)toC)inD)at
10)Generouspublicfundingofbasicsciencewould___considerablebenefitsforthecountry’shealth,wealthandsecurity.
A)resultfromb)settledownc)lieinD)leadto
11)Thecommitteeistotallyopposed___anychanesbeingmadeintheplans.
A)ofB)agianstC)onD)to
12)Ididn’tknowtheword.Ihadto___adictionary
A)LookoutB)makeoutC)refertoD)goover
13)Weobjectpublishingawholegroupforonefault.
A)againstB)aboutC0toD)for
14)Thematchascancelledbecausemostofthemembers____matchwithoutastandardcourt.
A)objectedtohavingB)wereobjectedtohaveC)objectedtohaveD)wereobjectedtohaving
15)What
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