机械毕业设计英文外文翻译113电动滚筒克服北美船运装载终端的恶劣环境问题.docx
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机械毕业设计英文外文翻译113电动滚筒克服北美船运装载终端的恶劣环境问题.docx
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机械毕业设计英文外文翻译113电动滚筒克服北美船运装载终端的恶劣环境问题
翻译
原文
MotorizedPulleysSolveHarshEnvironmentalProblems
atNorthAmericanShipLoadingTerminals
Keywords:
MotorizedPulleys,ShipLoaders,BucketWheelStackerReclaimers,ConveyorBelts
1Abstract
Thispaperpresentsdesignandoperationalchallengesfacedbythreedifferentshiploadingfacilityoperators,onehandlingexportcoalontheGulfofAlaskaandtwohandlingtaconiteironorepelletsontheNorthAmericanGreatLakes.Extremetemperaturesandabrasivematerials,coupledwithaneedforcompactness,madeinternally-poweredandhermetically-sealedMotorizedPulleystheoptimaldesignchoicefordrivingshiploaderandbucketwheelreclaimerconveyorbelts.
OriginallyaEuropeanidea,theMotorizedPulleywasslowingainingacceptanceinNorthAmericainthetwentiethcentury.However,theinternally-poweredconveyorbeltdrivehasrecentlybecomemorepopular,especiallywhereambientconditions,materialhandled,orcompactequipmentdesignmakeexposeddrivesdifficulttointegrateandoperate.
2Introduction
WhatdoSeward,Alaska;Superior,Wisconsin;andEscanaba,Michiganhaveincommon?
Eachisthelocationofamajorrail-to-shipbulkstorageandtransferfacility,ownedandoperatedbyarailroadcompany.Eachislocatedonwaternorthof45ºNlatitude,wherewintertemperaturescandropto–40ºF(-40ºC)andhumidityreachnearly100%.Andeachhandlesabrasiveand/orcorrosivematerial.Oneotherimportantfeatureiscommontothesefacilities...theRulmecaMotorizedPulley.Rulmeca’sinternally-poweredandhermetically-sealedMotorizedPulleywasselectedtoupgradekeydrivesonshiploaderandbucketwheelreclaimerconveyorbelts.
Thispaperwillrevieweachfacility’slayout,throughput,andparticularchallengesanditwillexplainwhydesignersselectedMotorizedPulleytechnology.ThesesuccessfulapplicationswillhelpexplainthegrowthinacceptanceofMotorizedPulleytechnologyinNorthAmerica,especiallyinharshenvironments.
3MotorizedPulleyTechnology
TheMotorizedPulleyconceptwasdevelopedinthe1950’stoprovideareliablemeansofdrivingbeltconveyors.Equipmentdesignersquicklydiscoveredthatenclosingthedrive’smotorandgearboxwithinahermetically-sealedandoil-filledpulleyshellnotonlymadethedrivecompact,italsogreatlyimprovedthedrive’sreliabilityandservicelife.
Fig.1:
RulmecaMotorizedPulleyenclosesmotorandgearboxwithinhermetically-sealedoil-filledshelltoprotectmovingcomponentsfromharshenvironmentwhilesavingspace.
Compactness,reliability,longservicelife,andlimitedmaintenancerequirementsmadetheMotorizedPulleyapopularconveyordriveforbulkhandlingequipmentdesignersinEurope.Largemachinerysuchasbucketwheelreclaimers,shiploaders,andtunnelboringequipmentsoonhadMotorizedPulleysinstalledasoriginalequipment.AndplantoperatorsbeganreplacingwornexposedconveyordriveswithMotorizedPulleysatfacilitieshandlingmaterialssuchasfertilizer,sand&gravel,steel,ore,andwoodproducts.
EachMotorizedPulleyconsistsofanACsquirrel-cageinductionmotor,directlycoupledtoahelical/spurgearbox,mountedonafixed(non-rotating)shaft,andhermeticallysealedwithinthecylindricalpulleyshell.Today’sMotorizedPulleyincorporatesawidearrayofpowersandspeedsaswellasoptionalfeatures,suchasbuilt-inmechanicalbackstops,anti-condensationheaters,andelectro-mechanicalbrakes.
4AllouezDock#5
4.1SynopsisofUpgrade
BurlingtonNorthernSantaFeRailroad(BNSF)recentlycompletedtheoverhauloftwoofthree40yearoldcrawler-mountedbucketwheelreclaimersatthecompany’srail-toshiptransferterminalfortaconitepelletslocatednearSuperior,Wisconsin.
4.2ObjectiveofUpgrade
Theobjectiveoftheupgradewastoreducehighmaintenanceexpensewhileimprovingsystemreliabilityinthestockpilearea.Theupgradeincludedstructuralchanges,replacementofon-boarddieselengines,andtheinstallationofRulmeca
MotorizedPulleys.ThechallengeforBNSFoperationswastokeepthe40yearoldmachinesworkingefficientlyinspiteofthefactthatthemachines’manufacturer
hadgoneoutofbusinessmorethan20yearsago.TheoriginalconveyordriveswereauniquecombinationofcomponentsincludingACmotors,planetarygearboxesandpulleysmountedbetweenthecarryingandreturnstrandsofbelt.Sinceoriginalequipmentmanufacturer’spartswerenolongeravailableandsincetheconveyordriveswerenon-standard,BNSFwasforcedtocustom-buildparts,anexpensive
andtime-consumingprocess.EngineeringDesignServicesrecommendedRulmecaMotorizedPulleysbecause:
(1)theyarecompactandwouldfitwithinthereclaimers’structure,
(2)RulmecaMotorizedPulleysandreplacementpartsarereadilyavailable,and(3)Rulmecahasalongsuccessfultrackrecordofsupplyingconveyordrivesforbucketwheelreclaimers.
4.3OperatingData
AssummarizedinTable2,AllouezDock#5consistsofan87acre(0,3km2)facilityproviding5.5milliontonsofstoragecapacityinastockpilearea3.5miles(5,6km)fromthedockand72,000tonsofstorageinthedocksilos.Aconveyorsystem,5.7miles(9,2km)inlength,linksthe2railcarunloaders,the3stackerreclaimers,andtheshiploader.TaconitepelletsusuallyarriveinBNSFtrainsof150cars[each35feet(10,7m)long“H-1”typeat1,800ft3(51
)capacity]andareloadedintospeciallakevessels.Upto185cartrainscanhaul20,000tonsoftaconitepellets,atagrosstrainweightof27,000tons.Wintertemperaturescanreach–30ºF(-34ºC).Typically,icedoesnotcoverallofLakeSuperior,butnear-completesheetsofice,fromafewinchestoseveralfeetthick,doformintheharborareaofSuperiorandSt.LouisBays.Asearlyasmid-NovemberandpersistingaslateasearlyMay,iceintheSootLocksortheharborendstheshippingseason.FrozenblocksofpelletscanbefoundinthestockpilesaslateasAugustandSeptember.The75BNSFemployeesatAllouezDock#5unloaded537trainsor79,201carsin2003.
4.4MotorizedPulleyExperience
EngineeringDesignServicesandRulmecaengineersfirstpresentedtheMotorizedPulleyupgradeconceptforthebucketwheelreclaimerstoBNSFpersonnelin1995,suggestinga“DualDrive”arrangementforthetailconveyorduetoitsrequirementof200HP(150kW).AllouezDockhadbeenmaintainingthebucketwheelmachineswithouttheassistanceoftheoriginalequipmentmanufacturerformorethan10yearsin1995.However,thedualdriveconceptwasrelativelynewatthattimeandeightyearswouldelapsebeforethefirstbucketwheelreclaimerwasupgraded.By2003originalgearboxrebuildshadgottenveryexpensive.ThatyearthreeModel800HMotorizedPulleys,with31.5inch(800mm)diameterand57inch(1400mm)facewidthwerepurchased.BNSFoperationspersonnelinstalledthemin2004.EachMotorizedPulleyprovided120HP(90kW)atabeltspeedof768fpm(4m/s)onapowersupplyof460V/3ph/60Hz,generatedbythenewly-installedon-boarddieselgenerator.Thecompactdesignminimizedstructuralmodificationsandgreatlysimplifiedthe“NestedDualDrive”configurationbeneaththetailconveyor.
ThesuccessfulupgradeofthefirstmachineencouragedBNSFtoupgradeasecondBucketWheelReclaimer,completedin2005,usingthree100HP(75kW)RulmecaMotorizedPulleys.ThethirdandfinalsetofMotorizedPulleyswasdeliveredJuly2006.EngineeringDesignServicesnotonlyassistedBNSFpersonnelwithinitialdesigntoinsureasmoothretrofit,RogerMeittunenalsotraveledtotheRulmecaMotorizedPulleyfactoryinGermanytoobservefinalassemblyofthefirstthreeMotorizedPulleysandobtainaftermarketservicetrainingontheModel800Hunitstoinsurelong-termsuccessoftheMotorizedPulleysatAllouezDock.
Fig.2:
4,000TPHBucketWheelReclaimerinitssecondseasonafterthe2004MotorizedPulleyupgrade.NoteoneMotorizedPulleybeneaththeboomconveyorandtwounderthetailconveyor.
5Escanaba,Michigan
5.1SynopsisofUpgrade
TheEscanabaOreDocktransfers8MTPYoftaconitepelletsfromrailtolakevesselsattheLakeMichiganterminal.TheChicagoandNorthwestRailroadreplacedtwoworn-outMotorizedPulleysonthetheirbucketwheelreclaimerin1985,afterapproximately15yearsofservice,whentheoriginalMotorizedpulleymanufacturerwentoutofbusiness.JohnKirkegaardMaskinfabrikA/Ssuppliedthereplacementknownas“JOKIMotorizedPulleys,”nowcalledRulmecaMotorizedPulleys.Thetwo40inch(1m)diameter200HP(150kW)MotorizedPulleysarestillinserviceaftermorethan20years.
5.2ObjectiveofUpgrade
Theobjectiveoftheupgradewastosecurereliabledrivesforthe4000TPHreclaimerboomandtailconveyorsfromanestablishedMotorizedPulleymanufacturerwithreadilyavailablereplacementparts.JOKIhadbeenanestablishedbrandfor30yearsatthattime.
Fig.3:
Travelingshiploaderloadspelletsinto64,000DWTlakevesselat4,000TPH,fillingitin
just16hours.
Fig.4:
BucketWheelboomishydraulicallyluffedandtransfers4,000TPHoftaconitepelletsona
60inch(1,5m)widebeltat715FPM(3,6m/s).
5.3MotorizedPulleyExperience
TheRulmecaMotorizedPulleysinstalledonthebucketwheelreclaimerin1985arestillinserviceandhavenowoutlastedtheoriginal16yearoldpulleysbyfiveshippingseasons.TheyhaveenabledtheEscanabaOreDocktotransloadmorethan150milliontonsoftaconitepelletsduringtheirservicelife.
Fig.5:
Drawingshowsuniquedoubleendhousingarrangementon“driveside”of200HP(150KW)MotorizedPulley.DevelopmentofdifferentdesignsandmorepowerfulMotorizedPulleysisin
progressatRulmecaFAAGmbH
6Conclusion
Thelongservicelivesprom
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