读后续写和概要写作讲义 概要写作专练.docx

读后续写和概要写作讲义 概要写作专练.docx

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读后续写和概要写作讲义概要写作专练

概要写作专练

（一）

A

（2018·浙江省名校联盟第三次联考）

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Someyearsago,writinginmydiaryusedtobeausualactivity.Iwouldreturnfromschoolandspendtheexpectedhalfhourrecordingtheday’sevents,feelings,andimpressionsinmylittlebluediary.Ididnotreallyneedtoexpressmyemotionsbywayofwords,butIgainedacertainsatisfactionfromseeingmyexperiencesforeverrecordedonpaper.Afterall,isn’taccumulatingmemoriesawayofpreservingthepast?

WhenIwasthirteenyearsold,Iwentonalongjourneyonfootinagreatvalley,wellequippedwithpens,adiary,andacamera.Duringthetrip,Iwasbusyrecordingeveryincident,nameandplaceIcameacross.Ifeltproudtobespendingmytimeproductively,dutifullypreservingforfuturegenerationsadetaileddescriptionofmytravels.Onmylastnightthere,Iwanderedoutofmytent,diaryinhand.Theskywasclearandlitbytheglareofthemoon,andthewallsofthevalleylookedthreateningbehindtheirscreenofshadows.Iautomaticallytookoutmypen...Atthatpoint,IunderstoodthatnothingIwrotecouldevermatchorreplacethefewsecondsIallowedmyselftoexperiencethedramaticbeautyofthevalley.AllIrememberedofthepreviousfewdayswerethedullcharacterizationsIhadsetdowninmydiary.

Now,IonlywriteinmydiarywhenIneedtowritedownaspecialthoughtorfeeling.Istilllovetorecordideasandquotationsthatstrikemeinbooks,orobservationsthatareparticularlymeaningful.Itakepictures,butnotveryoften—onlyofobjectsIfindreallybeautiful.I’mnolongerblindlysatisfiedwithhavingsomethingtorememberwhenIgrowold.IrealizethatlifewillsimplypassmebyifIstaybehindthecamera,busypreservingthepresentsoastoliveitinthefuture.

Idon’twanttowakeuponedayandhavenothingbutapileofpicturesandnotes.MaybeIwon’thaveasmanyexactrepresentationsofpeopleandplaces;maybeI’llforgetcertainfacts,butatleasttheexperienceswillalwaysremaininsideme.Idon’tlivetomakememories—Ijustlive,andthememoriesformthemselves.

一、试题详解

1．核心内容

本文是一篇记叙文，全文共四段。

第一段讲述作者小时候喜欢写日记，每天忙着把各种日常生活及感受记录在本子上，积累记忆，保存过去。

第二段讲述作者13岁时的一次旅游经历，山谷的美丽使她/他意识到，应该学会当时当地去欣赏和体验世间万物，而不是一味地记录。

第三段主要讲述了作者写日记的方式发生了改变，现在只把自己特殊的想法或情感有选择地写在日记中。

第四段是作者对生活的感悟：

把握现在，感受今天；生活，重在感受而不是为了回忆而记忆。

2．写作思路

（1）理清文章脉络，概括段落大意。

该文第一段围绕着首句“Someyearsago,writinginmydiaryusedtobeausualactivity.”讲述几年前，作者每天忙于记录日常生活感受，事无巨细等。

第二段讲述作者在写日记一事上的转变，全段没有主题句，因此可围绕change一词将本段大意概括为“Theauthor’sattitudetowardsthediarychangedafteratriptoavalley.”。

第三段围绕首句“Now,IonlywriteinmydiarywhenIneedtowritedownaspecialthoughtorfeeling.”详细讲述作者改变写日记方式后的相关情况，她/他开始有选择地在日记中记录自己的感想体会。

第四段是作者的感悟，即“Idon’tlivetomakememories—Ijustlive,andthememoriesformthemselves.”。

（2）确定表达要点，灵活准确表达。

要点1是对第一段内容的归纳，同时为使句意更加完整清晰，可适当补充细节，例如，写日记是为了储存记忆。

要点2是对第二段内容的概括，即作者写日记方式变化前后的对比。

要点3承接着要点2，是对作者改变写日记方式后的具体描述，可以使用thus衔接。

要点4是最后一段中作者的感悟。

二、参考范文

Theauthorhadmadeitaroutinetokeepadetaileddiaryofher/hiseverydaylifetostorememories.（要点1）Thatchangedafteratriptoavalley,whereshe/herealizedbreathtakingscenerywasmeanttobefeltwithheartratherthanwrittendownmechanically.（要点2）Thus,she/hehasbecomeselectiveaboutwhattoputinher/hisdiary,（要点3）focusingonthepresentinsteadofbusyingherself/himselfwithrecordingmemoriesforthepastorthefuture.（要点4）

三、范文解析

要点1中，“madeitaroutine”准确地表达了作者每日像例行公事般地记日记的状态，用目的状语“tostorememories”补充信息，使要点信息更全面。

要点2中，非限制性定语从句“where...”的使用明确了作者改变写日记方式的原因，同时用breathtaking替换原文的dramatic，避免词汇的重复。

要点3由Thus一词引出作者现在写日记的方式，即“becomeselectiveaboutwhattoputinher/hisdiary”，同时通过非谓语结构“focusingon...insteadofbusying...”把要点4准确地表达出来，使得句与句之间衔接紧凑，语言精练。

B

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Groupsingingisasoundthatbeginsinsideyou,sharesitwitharoomfulofpeopleanditcomesbackassomethingevenmorethrilling:

harmony.Soit’snotsurprisingthatgroupsingingisontherise.

Asthepopularityofgroupsinginggrows,sciencehasbeenhardatworktryingtoexplainwhyithassuchacalmingyetenergizingeffectonpeople.Whatresearchersarebeginningtodiscoveristhatsingingislikeafillingoftheperfecttranquilizer（镇静剂）,thekindthatbotheasesyournervesandliftsyourspirits.Thehighspiritsmaycomefromendorphins,ahormone（荷尔蒙）releasedbysinging,whichisassociatedwithfeelingsofpleasure.Oritmightbefromoxytocin,anotherhormonereleasedduringsinging,whichhasbeenfoundtoeaseanxietyandstress.Oxytocinalsostrengthensfeelingoftrustandbonding,whichmayexplainwhystillmorestudieshavefoundthatsinginglessensfeelingsofdepressionandloneliness.

Thebenefitsofsingingregularlyseemtobeaccumulative.Inonestudy,singerswerefoundtohavelowerlevelsofstress.Anotherinvestigationsuggestin