Unit 3 Friendship.docx
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Unit 3 Friendship.docx
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Unit3Friendship
Unit3Friendship
TextAWhatIsFriendship?
I.TeachingObjectives
1.TounderstandthemeaningofFriendship.
2.Graspthekeywords,phrasesandstructure.
II.TeachingContent
1.Lead-inactivities
2.Languagepoints(keywords,phrasesanddifficultsentences)
3.GuidedPractice(exercises,oralpracticeandgroupwork)
III.TeachingProcess
1.Warm-upActivity
1)WhatdoestheBibleSayaboutFriendship?
Howarewetochooseourfriends?
Howshouldfriendstreatoneanother?
AllofthesearegoodquestionsandtheBiblehassomegoodScripturestostudytoanswerthem.friendship.
JesusonFriendship
John15:
12-15“Thisismycommandment,thatyouloveoneanotherasIhavelovedyou.Greaterlovehasnoonethanthis,thatsomeonelaydownhislifeforhisfriends.YouaremyfriendsifyoudowhatIcommandyou.NolongerdoIcallyouservants,fortheservantdoesnotknowwhathismasterisdoing;butIhavecalledyoufriends,forallthatIhaveheardfrommyFatherIhavemadeknowntoyou.
GreatestFriendisGod
James4:
8DrawneartoGod,andhewilldrawneartoyou.Cleanseyourhands,yousinners,andpurifyyourhearts,youdouble-minded.
HowToPickYourFriends
Proverbs12:
26Onewhoisrighteousisaguidetohisneighbor,butthewayofthewickedleadsthemastray.友直
Proverbs13:
20Whoeverwalkswiththewisebecomeswise,butthecompanionoffoolswillsufferharm.友多闻
Proverbs14:
6-7Ascofferseekswisdominvain,butknowledgeiseasyforamanofunderstanding.Leavethepresenceofafool,forthereyoudonotmeetwordsofknowledge.友多闻
Proverbs22:
24-25Makenofriendshipwithamangiventoanger,norgowithawrathfulman,lestyoulearnhiswaysandentangleyourselfinasnare.友谅
Corinthians15:
33Donotbedeceived:
“Badcompanyruinsgoodmorals.”
HowToTreatYourFriends
Luke6:
31Andasyouwishthatotherswoulddotoyou,dosotothem.善事
Romans12:
10Loveoneanotherwithbrotherlyaffection.Outdooneanotherinshowinghonor.善心
Ephesians4:
29-32Letnocorruptingtalkcomeoutofyourmouths,butonlysuchasisgoodforbuildingup,asfitstheoccasion,thatitmaygivegracetothosewhohear.AnddonotgrievetheHolySpiritofGod,bywhomyouweresealedforthedayofredemption.Letallbitternessandwrathandangerandclamorandslanderbeputawayfromyou,alongwithallmalice.Bekindtooneanother,tenderhearted,forgivingoneanother,asGodinChristforgaveyou.善言
ImportanceofFriendships
Proverbs11:
14Wherethereisnoguidance,apeoplefalls,butinanabundanceofcounselorsthereissafety.
Proverbs17:
17Afriendlovesatalltimes,andabrotherisbornforadversity.帮手
Proverbs19:
20Listentoadviceandacceptinstruction,thatyoumaygainwisdominthefuture.智慧
Proverbs24:
5Awisemanisfullofstrength,andamanofknowledgeenhanceshismight.能力
Proverbs27:
17Ironsharpensiron,andonemansharpensanother.成长
2)HowdoesAristotlelookatfriendship
FriendshipsforAristotlecanbedividedintothreemaincategories.
.FriendshipsofUtility
.FriendshipsofPleasure
.FriendshipsofVirtue.
.FriendshipsofUtility
Friendshipsofutilityarebasedonpeoplewhoareusefultoeachother.Thisisthesolereasonbehindthembeingfriends.Agoodexampleofafriendshipofutilitymightbetherelationshipbetweenacarsalesmanandacarbuyer(JohnL.Fjellstad).Thecarsalesmanneedsthebuyerbecausehehastomakealivingandthebuyerneedsthesalesmanbecauseheneedsacar.Bothhavesomethingtheotherwants.Thesefriendshipsdonotlastverylongasoncethebuyerisnolongerusefultothesalesman,orvisaversa,theconnectionisseveredandthefriendshipceasestobe.Friendshipsofutilityarecommonamongoldpeople,forinoldagepeoplepursuetheusefulratherthanthepleasant.
.FriendshipsofPleasure
Friendshipsofpleasurearebasedontheamountofpleasurethepeoplegetfrombeingintherelationship.Peoplewhogotofootballmatchestogether,orwhogotothepubtogethermightbeinthistypeofrelationship.Theyarefriendsfortheirownsake,becausethefriendshipbringsthempleasureandenjoyment,notfortheirfriend'ssake.Friendshipsofpleasurearecommonamongyoungpeople.Youngpeoplequicklybecomefriendsandquicklyceasetobefriendsbecausewhatpleasuresthemchangesconstantly.
.FriendshipsofVirtue
Friendshipsofvirtue,unlikefriendshipsofutilityandpleasure,whichcanincludeacircleoffriends,arestrictlyoneononerelationships.Thesetypesoffriendshipscanonlyoccurbetweentwopeopleofthesamevirtuesandbothpersonshavetobevirtuous.Onecanonlybecomevirtuousthroughwisdomandage.Thereforefriendshipsofvirtuearenotfoundamongyoungpeople.Itisarelationshipofmutualrespectandlove.Thepersonsinthistypeofrelationshiparenotinitbecausetheygainsomethingfromtherelationship,theyarenotfriendsbecausetheyfindeachotherusefulorbringeachotherpleasure,butbecausetheyseevirtuesineachotherthattheyseeinthemselves.Theywishwellfortheirfriendsfortheirfriend'ssake.ItisnotsurprisingthatsuchrelationshipsarerareaccordingtoAristotle.
3)Discussion
Doyouhaveanygoodfriends?
Whatdoyouusuallydowithyourfriendswhenyouaretogether?
Whatkindofpeopledoyouliketomakefriendswith?
Doyouthinkfriendshipisanecessityinlife?
Whyorwhynot?
4)Quotesaboutfriendship.
Thefriendshipisaplantofslowgrowth.------GeorgeWashington
(Justlikeplants,friendshipneedsnurturing.Plantsfollowthelifecycleofseeds,shootsandflowersbeforetheybearfruits.Truefriendshipgrowsinmoreoflessthesameway.Ittakestimetomature.)
Beslowinchoosingafriend;slowerinchanging.------BenjaminFranklin
(Friendsandfriendshipsmayhavegreatinfluenceonourlivesandmaylastaslongaswelive.Soweshouldbecarefulwhenchoosingafriendandshouldbeevenmorecarefulwhenwedecidetoendthefriendship.)
Amanshouldkeephisfriendshipinconstantrepair.-------SamuelJohnson
(Thequotationtellsustheimportanceofmaintainingfriendships.Long-standingfriendshipsshouldbeconstantlystrengthenedanddeveloped;otherwisetheymayfadeorevenbelostforever.)
Truefriendshipislikesoundhealth;thevalueofitisseldomknownuntilitislost.------CharlesCalebColton(Inthisquotationfriendshipiscomparedtohealth.Oneoftenfailstoseethevalueofhealthuntiltiislost.Thesameistrueoffriendship.)
“Friendshipisunnecessary,likephilosophy,likeart…Ithasnosurvivalvalue;ratheritisoneofthosethingsthatgivevaluetosurvival.”
“IsanypleasureonearthasgreatasacircleofChristianfriendsbyagoodfire?
”
“Thenextbestthingtobeingwiseoneselfistoliveinacircleofthosewhoare.”
2.TextOrganization
PartIPara.1It’snecessarytoreviewsomeclassicalviewsoffriendshipinordertoacquireabetterunderstandingofit.
PartIIPara2-5AccordingtoAristotle,therearethreekindsoffriendship,whicharerespectivelybasedonutility,pleasureandgoodness.Friendshipbasedongoodnessisperfectandtotallydifferentfromfriendshipbasedonutilityorpleasure.
PartIIIPara6AccordingtoCicero,truefriendshipisonlypossiblebetweengoodmenanditisvirtuethatcreatesandpreservestruefriendship.
PartIVPara7Friendshipispermanentbetweenvirtuouspeoplewhoshareacommitmenttothegoodortowhatismorallyrightorworthyofpraise.
3.LanguagePoints
A.WordsandExpressions
1)notion:
n.anidea,belieforconcept
Eg.Ourmanagementsystemisbasedonthenotionsofpersonalequalityand
liberty.我们的管理体系是基于人的平等、自由观念而建立的。
Shehasnonotionofthedifficultyofthisproblem.
CF.idea,concept¬ion这些名词均有“思想”、“观点”、观念”之意。
idea最普通,几乎适用于任何方面的思维活动。
concept指从众多实例中通过概括、归纳而形成的对事物本质、全貌及其内部联系的比较系统的概念或看法。
notion指的是一种模糊的、变化莫测的想法,无可靠的基础,是未经深思熟虑的、甚至让人觉得荒谬的观点。
2)criterion:
n.standardbywhichsth.isjudged
Eg.Thecompany’scriterionforsuccessishighsales.
对一些出版商而言,评判一本书是否畅销的标准是长度而非内容。
Tosomepublishers,thecriterionofabookwhichwillsellwellislengthratherthancontent.
CF.standard&criterion这两个名词均含“标准”之意。
standard指公认为决定事物质量或人的品质的准则或原则。
例如:
Allrestaurantsinthetownwithalowstandardofhygienehavebeenforcedtoclose.城里所有卫生水准低的餐馆都被迫关门了。
criterion较正式用词,指判断、批评事物的标准,但不一定制成了规章。
例如:
Whatarethecriteriafordecidingwhogetstheprize?
评定获奖者以什么作标准。
3).appropriate:
adj.correctorsuitableforaparticularsituationoroccasion
Eg.Suitsarealwaysappropriateforajobinterview.
HHeHisformalstyleofspeakingwasappropriatetotheoccasion.
4)thin:
adj.nothavingthenecessaryqualitiestogaintheintendedresult
Eg.Histhinattemptsurelyresultedinnothing.
书评家认为她最近写的那部小说没什么意思。
Thecriticsfoundherlatestnovelratherthin.
5).classical:
adj.basedonorbelongingtoanoldorestablishedsystemof
principlesormethods,e.g.inartorscience
eg.Dressedinballetskirt,shedancedwithaclassicalelegance.
他将前往中国去研究中国古典诗歌。
HeisgoingtoChinatostudyChineseclassicalpoetry.
6)distinguishbetween:
recognizedifferencesbetween
Eg.Thetwinsaresoalikethatnoonecandistinguishbetweenthem.
不能辨别颜色的人称为色盲。
Peoplewhocannotdistinguishbetweencolorsaresaidtobecolor-blind.
7)utility:
n.thequalityorconditionofbeinguseful;usefulness
Eg.Farmanimalshaveeconomicvaluebecauseoftheirutility.
祖母总是怀疑洗碟机的实用价值。
Grandmahasalwaysdoubtedtheutilityvalueofadishwasher.
8)ground:
n.reason(s)orjustificationforsaying,doingorbelievingsth.
Eg.Shecan’taccepthisgroundfordivorce.
Hehasbeenfiredfromthejobonthegroundsofincompetence
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