精品推荐考研英语真题及解析.docx
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精品推荐考研英语真题及解析.docx
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精品推荐考研英语真题及解析
2
003年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题
SectionI
UseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankand
markA,B,CORDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)
Teachersneedtobeawareoftheemotional,intellectual,andphysicalchanges
thatyoungadultsexperience.Andtheyalsoneedtogiveserious
canbestsuchchanges.Growingbodiesneedmovementand
inwaysthatemphasizecompetition.
andawholehostofnewintellectualandemotionalchallenges,teenagersare
1
tohowthey
2
3
butnotjust
4
theyareadjustingtotheirnewbodies
especiallyself-consciousandneedthe
knowingthattheiraccomplishmentsare
5
thatcomesfromachievingsuccessand
byothers.However,thetypical
6
teenagelifestyleisalreadyfilledwithsomuchcompetitionthatitwouldbe
toplanactivitiesinwhichtherearemorewinnersthanlosers,,publishing
newsletterswithmanystudent-writtenbookreviews,studentartwork,and
sponsoringbookdiscussionclubs.Avarietyofsmallclubscanprovide10
7
8
9
opportunitiesforleadership,aswellasforpracticeinsuccessful11dynamics.
Makingfriendsisextremelyimportanttoteenagers,andmanyshystudentsneedthe
1
2
ofsomekindoforganizationwithasupportiveadult13visibleinthe
background.
Intheseactivities,itisimportanttorememberthattheyoungteenshave
14
attentionspans.Avarietyofactivitiesshouldbeorganized
15
participants
canremainactiveaslongastheywantandthengoonto
16
elsewithoutfeeling
guiltyandwithoutlettingtheotherparticipants
17.Thisdoesnotmeanthat
adultsmustacceptirresponsibility.
ofcommitmentby19forrolesthatarewithintheir20andtheirattention
spansandbyhavingclearlystatedrules.
18
theycanhelpstudentsacquireasense
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
.[A]thought
.[A]strengthen
.[A]care
[B]idea
[C]opinion
[C]stimulate
[C]exercise
[C]Whereas
[C]confidence
[C]ignored
[C]fair
[D]advice
[D]enhance
[D]leisure
[D]Because
[D]tolerance
[D]surpassed
[D]wise
[B]accommodate
[B]nutrition
[B]Although
[B]guidance
[B]admired
[B]risky
.[A]If
.[A]assistance
.[A]claimed
.[A]improper
.[A]ineffect
[B]asaresult
[C]forexample
[D]ina
sense
.[A]displaying
exchanging
9
[B]describing
[C]creating
[D]
1
1
0.[A]durable
1.[A]group
[B]excessive
[B]individual
[C]surplus
[D]multiple
[C]personnel
[D]
corporation
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2.[A]consent
3.[A]particularly
4.[A]similar
5.[A]ifonly
6.[A]everything
7.[A]off
[B]insurance
[B]barely
[B]long
[C]admission
[C]definitely
[C]different
[C]sothat
[D]security
[D]rarely
[D]short
[B]nowthat
[B]anything
[B]down
[D]evenif
[D]something
[D]alone
[C]nothing
[C]out
8.[A]Onthecontrary[B]Ontheaverage
[C]Onthewhole
[D]Onthe
otherhand
1
2
9.[A]making
[B]standing
[C]planning
[D]taking
0.[A]capability
[B]responsibility
[C]proficiency
[D]
efficiency
SectionII
ReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing
A],[B],[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
[
Text1
WildBillDonovanwouldhavelovedtheInternet.TheAmericanspymasterwho
builttheOfficeofStrategicServicesintheWorldWarⅡandlaterlaidtheroots
fortheCIAwasfascinatedwithinformation.Donovanbelievedinusingwhatever
toolscametohandinthe“greatgame”ofespionage—spyingasa“profession.”
ThesedaystheNet,whichhasalreadyre-madesucheverydaypastimesasbuyingbooks
andsendingmail,isreshapingDonovan’svocationaswell.
Thelatestrevolutionisn’tsimplyamatterofgentlemenreadingother
gentlemen’se-mail.Thatkindofelectronicspyinghasbeengoingonfordecades.
Inthepastthreeorfouryears,theWorldWideWebhasgivenbirthtoawholeindustry
ofpoint-and-clickspying.Thespookscallit“opensourceintelligence,”andas
theNetgrows,itisbecomingincreasinglyinfluential.In1995theCIAheldacontest
toseewhocouldcompilethemostdataaboutBurundi.Thewinner,byalargemargin,
wasatinyVirginiacompanycalledOpen-SourceSolutions,whoseclearadvantagewas
itsmasteryoftheelectronicworld.
AmongthefirmsmakingthebiggestsplashinthenewworldisStraitford,Inc.,
aprivateintelligence-analysisfirmbasedinAustin,Texas.Straitfordmakesmoney
bysellingtheresultsofspying(coveringnationsfromChiletoRussia)to
corporationslikeenergy-servicesfirmMcDermottInternational.Manyofits
predictionsareavailableonlineatwww.S.
StraifordpresidentGeorgeFriedmansaysheseestheonlineworldasakindof
mutuallyreinforcingtoolforbothinformationcollectionanddistribution,a
spymaster’sdream.Lastweekhisfirmwasbusyvacuumingupdatabitsfromthefar
cornersoftheworldandpredictingacrisisinUkraine.“Assoonasthatreport
runs,we’llsuddenlyget500newinternetsign-upsfromUkraine,”saysFriedman,
aformerpoliticalscienceprofessor.“Andwe’llhearbackfromsomeofthem.”
Open-sourcespyingdoeshaveitsrisks,ofcourse,sinceitcanbedifficulttotell
goodinformationfrombad.That’swhereStraitfordearnsitskeep.
Friedmanreliesonaleanstaffof20inAustin.Severalofhisstaffmembers
havemilitary-intelligencebackgrounds.Heseesthefirm’soutsiderstatusasthe
keytoitssuccess.Straitford’sbriefsdon’tsoundliketheusualWashington
back-and-forthing,wherebyagenciesavoiddramaticdeclarationsonthechancethey
mightbewrong.Straitford,saysFriedman,takes
independentvoice.
prideinits
2
2
2
1.TheemergenceoftheNethas
.
[
[
[
[
A]receivedsupportfromfanslikeDonovan
B]remoldedtheintelligenceservices
C]restoredmanycommonpastimes
D]revivedspyingasaprofession
2.Donovan’sstoryismentionedinthetextto
A]introducethetopicofonlinespying
.
[
[
B]showhowhefoughtfortheUS
[
C]giveanepisodeoftheinformationwar
D]honorhisuniqueservicestotheCIA
[
3.Thephrase“makingthebiggestsplash”(line1,paragraph3)mostprobably
means
.
[
[
[
[
A]causingthebiggesttrouble
B]exertingthegreatesteffort
C]achievingthegreatestsuccess
D]enjoyingthewidestpopularity
2
2
4.Itcanbelearnedfromparagraph4that
.
[
[
[
[
A]straitford’spredictionaboutUkrainehasprovedtrue
B]straitfordguaranteesthetruthfulnessofitsinformation
C]straitford’sbusinessischaracterizedbyunpredictability
D]straitfordisabletoprovidefairlyreliableinformation
5.Straitfordismostproudofits
.
[
[
[
[
A]officialstatus
B]nonconformistimage
C]efficientstaff
D]militarybackground
Text2
Toparaphrase18th-centurystatesmanEdmundBurke,“allthatisneededforthe
triumphofamisguidedcauseisthatgoodpeopledonothing.”Onesuchcausenow
seekstoendbiomedicalresearchbecauseofthetheorythatanimalshaverights
rulingouttheiruseinresearch.Scientistsneedtorespondforcefullytoanimal
rightsadvocates,whoseargumentsareconfusingthepublicandtherebythreatening
advancesinhealthknowledgeandcare.Leadersoftheanimalrightsmovementtarget
biomedicalresearchbecauseitdependsonpublicfunding,andfewpeopleunderstand
theprocessofhealthcareresearch.Hearingallegationsofcrueltytoanimalsin
researchsettings,manyareperplexedthatanyonewoulddeliberatelyharmananimal.
Forexample,agrandmotherlywomanstaffingananimalrightsboothatarecent
streetfairwasdistributingabrochurethatencouragedreadersnottouseanything
thatcomesfromoristestedinanimals—nomeat,nofur,nomedicines.Askedif
sheopposedimmunizations,shewantedtoknowifvaccinescomefromanimalresearch.
Whenassuredthattheydo,shereplied,“ThenIwouldhavetosayyes.”Askedwhat
willhappenwhenepidemicsreturn,shesaid,“Don’tworry,scientistswillfind
somewayofusingcomputers.”Suchwell-meaningpeoplejustdon’tunderstand.
Scientistsmustcommunicatetheirmessagetothepublicinacompassionate,
understandableway—inhumanterms,notinthelanguageofmolecularbiology.We
needtomakecleartheconnectionbetweenanimalresearchandagrandmother’ship
replacement,afather’sbypassoperation,ababy’svaccinations,andevenapet’s
shots.Tothosewhoareunawarethatanimalresearchwasneededtoproducethese
treatments,aswellasnewtreatmentsandvaccines,animalresearchseemswasteful
atbestandcruelatworst.
Muchcanbedone.Scientistscould“adopt”middleschoolclassesandpresent
theirownresearch.Theyshouldbequicktorespondtoletterstotheeditor,lest
animalrightsmisinformationgounchallengedandacquireadeceptiveappearanceof
truth.Researchinstitutionscouldbeopenedtotours,toshowthatlaboratory
animalsreceivehumanecare.Finally,becausetheultimatestakeholdersarepatients,
thehealthresearchcommunityshouldactivelyrecruittoitscausenotonly
well-knownpersonalitiessuchasStephenCooper,whohasmadecourageousstatements
aboutthevalueofanimalresearch,butallwhoreceivemedicaltreatment.Ifgood
peopledonothing,thereisarealpossibilitythatanuninformedcitizenrywill
extinguishthepreciousembersofmedicalprogress.
2
6.TheauthorbeginshisarticlewithEdmundBurke’swordsto
A]callonscientiststotakesomeactions
B]criticizethemisguidedcauseofanimalrights
.
[
[
[
C]warnofthedoomofbiomedicalresearch
[
D]showthetriumphoftheanimalrightsmovement
2
7.Misledpeopletendtothinkthatusingananimal
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