1991年英语考研真题及答案.docx
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1991年英语考研真题及答案.docx
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1991年英语考研真题及答案
Ⅰ.Ineachsentence,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.PutyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET(15point)
l.Theylosttheirwayintheforest,and_mademattersworsewasthatnightbeganto
fall.
A.thatB.itC.whatD.which
2._myretum,IlearnedthatProfessorSmithhadbeenattheMuseumandwouldnotbe
backforseveralhours.'
A.AtB.OnC.WithD.During
3.Anyonewhohasspenttimewithchildrenisawareofthedifferenceinthewayboysandgirls
respondto_situations.
A.similarB.alikeC.sameD.likely
4.Thereisnotmuchtimeleft;soI'lltellyouaboutit_.
A.indetailB.inbriefC.inshortD.inall
5.Inthisfactory,suggestionOftenhavetowaitformonthsbeforetheyarefully_.
A.admittedB.acknowledgedC.absorbedD.considered
6.Thereisarealposibilitythattheseanimalscouldbefrightened,_asuddenloud
noise.
A.beingthereB.shouldtherebeC.therewasD.therehavingbeen
7.Bytheyear2000,scientistsprobably_acureforcancer.
A.'willbediscoveringB.arediscovering
C.willhavediscoveredD.havediscovered
8.Jimisn't_,buthedidbadlyinthefinalexamslastsmester.
A.gloomyB.dullC.awkwardD.tedious
9.Theboyslippedoutoftheroomandheadedfortheswimmingpoolwithouthisparents'_
A.commandB.convictionC.consentD.compromise
IO.Hehad_onthesubject.
A.aratherstrongopinionB.ratherstrongopinion
C.ratherthestrongopinionD.theratherstrongopinion.
Il.WhenJanefelloffthebike,theotherchildren_
A.werenotabletohelplaughterB.couldnothelpbutlaughing
C.couldnothelplaughingD.couldnothelptolaugh
12.Itisbettertodieonone'sfeetthan_.
A.livingonone'skneesB.liveonone'sknees
C.onone'skneesD.toliveonone'sknees
13.Themostimportant__ofhisspeechwasthatweshouldallworkwholeheartedlyfor
thepeople.
A.elementB.spotC.senseD.point
14.Thiswatchis__toalltheotherwatchesonthemarket.
A.superiorB.advantageousC.superD.beneficial
15.Inatyphoon,winds_aspeedgreaterthan120kilometersperhour.
A.assumeB.accomplishC.attainD.assemble
16.__theEnglishexaminationIwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday.
A.InspiteofB.ButforC.BecauseofD.Asfor
17.Mary_myletter;otherwiseshewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.
A.hasreceivedB.oughttohavereceived
C.couldn'thavereceivedD.shouldn'thavereceived
18._tospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.
A.HardlyhadhebegunB.Nosoonerhadhebegun
C.NotuntilhebeganD.Scarcelydidhebegin
19.Annawasreadingapieceofsciencefiction,completely_totheoutsideworld.
A.beinglostB.havinglostC.losingD.lost
20.Thepolicemenwentintoaction_theyheardthealarm.
A.promptlyB.presentlyC.quicklyD.directly
21.ThelostcaroftheLeeswasfound_inthewoodsoffthehighway.
A.vanishedB.abandonedC.scatteredD.rejected
22.Dresswarmly,__you'llcatchcold.
A.onthecontraryB.orratherC.orelseD.innoway
23.Ourresearchhasfocusedonadrugwhichisso_astobeabletochangebrainchem-
istry.
A.powerfulB.influentialC.monstrousD.vigorous
24.Bobwascompletely_bytherobber'sdisguise.
A.takenawayB.takendownC.takentoD.takenin
25.Difficultiesandhardshipshave__thebestqualitiesoftheyounggeologist.
A.broughtoutB.broughtaboutC.broughtforthD.broughtup
26.Ourmodemcivilizationmustnotbethoughtofas_inashortperiodoftime.
A.beingcreatedB.tohavebeencreated
C.havingbeencreatedD.tobecreated
27.Eveniftheyareonsale,theserefrigeratorsareequalinpriceto,ifnotmoreexpensivethan,
__attheotherstore.
A.anyoneB.theothersC.thatD.theones
28.Thebankmanageraskedhisassistantifitwaspossibleforhimto__theinvestment
planwithinaweek.
A.workoutB.putoutC.makeoutD.setout
29.Heknowslittleofmathematics,and_ofchemistry.
A.evenmoreB.stilllessC.nolessD.stillmore
30.Thestudentsexpectedthere__morereviewingclassesbeforethefanilexam.
A.isB.beingC.havebeenD.tobe
Ⅱ.Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Forachquestionfouranswers
aregiven.Readthepassagescarefullyandchnosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.
PutyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.(30poinb)
l
Awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryforthetriumphofevilisforgoodmento
donothing.So,asapoliceofficer,Ihavesomeurgentthingstosaytogoodpeople.
DayafterdaymymenandIstruggletoholdbackatidalwaveofcrime.Somethinghasgone
terriblywrongwithouronce-proudAmericanwayoflife.Ithashappenedintheareaofvalues.A
keyingredientisdisappearing,andIthinkIknowwhatitis:
accountability.
Accountabilityisn'thardtodefine.Itmeansthateverypersonisresponsibleforhisorher
actionsandliablefortheirconsequences.
Ofthemanyvaluesthatholdcivilizationtogether--honesty,kindness,andsoon--account-
abilitymaybethemostimportantofall.Withoutit,therecanbenorespect,notrust,nolaw--
and,ultimately,nosociety.
Myjobasapolioeofficeristoimposeaccountabilityonpeoplewhorefuse,orhaveneverlearned,toimposeitonthemselves.Butaseverypolicemanknows,externalcontrolsonpeople'sbehaviorarefarlesseffectivethaninternalrestraintssuchasguilt,shameandembarrassment.
Fortunatelytherearestillcommunities--smallertowns,usually--whereschoolsmaintain
disciplineandwhereparentsholdupstandardsthatproclaim:
"Inthisfamilycertainthingsarenot
tolerated--theysimplyarenotdone!
"
Yetmoreandmore,especiallyinourlargercitisandsuburbs,theseinnerrestraintsare
loosening.Yourtypicalrobberhasnone.Heconsidersyourpropertyhisproperty;hetakeswhat
hewants,includingyourlifeifyouenragehim.
Themaincauseofthisbreak-downisaradicalshiftinattitudes.Thirtyyearsago,ifacrime
wascommitted,societywasconsideredthevictim.Now,inashockingreversal,it'sthecriminal
whoisconsideredvictimized:
byhisunderpriviledgedupbringing,bytheschoolthatdidn'tteach
himtoread,bythechurchthatfailedtoreachhimwithmoralguidance,bytheparentswho
didn'tprovideastablehome.
Idon'tbelieveit.Manyothersinequallydisadvantagedcircumstanceschoosenottoengage
incriminalactivities.Ifwefreethecriminal,evenpartly,fromaccountabiliy,webecomeasoci-
etyofendlessexcuseswherenooneacceptsresponsibilityforanything.
WeinAmericadesperatelyneedmorepeoplewhobelievethatthepersonwhocommitsa
crimeistheoneresponsibleforit.
31.Whatthewisemansaidsuggeststhat__.
A.it'sunnecessaryforgoodpeopletodoanythinginfaceofevil
B.it'scertainthatevilwillprevailifgoodmendonothingaboutit
C.it'sonlynaturalforvinuetodefeatevil
D.it'sdesirableforgoodmentokeepawayfromevil
32.Accordingtotheauthor,ifapersonisfoundguiltyofacrime,__.
A.societyistobeheldresponsible
B.moderncivilizationisrnponsibleforit
C.thecriminalhimselfshouldbeartheblame
D.thestandardsoflivingshouldbeimproved
33.Comparedwiththoseinsmalltowns,peopleinlargecitieshave__.
A.lessself-disciplineB.bettersenseofdiscipline
C.moremutualrespect.D.lesseffectivegovernment
34.Thewriterissorrytohavenoticedthat__.
A.peopleinlargecitiestendtoexcusecriminals
B.peopleinsmalltownsstillsticktoolddisciplineandstandards
C.today'ssocietylackssympathyforpeopleindifficulty
D.peopleindisadvantagedcircumstancesareengagedincriminalactivities
35.Thekeypointofthepassageisthat__.
A.stricterdisciplineshouldbemaintainedinschoolsandfamilies
B.moregoodexamplesshouldbesetforpeopletofollow
C.morerestrictionsshouldbeimposedonpeople'sbehavior
D.morepeopleshouldacceptthevalueofaccountability
2
Theperiodofadolescence,i.e.,thepersonbetweenchildhoodandadulthood,maybelong
orshort,dependingonsocialexpectationsandonsociety'sdefinitionastowhatconstitutesmatu-
rityandadulthood.Inprimitivesocietiesadolescenceisfrequentlyarelativelyshortperiodof
time,whileinindustrialsocietieswithpattemsofprolongededucationcoupledwithlawsagainst
childlabor,theperiodofadolescenceismuchlongerandmayincludemostoftheseconddecadeof
one'slife.Furthermore,thelengthoftheadolescentperiodandthedefinitionofadulthoodstatus
maychangeinagivensocietyassocialandeconomicconditionschange.Examplesofthistypeof
changearethedisappearanceofthefrontierinthelatterpartofthenineteenthcenturyintheU-
nitedStates,andmoreuniversally,theindustrializationofanagriculturalsociety.
Inmodernsociety,ceremoniesforadolescencehavelosttheirformalrecognitionandsymbolicsignifi-
canceandtherenolongerisagreementastowhatconstitutesinitiationceremonies.Socialoneshavebeenreplacedbyasequenceofstepsthatleadtoincreasedrecognitionandsocialstatus.Forexample,gradeschoolgraduation,highschoolgraduationandcollegegraduationconstitutesuchasequence,andwhileeachstepimpliescertainbehavioralchangesandsocialrecognition,thesignificanceofeachdependsonthesocio-economicstatusandtheeducationalambitionoftheindividual.Ceremoniesforadolescencehavealsobeenreplacedbylegaldefinitionsofstatusroles,right,privilegesandresponsibilitis.Itisduringthenineyearsfromthetwelfthbirthdaytothetwenty-firstthattheprotectiveandrestrict
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