版英语新导学笔记人教版选修六讲义Unit 4 Period Three.docx
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版英语新导学笔记人教版选修六讲义Unit 4 Period Three.docx
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版英语新导学笔记人教版选修六讲义Unit4PeriodThree
PeriodThree Grammar—Theuseof“it”
(2)
课文原句感知
1.Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmer(seeGraph1)andthatitishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarmingratherthanarandombutnaturalphenomenon.
2.ItwasascientistcalledCharlesKeelingwhomadeaccuratemeasurementsoftheamountofcarbondioxideintheatmospherefrom1957to1997.
3.Theyalsoagreethatitistheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasresultedinthisincreaseincarbondioxide.
强调句型中的it:
1.肯定句
Itis(was)+被强调部分+that(who)+其他部分:
ItwasinBeijingthatIsawthefilmWolfWarriors.
我是在北京看了电影《战狼》。
2.否定句
Itis(was)not+被强调部分+that(who)+其他部分
Itis(was)notuntil...+that+其他部分:
ItwasnotforseveralyearsthatIhadanopportunityofseeinghimagain.
=Ididnothaveanopportunityofseeinghimagainforseveralyears.
我有好几年没有机会再见到他了。
Itwasnotuntiltwelveo’clocklastnightthathewenttobed.
=Hedidn’tgotobeduntiltwelveo’clocklastnight.
昨晚他12点才去睡觉。
ItwasnotuntilIgotoffthebusthatIrealizedit.
=Ididn’trealizeituntilIgotoffthebus.
直到下车我才意识到这一点。
3.疑问句
(1)强调句的一般疑问句只需把is/was提前,即:
Is(Was)it+被强调部分+that(who)+其他部分:
Wasityouwho/thatbrokethewindow?
是你把窗户打破了吗?
(2)强调句的特殊疑问句,只需在一般疑问句前加上特殊疑问词即可,即:
特殊疑问词+is(was)it+that+其他部分:
Whowasitthatbrokethewindow?
打破窗户的是谁?
Whenwasitthatyoucalledmeyesterday?
你昨天是什么时候打电话给我的?
特别提示
(1)不论强调句子的哪一部分,都可用that连接句子的其余部分。
(2)被强调部分指人时,可用who取代that。
(3)it之后的be动词的时态通常要与that之后的谓语保持一致。
疑难辨析
高考中单纯考查it强调句型的试题越来越少,更多的是把它放在一个复杂的语境中,其中含有很多干扰因素在内,让人难以判断。
具体表现在以下几个方面:
1.与主谓一致结合在一起考查
强调主语时,that或who后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语的人称与数保持一致。
Itishewhoiswrong.错的是他。
2.强调句型要注意和it代表时间、距离、温度、自然现象、具体事物或人物等时所构成的各种句型的区别
Itwasat8o’clockthathearrivedhome.
他是八点到家的。
Itwas8o’clockwhenhearrivedhome.
他到家时八点了。
3.强调句型不能强调谓语,如需强调谓语,用助动词do,does或did
Hedidwritetoyoulastweek.
他上星期确实给你写信了。
4.强调句型与定语从句、主语从句、宾语从句、状语从句结合在一起
Itwasattheschoolthat/whichwasnamedaftertheherothathespenthischildhood.
他是在那所以英雄命名的学校度过了他的童年。
单句语法填空
1.ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentthatIfirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.(2017·天津)
2.Youarewaitingatawrongplace.Itisatthehotelthatthecoachpicksuptourists.(2016·天津)
3.ItwaswhenwewerereturninghomethatIrealizedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeoneintrouble.(2015·湖南)
4.Bachdiedin1750,butitwasnotuntiltheearly19thcenturythathismusicalgiftwasfullyrecognized.(2015·重庆)
5.It’snotdoingthethingswelike,butlikingthethingswehavetodothatmakeslifehappy.(2014·湖南)
6.Itwasthemiddleofthenightwhenmyfatherwokemeupandtoldmetowatchthefootballgame.(2014·江西)
7.WasitbecauseJackcamelateforschoolthatMrSmithgotangry?
(2014·四川)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.ItwasinFrancethathefellinlovewithoilpaintings.
2.Itwasonthefarmwherehisfatherworkedthathewasborn.
3.Howwasitthatshemanagedtopersuadeherhusbandtoresignfromthecompany?
4.ItwasLucyandMarythatwerechosentoattendtheceremony.
5.Whatwasitthatmadeyourteachersoangrytheotherday?
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
6.Itwasontheplayground
hefoundhisjacket.
7.Itwasbecauseofthebadweather
thefootballmatchhadtobeputoff.
8.It
bysellingvegetablesthatheusedtosupporthisfamily.
9.Itwasintheyear1995
sheleftfortheUSAforfurtherstudy.
10.It
herparentsthathelpedheroutwhenshewasintrouble.
Ⅲ.翻译句子
11.是苏珊和约翰昨天没来上学。
ItwasSusanandJohnwho/thatwereabsentfromschoolyesterday.
12.直到战争结束他才回到了他的祖国。
Itwasnotuntilthewarwasoverthathewentbacktohismotherland.
13.这位女士正在寻找的是一本中文词典。
ItwasaChinesedictionarythattheladywaslookingfor.
14.你到底是什么时候收到礼物的?
Whenwasitthatyoureceivedthegift?
15.这位教授是在1968年从山东大学毕业的吗?
Wasitin1968thattheprofessorgraduatedfromShandongUniversity?
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2017·四川南充高级中学高二检测)
Polarbearsaresufferingina16.warmer(warm)worldthanbefore.Polarbearsliveinenvironmentstoocold17.formostanimals.Duringmuchoftheyear,theyliveandhuntonthefrozenArcticseaice.Nature18.hasprepared(prepare)themforthecoldconditions.Butnothinghaspreparedthebearsforthedangerthat19.threatens(threat)theonlyhometheyknow.Thepolarbears’world20.ismelting(melt)now.Studiesshowthatthepolaricehasreducedby9.8%every10yearssince1978.Nowabout20,000to25,000polarbearsliveintheArctic.Polarbearsdependontheseaicefortheir21.survival(survive).“Theseaiceismorethanjusttheplatformthatthebearswalkover,”saysAndrewDerocher,ascientistwho22.studies(study)NorthAmericanpolarbearpopulations.“Withoutit,theycan’texist.”Somemeltingandrefreezingofthepolariceisnatural.23.Butinawarmerworld,thesecyclesspeedup,andbearshavelesstimetohunt.Normally,theyhavethreemonthsinspring24.whentheygainmoreweight.Theextrafatisusedlater,whenthebearsarenot25.actively(active)hunting.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In1978,Iwas18andwasworkingasanurseinasmalltownabout270kmawayfromSydney,Australia.Iwaslookingforwardtohavingfivedaysofffromduty.Unfortunately,theonlyonetrainadaybacktomyhomeinSydneyhadalreadyleft.SoIthoughtI’dhitcharide(搭便车).
Iwaitedbythesideofthehighwayforthreehoursbutnoonestoppedforme.Finally,amanwalkedoverandintroducedhimselfasGordon.Hesaidthatalthoughhecouldn’tgivemealift,Ishouldcomebacktohishouseforlunch.HenoticedmestandingforhoursintheNovemberheatandthoughtImustbehungry.Iwasdoubtfulasayounggirlbutheassured(使……放心)meIwassafe,andhealsoofferedtohelpmefindalifthomeafterwards.Whenwearrivedathishouse,hemadeussandwiches.Afterlunch,hehelpedmefindalifthome.
Twentyfiveyearslater,in2003,whileIwasdrivingtoanearbytownoneday,Isawanelderlymanstandingintheglaringheat,tryingtohitcharide.IthoughtitwasanotherchancetorepaysomeoneforthefavourI’dbeengivendecadesearlier.Ipulledoverandpickedhimup.Imadehimcomfortableonthebackseatandofferedhimsomewater.
Afterafewmomentsofsmalltalk,themansaidtome,“Youhaven’tchangedabit,evenyourredhairisstillthesame.”
Icouldn’trememberwhereI’dmethim.Hethentoldmehewasthemanwhohadgivenmelunchandhelpedmefindaliftallthoseyearsago.ItwasGordon.
语篇解读 25年前“我”得到Gordon的帮助,25年后Gordon又偶然地得到“我”的帮助。
作者通过这个故事告诉我们:
给予有时会产生好的结果。
1.Theauthorhadtohitcharideonedayin1978because.
A.herworkdelayedhertriptoSydney
B.shemissedtheonlytrainbackhome
C.shewasgoinghomeforherholidays
D.thetownwasfarawayfromSydney
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。
根据第一段最后两句可知,唯一的一趟回家的火车已经离开,所以“我”想搭便车回家,故B项正确。
2.WhichofthefollowingdidGordondoaccordingtoParagraph2?
A.Hehelpedthegirlfindaride.
B.Hegavethegirlaridebackhome.
C.Heboughtsandwichesforthegirl.
D.Hewatchedthegirlforthreehours.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。
根据第二段倒数第三句“...healsoofferedtohelpmefindalifthomeafterwards.”及最后一句可知,A项正确。
3.Thereasonwhytheauthorofferedalifttotheelderlymanwasthat.
A.sherealizedhewasGordon
B.shehadknownhimfordecades
C.shewasgoingtothenearbytown
D.shewantedtorepaythefavoursheoncegot
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。
根据第三段第二句可知,“我”认为这是回报二十五年前给“我”帮助的人的又一次机会。
故D项正确。
4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellthereadersthroughthestory?
A.Thosewhogiverideswillberepaid.
B.Goodmannersbringabouthappiness.
C.Givingsometimesproducesniceresults.
D.Peopleshouldofferfreeridestoothers.
答案 C
解析 写作意图题。
综合全文内容可知,25年前“我”得到Gordon的帮助,25年后Gordon又偶然地得到“我”的帮助。
所以作者想通过这个故事告诉我们:
给予有时会产生好的结果。
故选C项。
B
(2017·贵州都匀一中高二检测)
Ourenvironmentisn’tasgreenandbeautifulasitshouldbe.Therearesteel(钢铁)monstersblockingoutthesun,blowingoutdangeroussmoke,andlettingoutpoisonouschemicalsintotherivers,carsproducingharmfulwastegas,peoplethrowingoutwasteinawrongwayandallotherkindsofsourcesthatruintheplanet.Facingcurrentenvironmentalproblems,peopleneedtodotheirbesttosavetheearth.
Youcanseemanybiggarbagedustbinsinthestreets.They’renotthereforashow,butforyoutodropyourwaste.Weshouldrealizethatwhatwedodoescount.Sonexttimeyougetthaturgetothrowgumorachocolatepackageoutofthecarwindow,or“accidentally”dropasyouwalkdownthestreet,askyourselfhowmuchwasteyou’vebeencontributingtotheenvironmentwiththatbadhabitgoingonforyears.
Athome,thefirstthingwecandotoprotecttheenvironmentisavoidlettingwaterruncontinuouslyandmakesurethattaps(水龙头)arenotleaky(漏的),whichwouldhelpgreatlyinscrimping(节省).Anotheristouseenergysavinglights,andturnthemoffbeforeyouleavetherooms.Itisnotonlyenergysaving,butalsocutsdownelectricitycosts.
Recyclingisamethodtomakeitemsreusable.Manythingsyouwanttothrowoutcanbemadeintonewproductsthroughthereproducingprocess.Useyourimaginationtocomeupwithwaysonthingsthatyoucanuseagain.
Passthemessageofsimplewaystosavetheenvironmentontokids.Startingwithkidsisagoodwayofteachingthemessageearlyintheirlives,inthehopethattheycancarryitforwardastheygrowolder.
Withenvironmentalprotectionawarenessinmind,wecandowhatwecan,fortheresultsaretohaveabigeffectontheplanet.Aslongaswedoourpart,theworldisonesmallstepclosertobeingsaved.
语篇解读 本文主要介绍了一些如何保护环境的方法。
5.Inthefirstparagraphtheauthoruses“steelmonsters”todescribe.
A.hugebuildings
B.highmountains
C.bigfactories
D.charactersinfairystories
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。
根据画线词后的“blockingoutthesun,blowingoutdangeroussmoke,andlettingoutpoisonouschemicalsintotherivers”可知,steelmonsters遮挡太阳、排出有害气体并将有毒的化学物质排入河流,由此可知,steelmonsters指的就是大工厂,故C项正确。
6.Fromthefifthparagraph,wecanknowthat.
A.protectingtheenvironmentbeginswithsmallchores
B.protectingtheenvironmentshouldstartfromchildhood
C.wonderfullifecomesfromenvironmentalprotection
D.protectingtheenvironmentbenefitsthecountryandthepeople
答案 B
解析 段落大意题。
根据第五段中的“Passthemessageofsimplewaystosavetheenvironmentontokids.Startingwithkidsisagoodwayofteachingthemessageearlyintheirlives”可知,保护环境要从娃娃抓起,把环保意识和方法教给孩子们,故B项正确。
7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A.Themorepeopledotheirpart,thegreenertheenvironmentwillbe.
B.Sellingwhatyoudon’twantanymoreisakindofrecycling.
C.Toprotecttheenvironmentmayhelpyousavesomemoney.
D.Yourbadhabitsfortheenvironmentareavaluablecontribution.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。
根据第二段内容可知,我们的不良行为加速了环境问题,破坏了环境,故选D项。
8.Thepassageismainlyabout.
A.theuseofgarbagedustbins
B.howtosavewaterandelectricity
C.howtosavetheenvironment
D.ourcurrentenvironmentalproblems
答案 C
解析 主旨大意题。
通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了一些如何保护环境的方法,故C项正确。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2017·吉林梅河口五中高二检测)
OnAugust26,1999,NewYorkCitywasstruckbyaterriblerainstorm.Theraincausedthestreetsto9andthesubwaysystemalmostcametoastop.
Unfortunately,thishappenedduringthemorningrushhour.Manypeoplewhoweregoingtoworkwere10togohome.Somebattledto11ataxiortogetonabus.Stillothersfacedthe12bravely,walkingmilestogettowork.
I13tobeoneofthepeopleonthewaytoworkthatmorning.Iwentfromsubwaylinetosubwaylineonlytofindthatmost14hadstopped.Aftermakingmyway1
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