英语高考短文改错技能训练绵中版.docx

英语高考短文改错技能训练绵中版.docx

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英语高考短文改错技能训练绵中版

短文改错常见错误类型

1.谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点常见动词错误类型有：

①一般现在时与一般过去时错用；②and前后动词时态不一致；③主谓不一致；④缺少动词,特别是be动词；⑤第三人称单数形式错用；⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。

1）Theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkathome；theywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudies.（did改为do属于①）

2）Asweclimbedthemountain,wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.（visiting改为visited错误类型属于②）

3）Therewillanimportantgamenextmonth.（will后加be错误类型属于④）

4）Oneeveningshetoldmethatsomethinghappenedwhenherparentswasout.（③主谓不一致）

2.名词的常见错误：

单复数名词错用；注意区分名词是可数还是不可数；或根据名词前的修饰语或谓语动词的单复数来判断。

①I’llgetgoodmarksinallmysubject.（subject改为subjects）

②Theirwordwereagreatencouragementtome.（word改为words）

③Withoutenoughknowledges,youcanneverteachwell.（knowledges改为knowledge）

3.连词错误：

连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/or/but等（一般考查从句关系who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether）。

①Ihaveagoodfriendwho’snameisLiuMei.（错用了who的所有格形式改为whose）

②Iteachthem,playwiththem,butwatchthemgrowingup.（此处应该是并列的关系而非转折，but改为and）③Cleverassheis,butsheworksveryhard.

④WhenIwasachild,rainwasamystery.Inoneclass,Ilearneditrained.

4.冠词错误：

误用a和an（根据单词的因素来判定）；误用a和the（固定搭配，各自单独使用的地方），多余的冠词或则少冠词。

①Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof.（a改为thethesame是固定搭配）

②Aseveryoneknows,it’sfamousmountainwithallkindsofpants.（mountain是可数名词需用冠词，所以加a）

③Myteacheradvisedmetokeepmydairy.④Ihopeyouhavepleasantjourney.

5.形容词和副词错误

1）系动词后用形容词（be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel）

2）词性的误用：

形容词修饰名词；修饰实义动词，形容词和副词，过去分词用副词

①I’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytimetogether.（time是名词，所以要用形容词修饰）

②Mypronunciationwasterribly.

6.代词错误

1）代词的主格和宾格（I/me；He/him；She/her；We/usThey/them）

2）反身代词（myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves）

3）代词的单数和复数4）多余的代词和少代词

①SoonIbegantoenjoytalkingtomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmeinsimpleEnglish.（expressoneself,me改为myself）

②OnedayIwrotealittlestoryandshowedtomyteacher.（加it）

③Ifanyoneofushadanydifficultyinourlifeandstudy,theotherwouldhelphimout.④What’smore,youhavetobefriendswithyourpupilsandtakegoodcareofhim.

7.非谓语动词的常见错误

1）不定式，动名词作主语，宾语。

2）and连接的不定式或动名词前后一致（尤其距离较远时），3）介词后用动名词ving形式作宾语。

4）某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。

①SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasIwas….（enjoy后需接动名词talk--talking）②Buthisparentsthinkgotocollegeismoreimportantthanplayingsports.（作主语改为going）③Childrenmaynotdevelopthehabitofreadandtheabilitytoenjoythemselves.

④Iparticularlyenjoyeddrivingthroughthecountrysidewithyouandsawthechangingcolorsoftheleavesonthetrees.

8.介词错误：

1）词组中的介词误用，2）介词意思理解偏差，3）介词的多用或少用

①Therearetoomanypeopleamongmyfamily.（among改为ininmyfamily为固定搭配）

②IwassotiredthatIfellasleepatthemomentmyheadtouchedthepillow.（去掉at）

9.习惯用法要记住，主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。

这也是历年高考常考点，其错误表现形式主要有三种：

多词、少词和搭配错误。

①Itwasverykindforthemtomeetmeattherailwaystationand…of

②Wemustkeepinmindthatweplayfortheteaminstead∧ourselves.of

10.逻辑错误须关注，与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误。

如称谓上的张冠李戴，人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误，常是这类错误的考查对象。

①TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.their

②First,letmetellyousomethingmoreaboutmyself.去掉more

11.除了上述错误类型外，常考的错误形式还有：

连词but,and,or和so的用法错误（可以归类为逻辑错误），以及冠词的用法错误等。

①Shewassmilingbutnoddingatme.and

②Itlooksasifmyparentstreatmeasavisitorandaguest.or

③Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof.the

短文改错解题思路和检查原则

1）句中各部分的结构是否完整，特别是每个句子要有动词；（句子结构与句子成分）2）谓语动词的时态、语态；3）非谓语动词的用法；4）名词的单、复数，格的使用是否正确；5）定冠词和不定冠词是否正确；6）代词的格和性的使用是否有误；7）定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误；8）并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。

短文改错解题四原则

1）改动以最少为原则2）虚词以添加或删除为原则3）实词以改变词形为原则4）以保持句子原意为原则

短文改错解题步骤

1）通读全文，掌握大意2）整句分析，逐行推敲3）反复通读，复查验证

短文改错技能训练

1、

Todaywehadachemistrytest.Ifoundthetestdifficulty,butItriedhardlytodoit.SuddenlyMary,mybestfriend,askingmetolethertocopymyanswers.Afterthinkforsometime,Ilethercopymyanswers.Butafterthetest,allofuswerecalledtotheteacher’soffice.Theteacherwasangrybecausewehadsameanswersinthetests.Wewerewarnednottocheatagainsoshewouldneedtoseeourparents.Iwasveryupset.Ididn’tcheat.Iwasjusthelpingafriend.Whydoesshepunishme?

2、

Beforewindowswereused,oldhouseinNorthernEuropeandBritainwereverydarkness.Theirgreatroomswerehigh,withonlyaholeintherooftoletinthesmokeformcookingfire.Astimewenton,peoplebegintomaketheholesbiggerinordertohavemorelightandairintheirhomes.ThefirstEnglishwindowwasjustasmallopeninthewall.Itcutlongtoletinasmuchlightaspossible,andnarrowtokeepoutabadweather.Therefore,withthewindowcutslong,morewindthanlightwouldcomein.Thisiswhenitwascalled“Thewind’seye”.Andtheword“window”comesfromtwoancientwordsfor“wind”and“eye”.

3、

TodayisSunday.I’vebeeninCanadafortwomonths.ThisisthefirsttimethatI’vebeenawaymyfamilyforsuchalongtime.WiththehelpofKatia,aroommateofme,I’vesoongotusedtolivewithoutmyparentsaround.Katia,likemanyotherRussiangirls,areniceandlively.Webecamefriendsshortlyafterwemeeteachother.AlthoughherEnglishisalittlehardlytounderstand,weenjoychattingandweusuallytalkalotaboutourownfamily.We’rebothsurprisedthatChinesecultureorRussianculturearesodifferent.NowweareplanningasmallpartyforthenextSunday.There,Katiawillintroducemetosomeofherfriends,oneofwhohasbeentoChinaseveraltimes.Ijustcan’twait.

4、

Kenwashavingaseriousbackpain.Hewasinthehospital.ThedoctortalkedtoEva,Ken’s

wife,abouthercondition.Whensheaskedwhatseriousherhusband’sbacktroublewas,thedoctor

saidthatKenshouldhaveacompletelybedrest.Thismeantthathehastoliedownallthetime

for2or3weeksafterhecouldgohome.Hethenhadtostaybedforabout10days.Afterthat,he

couldonlygotuptwiceadaytomovearoundfor10minute.Finallyhecoulddosomeeasy

exercise.Whenhecouldwalkroundforanhour,hewasableleavethehospital.

5、

Lastmonthweboughtourtwo-year-olddaughteralittledog.Therearenotmanychildrenofheragetherewelive,andwethoughtadogwouldmakeherfeellessalone.Wewereright.Theyplaytogetherhappilyalldays.Ourdaughternowsmilesandlaughsalotmorethansheused.Inawayitislikehavingtwochildreninthehouse.Allofthemareveryuntidy,buttheycrywhentheydonotgetwhattheywant.Thedogiseasytolookafterthanmydaughter.Healwaysateupallhisfoodandwedon‟thavepilesofdirtyclothestowash.MywifeisalsohappybecauseofIhavegivenupsmoke.Thedogdoesn’tlikethesmell.

6、

MyneighborLiHaiisgoingtograduatecollegesoonandhehasn‟tfoundthejobyet.Hewasonceadvisingtolearncomputerskills,sohethoughtitwasdifficult.WhenhesawotherslearningEnglish,heshookhishead,saysitwastoohardtoremembernewwords.HeenjoyedwatchingTV,playingcards,smokeandsoon.Hefeltitwashardforhimtogiveawayallthesehabits.Notlongago,hewenttolookforajob.Whenheknewtalentsweregreatneeded,hesighedandregrettedthetimethatwhathehadwasted.Hetoldmehowhewishedhehasworkedhardincollegeandaskedmenottocopyhisexample.

7、

AnAmericanandaFrenchmandecidedtocrosstheseabetweenFranceandEnglandintheballoonin1784.Highoverthewater,theydiscoveraholeintheballoon.Theholebecamebiggerandbigger.Theairkeepstheballoonupwasescapingquicklyandtheballoonwascomingup.Thetwomenthrewalltheirequipmentsintothewatertomaketheballoonlight.Itstartedtorisehigheragain.Soitwasstilltooclosetothewater.Finally,thementhrewawaymostofhisclothestosavethemselves.ThecrowdwaitingfortogreettheminEnglandwasverysurprisedseethiswhentheballoonlandedinfrontofthem.

8、

The2014YouthOlympicGameskickedonintheeasternChinesecityofNanjingonSaturday.Over3000youngathletefromacrosstheworldgatherfortheopeningceremony.Itwasanightoffunthatnoonewantedtoendit.The40—minuteopeninggalafeaturedtraditionChineseperformanceslikedragondanceorTaichi.Itbeganwithafireworksdisplayabovethewenue.Thencametheparade,afterthattheIOCpresidentThomasBachconcludedhisopeningremarksbyasktheaudiencetojoinhimamass“selfie”withtheirsmartphones.PresidentXiofficiallyopenedtheGames.ThereweremorefireworksastheOlympicflagwasriseninthestadium.

9、

Iamangryaboutdishonestyintheexams.I’mnotsayingthatI’magoodstudentandthatI’venevercheated.Ioncewritetheansweronmyhandforahistorytestbut,luckily,caughtbymyteacher.Becauseshewasoneofmymostfavorites,therewerenowordstodescribehowsorryIfelt.IthoughtcheatwouldhelpmekeepmystraightA’s.LittleIrealizethatIwashurtingnotonlyherselfbutalsomyteacher.FromthislessonIknowteacherswantstudentstosucceedbylearningwiththeirownanddothebesttheycan,notbycheating.

10、

Peoplebornintheyearofthehorseareextremelyanimated,activeandenergetic.Horseslovetobeinacrowdandlikeentertainment.Theyhavesenseofhumorandtheylovetotakecenterstageanddelighttheaudienceanywhere.Theyaretrustworthy,friendlyandliketobesurroundedbytheirrelativesandfriends.Theyusuallyhadalargecircleofacquaintances,andtheyneverrelyontheirfriendstoomuch.Sometimes,thehorseisalittleself-centered,butitdoesn'tmeanthathewouldnotbeinterestedinanyproblemsexceptherown.However,ahorsepersonisreallymorecunningthanintelligent,t