陕西西安地区八校学年高三上学期第一次联考英语试题.docx
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陕西西安地区八校学年高三上学期第一次联考英语试题.docx
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陕西西安地区八校学年高三上学期第一次联考英语试题
陕西西安地区八校2020-2021学年高三上学期第一次联考英语试题
学校:
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___________考号:
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一、阅读选择
Listedherearefourofthethousandsofimpressivemuseumsaroundtheworld.
TheGuggenheimMuseumBilbaoinBilbao,Spain
Builtin1997,theGuggenheimMuseumBilbaoisoneofthenewestintheworld.IthastransformedtheindustrialcityofBilbaointoatravelers'desireddestination.Thebeautifularchitectureofthemuseumhasprovidedadramaticbackgroundformoviesandcommercials.
TheLouvreinParis,France
ProbablythemostfamousLouvrealsoholdsthemostfamouspaintingintheworld,the“MonaLisa”byLeonardodaVinci.Crowdscanbefoundanydaysurroundingthesmall,butmysteriouspaintingofthesmilingwoman.But,theLouvreismuchmorethanahometothe“MonaLisa”.TheLouvreisvisitedbymorepeopleeachyearthananyothermuseumintheworld.
TheBarnesFoundationinPhiladelphia,America
Justopenedinitsnewdowntownlocationin2012,theBarnesFoundationis“unique”inthatitisacompletelyreproduceddisplayfromoneman'sprivatecollection.Dr.AlbertC.Barnesstartedcollectingartintheearly20thcenturyandcollected,amongothers,thelargestnumberoforiginalRenoirpaintingsintheworld.
TheUffiziGalleryinFlorence,Italy
Walkingonthemarbledfloorsfeelslikesteppingbackintime.Thebuildingitselfisabeautifulpalace—likestructurewithfrescoes(湿壁画)decoratingtheceilingsandwalls.Viewersarebowledover(印象深刻)bytheworksbyBotticelli,suchas“TheBirthofVenus”.Classicartworksfromnearly1,000yearsagodescribereligiouseventsofthetime.
1.Whichofthefollowingisthemostpopular?
A.TheLouvre.
B.TheGuggenheimMuseumBilbao.
C.TheBarnesFoundation.
D.TheUffiziGallery.
2.WhatmakestheBarnesFoundationparticular?
A.Itsstructure.B.Itscollection.
C.Itslocation.D.Itshistory.
3.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?
A.Anactivityposter.
B.Anexhibitionannouncement.
C.Anartshowreview.
D.Atravelguide.
"DidyouhearwhathappenedtoAdamlastFriday?
"LindseywhisperstoTori.
Withhereyesshining,Toribrags,"YoubetIdid,Seantoldmetwodaysago."
WhoareLindseyandToritalkingabout?
Itjusthappenedtobeyourstruly,AdamFreedman,Icantellyouthatwhattheyaresayingis(a)notniceand(b)noteventrue.Still,LindseyandToriaren'tverydifferentfrommoststudentshereatLintonHighSchool,includingme.Manyofourconversationsaregossip(闲话).Ihavenoticedthreeeffectsofgossip:
itcanhurtpeople,itcangivegossipersastrangekindofsatisfaction,anditcancausesocialpressuresinagroup.
Animportantnegativeeffectofgossipisthatitcanhurtthepersonbeingtalkedabout.Usually,gossipspreadsinformationaboutatopic—breakups,troubleathome,evendroppingout—thatapersonwouldratherkeepsecret.Themoreembarrassingorshamefulthesecretis,thejuicierthegossipitmakes.Probablytheworsttypeofgossipistheabsolutelie.Peopleoftenthinkofgossipersasharmless,butcruelliescancausepain.
Ifweknowthatgossipcanbeharmful,thenwhydosomanyofusdoit?
Theanswerliesinanothereffectofgossip:
thesatisfactionitgivesus.Sharingthelatestrumor(传言)canmakeapersonfeelimportantbecauseheorsheknowssomethingthatothersdon't.Similarly,hearingthelatestrumorcanmakeapersonfeellikepartofthe"ingroup".Inotherwords,gossipissatisfyingbecauseitgivespeopleasenseofbelongingorevensuperiority(优越感).
Gossipalsocanhaveathirdeffect:
itstrengthensunwritten,unspokenrulesabouthowpeopleshouldact.ProfessorDavidWilsonexplainsthatgossipisimportantinpolicingbehaviorsinagroup.Translatedintohighschoolterms,thismeansthatifeverybodyyouhangaroundwithislaughingatwhatJohnworeorwhatJanesaid,thenyoucanbetthatwearingorsayingsomethingsimilarwillgetyouthesamekindofnegativeattention.Thedo'sanddon'tsconveyedthroughgossipwillnevershowupinanystudenthandbook.
Theeffectsofgossipvarydependingonthesituation.Thenexttimeyoufeeltheurgetospreadthelatestnews,thinkaboutwhyyouwanttogossipandwhateffectsyour"juicystory"mighthave.
4.Theauthorusesaconversationatthebeginningofthepassageto_________.
A.introduceatopicB.presentanargument
C.describethecharactersD.clarifyhiswritingpurpose
5.Animportantnegativeeffectofgossipisthatit___________.
A.breaksuprelationshipsB.embarrassesthelistener
C.spreadsinformationaroundD.causesunpleasantexperiences
6.ProfessorDavidWilsonthinksthatgossipcan____________.
A.providestudentswithwrittenrules
B.helppeoplewatchtheirownbehaviors
C.forceschooltoimprovestudenthandbooks
D.attractthepolice'sattentiontogroupbehaviors
7.Whatadvicedoestheauthorgiveinthepassage?
A.NeverbecomeagossiperB.Stayawayfromgossipers
C.Don'tletgossipturnintoliesD.Thinktwicebeforeyougossip
Doyoueverpullyourphoneoutofyourpocket,thinkingitisvibrating(振动),onlytofindthatitisnˈt?
Thisphenomenon,whichscientistscall"phantom(幻觉的)phonevibration",isverycommon.Around80%ofpeoplesurveyedsaytheyhaveimaginedtheirphonesvibratingwhentheywereactuallystill.
So,whatleadstothisuniversalbehavior?
AccordingtotheBBC,theexplanationliesinyourbrainˈsabilitytodiscoversignalsfromtheoutsideworld.Whenyourphoneisinyourpocket,therearetwopossiblestates:
itiseithervibratingornot.Meanwhile,youalsohavetwopossiblestatesofmind:
thejudgmentthatthephoneisvibrating,orthatitisnˈt.Ideally,youmatchthefourstatescorrectly.
However,sometimesyourbraindecidesthattheresultsofmissingacallaremoreseriousthana"falsealarm".Therefore,youbecomemoresensitive(敏感的)tovibrationssothatyoudonˈtmissanything.Thisisjustlikethefirealarminyourhome---itcanbeannoyingwhenitgoesoffinresponsetojustatinybitofsmoke.Butthatˈsasmallpricetopaycomparedtoafirereallybreakingoutbecausethealarmfailstoalertyou.Now,youmightstillask:
whycanˈtourbrainsjustmakeeveryjudgmentcorrectlywithoutbeingtoosensitivetofalsesignals?
Theansweristhatyourbrainbearsaheavyburdeneveryday."Yougetalargeamountofsensory(感觉的)informationthatˈscomingfromyoureyes,earsandskin,andyoucanˈtdealwithallthatinformationallthetime,"MichaelRothberg,aresearcheratBaystateMedicalCenterinSpringfield,US,toldLiveScience.
Forexample,therustling(沙沙声)ofclothingorthegrowling(咕咕声)ofyourstomachmaybothleadyourbraintobelievethattheycomefromthevibrationofyourphone-itisliketryingtohearyournamebeingcalledinanoisyroom.
So,perhapsyoushouldjustcheckyourphonewheneveryouthinkitˈsvibrating.Itˈsnottoomuchtroubletodothat,isit?
8.Accordingtothispassage,phantomphonevibration______.
A.iscommonamongpeoplewithmentalproblems
B.canmeasurepeopleˈsabilitytocollectinformation
C.happenswhenourbrainsreactsensitivelytofalsesignals
D.helpsourbrainstomakeveryquickandaccuratedecisions
9.Whyisthefirealarmusedasanexampleinthispassage?
A.Toshowusthefirealarmisassensitiveasthephonevibration.
B.Tohelpusunderstandthecauseofphantomphonevibrationbetter.
C.Totellusthephonevibrationusuallyhappenswhenafirebreaksout.
D.Toconvinceusitˈsimportanttocheckourphoneslikecheckingafirealarm.
10.AccordingtoMichaelRothberg,whichismainlyresponsibleforphantomphonevibration?
A.Anoisybackground.B.Alackofmuchattention.
C.Aheavyburdeneveryday.D.Anoverflowofsensoryinformation.
11.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestwedoaboutphantomphonevibration?
A.Weshouldalwaysfullybelieveourownsenseoflistening.
B.Weshouldjustcheckourphoneswheneverwethinktheyˈrevibrating.
C.Weshouldignorethevibrationbotheringwhenourphonesareactuallystill.
D.Weshouldthinkofthevibrationcarefullybeforewemakecorrectjudgments.
AMENTORING(导师制)programisgivinglifechangingopportunitiestoBanburyyouth.
YoungInspirationswasfoundedtwoyearsagotoprovidementoringsessionsforstudentsandunemployedyoungadultsaged11to21.
AlexGoldberg,theprogram’sfounder,said:
“WesetupYoungInspirationsbecausewewantedtogiveyoungpeopleexperienceswhichwillpotentiallybelifechangingandbroadentheiroutlook.”“Wetrytocreateworkexperienceopportunitiesthatwillreallymakeadifferencetoouryouth.Forexample,we’vesecuredinternships(实习)withworld-famousfirmssuchasHonda.”
“Atatimeoffundingcutbacks,schoolsarefindingitmoreandmoredifficulttoofferthiskindofmentoringbecauseofthat.Itisextremelyimportantthattheseopportunitiesareavailablebothtohelpyouthwiththeirschoolworkandgradesandtogivethemopportunitieswhichmayhelpshapetheirfutures."KieranHepbum,14,isoneofagroupofBanburyyouthwhohasbenefitedfromtheprogramsofar.InOctobertheBanburySchoolpupilwasaccompaniedbyYoungInspirationsstafftoPariswherehewasanobserverattheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization’s(UNESCO)InternationalYouthForum(论坛).
Theeventwasheldforyoungpeoplefromaroundtheworld,toseektheirviewsonhowthefutureofyouthandeducationshouldlook.Kieranjoinedseveralhundredobserversmostlyintheir
20sandwastheonlyUKschoolpupiltoattendtheevent.Kieranthinksthetripwasalifechangingexperience.Beforeweleft1didn’tquiteknowwhattomakeofitbutwhenwegottherewedidn'tstop、itwasamazing”hesaid,“Wewenttothreeorfourhoursofdebateseachdayandthendidsomethingculturaleachafternoon.”
Themainthemeoftheforumwasho
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