21新高考英语北师大一轮复习课时提能练42.docx
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21新高考英语北师大一轮复习课时提能练42.docx
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21新高考英语北师大一轮复习课时提能练42
课时提能练(四十一)
选修7 Unit21 HumanBiology(A)
课时作业A:
基础层面
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Localbusinessesareclosingata/therateofthreeayear.
2.Iwillnotidle(虚度)awaymytimeandbesorryinvainwhenmyyouthfulheadbecomeswhite.
3.IwouldrathersurftheInternetthangotothecinema.
4.Themeetingwhichisreportedto_be_held(hold)thismonthhasbeenputofftilltheendofnextmonth.
5.It'scruelofhimtokillhismother.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.Itisniceforyoutogiveussomuchhelp.for→of
2.Strangely,MrGreen,opposingtothenewpolicy,madenoremarkinthediscussion.opposing→opposed
3.Ialwayshavefaithhewillcometoourpartyinperson.faith后加that
4.Mydeskmate,ratherthanyou,areresponsibleforthework.are→is
5.Hemadefortuneinhisbusinesstradelastyear.made后加a
Ⅲ.选词成篇
A
straightaway,caterto,getdownto,atrandom,focuson,indespair,bringup,beresponsiblefor,stopitinitstracks
Someschools1.focus_onthenumberofthestudentsadmittedtokeyuniversities.Inorderto2.cater_totherequestofsociety,they3.get_down_toaddinglessons4.at_random.Asaresult,alotofstudentsthinkthey're5.in_despairandtiredofbeing6.brought_upatschool.Someparentsthinkthatthelocalgovernmentshould7.be_responsible_foritandshould8.stop_it_in_its_tracks9.straight_away.
B
wipeout,rob...of...,atanyrate,invain,prohibit...from...,atallcosts,submitto
Threerobberswerebelievedtohave10.robbedabankofalargefortuneyesterday.Thegovernmentorderedthatthepoliceshouldfindtherobbers11.at_any_rate.Thepoliceimmediatelyblockedthemainroadsand12.prohibitedthesuspectsfromescapingbut13.in_vain.Theauthoritysaidthatsuchcrimeswerehardtotolerateandmustbe14.wiped_out15.at_all_costs.Atpresent,thepoliceareseekingtheinformationaboutthecaseandurgethecriminalto16.submit_tothepolice.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.Thevillageshouldn't_have_been_wiped_out(本不应该被彻底冲走的)ifthetreesaroundithadbeenprotectedwellenough.
2.Mostofusaredoubtful_whether(怀疑是否)theboyreallyhad_his_purse_robbed_of(被抢了钱包)onhiswayhomeyesterday.
3.We_must_take_measures(我们必须采取措施)togetthepricestodeclineby10percentatanyrate.
4.Generallyspeaking,itiswrongtoachieveyouraimat_the_cost_of_your_health(以你的健康为代价).
5.Having_been_here_for_a_year(待在这儿一年了),Ifitinquitewellnowdespitesomedifficulties.
课时作业B:
能力层面
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·绵阳市第一次诊断)Wearewhatweeat.Thatisanoldexpression,butoneworthknowing.Arecentlookatdietsaroundtheworldshowsthatpeoplewhoeathealthyfood—andnottoomuchofit—livelonger.Butwhichareasoftheworldhavethebestdiets?
Researchersfoundthatfoodsinsomeofthehealthiestdiets—Mediterraneandiet,NewNordicdiet,JapanesedietandFrenchdiet—maybeverydifferent,buttheyareallheavyonlocalandseasonalfoods,whichincludemorevegetablesandseafoodandlessredmeat.
Mediterraneandietcontainslotsoffruits,vegetables,wholegrains,nutsandoliveoil.Thediethasproperamountsoffishandpoultry(家禽肉).Redmeatandfoodshighinsugarandsaltarenotbigpartsofthisdiet.
NewNordicdiethaswholegrainslikeoatsandrye,vegetablessuchascarrots,broccoliandeggs,seafood,fruits,oil,lowfatmilkandcheese.Sugarydessertsarenotcommoninthisdiet.
Japanesepeoplearesomeofthelongestlivingpeopleontheplanet,withwomenupto87yearsoldandmenupto80.TheJapanesedietisthereasonforsuchlengthsoflife.Thediethasmanyfoodsthatarelowincaloriesandhighinnutrients.Japanesepeopleeatalotofseaweed,tofu,rice,vegetablesandfish.Thetraditionthereistostopeatingwhenyourstomachfeels80percentfull.
However,Frenchpeopleeatfattyfoodsbutdonotgetfat.Andtheylivealongtime.Thisphenomenoniscalledthe“FrenchParadox”.ThereasonwhytheFrencheatfattyfoodswithoutgettingfatmaybesimple.Theyeatless.ServingsizesinFrenchrestaurantsandofproductssoldinstoresaresmallerthanthoseinmostcountries.Andgenerallyspeaking,mostFrenchpeopledonotsnack.Thismeanstheydonoteatfoodbetweenmeals.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了世界上四种最健康的饮食。
1.Whatdoweknowaboutthehealthiestdietsaroundtheworld?
A.Theycontainabundantcalories.
B.Theytendtobeexpensive.
C.Theysharecertainsimilarities.
D.Theyreflectpopulartastes.
C [推理判断题。
根据第一段中的“maybeverydifferent,buttheyareallheavyonlocalandseasonalfoods,whichincludemorevegetablesandseafoodandlessredmeat”可知,尽管有不同之处,但世界上最健康的饮食都使用很多当地的和时令的食物,包括更多的蔬菜和海鲜,更少的红肉。
由此可知,世界上最健康的饮食有一定的相似之处,故选C项。
]
2.WhatisconsideredasaharmfuleatinghabitinJapanesetradition?
A.Goinglowincalories.
B.Eatingtothefullest.
C.Havingmuchseafood.
D.Pickingmanyfoods.
B [推理判断题。
根据第四段中的“Thetraditionthereistostopeatingwhenyourstomachfeels80percentfull”可知,日本的传统是吃八成饱。
由此可推知,吃得很饱在日本被认为是不良的饮食习惯,故选B项。
]
3.Howdoestheauthordevelopthecentralideainthelast4paragraphs?
A.Bybuildingconnections.
B.Byexploringreasons.
C.Bylistingexamples.
D.Byanalyzingfigures.
C [写作手法题。
通读后四段可知,作者列举了这些健康饮食中的食物,故本文后四段是通过举例子的方式来说明中心观点的。
]
4.Whichcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?
A.Whatisthehealthiestdietonearth?
B.Howdoestheoldexpressionserve?
C.Whyisahealthydietsoimportant?
D.Wherecanwefeedourselveswell?
A [标题判断题。
通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了世界上四种最健康的饮食。
故A项作为文章标题最合适。
]
B
(2019·昆明市摸底调研)Anewstudyshowsthatrisinglevelsofplanetwarminggasesmayreduceimportantnutrients(营养物)infoodcrops.
Researchersstudiedtheeffectsofcarbondioxideonrice.Intheexperiment,scientistsgrew18kindsofriceinfieldsinChinaandJapan.Theysetcarbondioxidelevelstowhatscientistsarepredictingforourplanetbytheendofthecentury.Ricegrownunderhighcarbondioxideconditionshad,onaverage,13to30percentlowerlevelsoffourBvitaminsand10percentlessprotein(蛋白质).Thecropsalsohad8percentlessironand5percentlesszincthanricegrownundernormalconditions.However,vitaminElevelsincreasedbyabout13percentonaverage.
Theresearcherssaidtheeffectsofplanetwarminggaseswouldbemostsevereforthepoorestcitizensinsomeoftheleastdevelopedcountries.Thesepeoplegenerallyeatthemostriceandhavetheleastcomplexdiets.Thatincludesabout600millionpeopleinIndonesia,Cambodia,Myanmar,Bangladesh,Laosandothernations,mainlyinSoutheastAsia.
Otherstudieshaveshownthathighertemperaturesfromclimatechangeandweatherextremeswillreducefoodproduction.Andscientistsarefindingthatrisinglevelsofcarbondioxideandotherplanetwarminggasesthreatenfoodquality.
Earlierstudiesshowedthatwheat,rice,fieldpeasandsoybeansgrownunderhighcarbondioxideconditionsallhadlowerlevelsofproteinandminerals.Scientistspredictedthatalmost150millionpeoplemightbeatriskofhavingtoolittleproteinorzincintheirdietby2050.
Thenewstudysuggestsawaytolowerthenutritionalharmofclimatechange.Thatistogrowdifferentformsofricethatcanadapttohighercarbondioxidelevels.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了温室气体如何减少粮食作物中的营养物质以及降低气候变化对营养物的损害的方法。
5.Growingriceunderhighcarbondioxideconditionsmay________.
A.increaseironintherice
B.makeitlessnutritious
C.causelossesofvitaminE
D.makeitmoredelicious
B [细节理解题。
根据第二段中的“Ricegrownunderhighcarbondioxideconditionshad,onaverage,13to30percentlowerlevels...lessprotein(蛋白质)”可知,B项为正确答案。
A、C、D三项的表述均与原文表述不符。
]
6.Howcanpeoplereducethenutritionalharmofclimatechange?
A.ByimportingricefromChinaandJapan.
B.Bytakingotherkindsoffoodinsteadofrice.
C.ByavoidingeatingricefromSoutheastAsia.
D.Bygrowingricesuitablefortheenvironment.
D [细节理解题。
根据文章最后一句“Thatistogrowdifferentformsofricethatcanadapttohighercarbondioxidelevels”可知,D项为正确答案。
]
7.What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingthetext?
A.Toinformreaderswhatnutrientsfoodcropscontain.
B.Tocallonpeopletocarefortheplanettheyliveon.
C.Tosharetheresultsofsomestudiesonpeople'sdiets.
D.Totellreaderswherefoodcropsaremainlyproduced.
B [写作意图题。
通读全文可知,本文通过介绍温室气体增加对粮食作物的影响来唤起人们对人类赖以生存的地球家园的保护。
故选B。
]
8.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanyoureadthetext?
A.Advertisements.B.Artandculture.
C.Sciencereports.D.Businessnews.
C [推理判断题。
通读全文,尤其是文中的“study”“Researchers”“studies”等可推知,本文是一篇研究报道,在杂志的科学报道部分能读到本文。
]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2019·长沙市统一模拟)Stevewasaseventhgrader,abigboy,lookingmorelikeateenagerthana12yearold.Yet,hewentunnoticed—hehadbeen__1__everyexaminationsincefirstgrade—untilMissWilmaappeared.
Inthemiddleofthefirstsemesterofschool,theentireseventhgradewas__2__forbasicskills.
“Youalldidprettywell,”MissWilmatoldtheclassaftergoingoverthe__3__,“exceptforoneboy.Andit__4__myhearttotellyouthis,but...”she__5__,“thesmartestboyintheseventhgradeisfailingmyclass.”Steve__6__hiseyesandcarefullyexaminedhisfingertips.
Afterthat,Stevestillwouldn'tdohishomework.EvenifMissWilma__7__punishedhim,heremained__8__.
“Steve,please!
Icareaboutyou!
”
__9__,Stevegotit!
“SomeoneCARESABOUTME?
!
”
OneMondayacoupleofweekslater,MissWilmagavea__10__ontheweekendhomework.Steve__11__throughthetestandwasthefirsttohandinhispaper.Withalookof__12__,MissWilmatookhispaperandbegantolookitover.
MissWilma'sfacewasina__13__shock!
SheglancedupatSteve,then__14__,thenup.Thesmartestboyintheseventhgradehadjustpassedhisfirsttest!
Fromthatmoment,nothingwasthesameforSteve.Hediscoveredthatnotonlycouldherememberandunderstand__15__,buthecouldtranslatewhathelearnedintohislife.Hebecame__16__.
Afterhighschool,SteveenlistedintheNavy,andhehada(n)__17__militarycareer.Duringhisnavalyears,heinspiredmanyyoungpeoplewhomightnot
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