高中英语 牛津上海版高一话题阅读疾病与健康专项阅读训练有答案.docx
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高中英语 牛津上海版高一话题阅读疾病与健康专项阅读训练有答案.docx
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高中英语牛津上海版高一话题阅读疾病与健康专项阅读训练有答案
话题:
疾病与健康
Passage1
Americandoctorssaythatmotherswhosmokecigarettesbeforetheirbabiesarebornmayslowthegrowthoftheirbabies’lungs.Theysayreducedlunggrowthcouldcausethebabiestosufferbreathingproblemsandlungdiseaselaterinlife.DoctorsinBoston,Massachusettsstudied1100children.Themothersofsomeofthechildrensmoked,theothermothersdidnot.Doctorsfoundthatthelungsofthechildrenwhosemotherssmokedwere8%lessdevelopedthanthelungsofthechildrenwhosemothersdidnotsmoke,andthatthechildrenwhosemotherssmokeddeveloped20%morecoldandbreathingdiseasesthanotherchildrenlaterinlife.
Anotherrecentstudyfoundthatchildrenhadagreaterchanceofdevelopinglungcanceriftheirmotherssmoked.Thestudyalsoshowedthatthedangeroflungcancerincreasedonlyforsonsandnotfordaughters,andthatthefather’ssmokingdidnotaffectachild’schanceofdevelopinglungcancer.
1.Motherwhosmokesbeforeherchildisbornmay_______.
A.slowthegrowthofherbaby’slung
B.causeherbabytosufferbreathingproblemsandlungdiseaselaterinlife
C.makeherchilddeveloplungcancer
D.Allofaboveareright
2.DoctorsinBostonstudied1100childrento_______.
A.examinewhetherthesechildrenwerehealthy
B.findoutwhethertheirmothershadsmoked
C.findwhythesechildrensufferedbreathingproblemsandlungdisease
D.lookintotheeffectthatmother’ssmokinghadontheirchildren
3.SupposeJohn’sfatherwasaheavysmoker,sowasMary’smother.Accordingthispassage,_______.
A.Johnismorelikelytodeveloplungcancer
B.Maryismorelikelytodeveloplungcancer
C.JohnandMaryhavethesamechancetodevelopcancer
D.neitherJohnnorMaryhasthechancetodevelopcancer
4.Thispassageisto_______.
A.warnusofthedangerofsmokingbeforechildren
B.warnpeoplewithbreathingproblemsnottosmoke
C.warnusthatmotherswhosmokemayaffecttheirchildren’shealth
D.warnusthatfatherswhosmokemayaffecttheirchildrenasmothers
【答案与解析】本文介绍了母亲吸烟对孩子身体健康的影响。
1.D。
推断题。
根据文章第1段第一、二句及第2段第1句可推知此题答案为D。
2.D。
推断题。
根据文章第1段中介绍DoctorsinBoston的实验结果,可推知此题答案为D。
3.B。
推断题。
文章第2段说:
最近另一项研究发现,如果母亲吸烟,那么孩子得肺癌打骂能性会增大。
研究还表明:
儿子得肺癌的危险性增加,而女儿没有;父亲吸烟对小孩得肺癌的可能性无影响,从而可推知此题答案为B。
4.C。
主旨题。
根据文章第1句、最后一句及全文内容可推知此题答案为C。
Passage2
HOWTOQUITSMOKING
Whenthinkingaboutquitting(givingup)…
Listallthereasonswhyyouwanttoquit.Everynightbeforegoingtobed,repeatoneofthereasons10times.
Decidepositivelythatyouwanttoquit.Trytoavoidnegative(消极的)thoughtsabouthowdifficultitmightbe.Developstrongpersonalreasonsinadditiontoyourhealthandobligations(责任)toothers.Forexample,thinkofallthetimeyouwastetakingcigarettebreaks,rushingouttobuyapack,huntingforalight,etc.Setadateforquitting—perhapsaspecialdaylikeyourbirthdayoraholiday.Ifyousmokeheavilyatwork,quitduringyourvacation.Makethedatesacredseriously,anddon’tletanythingchangeit.Begintoconditionyourselfphysically;startamodest(适度的)exercise;drinkmorewater;getplentyofrest.
Immediatelyafterquitting…
Thefirstfewdaysafteryouquit,spendasmuchfreetimeaspossibleinplaceswheresmokingisprohibited(forbidden),e.g.libraries,museums,theatres,departmentsstores,etc.
Drinklargequantitiesofwaterandfruitjuice.Trytoavoidwine,coffee,andotherdrinkswhichremindyouofcigarettesmoking.
Strikeupaconversationwithsomeoneinsteadofamatchforacigarette.
Ifyoumissthesensation(感觉)ofhavingacigaretteinyourhand,playwithsomethingelse-apencil,apenoraruler.
Ifyoumisshavingsomethinginyourmouth,tryatoothpickorafake(仿制的)cigarette.
1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisbestsupportedbytheauthor?
A.Wheneveryoufeellikeacigarette,trytoforgetitbystartingaconversationwithsomeone.
B.Trytobeanice-breakerbeforeaskingforalight.
C.Ifyoumissthesensationofhavingacigaretteinyourmouth,playwithapen.
D.Everynightbeforegoingtobed,repeatthereasons10times.
2.Fromthepassage,weknowsmokers_______.
A.wastealotoftimesmoking
B.havetostoptosmokefromtimetotime
C.canonlyquitsmokingduringtheirholiday
D.startamodestandeasyexercise
3.Theauthorsuggested_______.
A.allkindsofdrinksbeavoidedimmediatelyafterquitting
B.drinkingwaterandfruitjuiceimmediatelyafterquitting
C.tryinglow-tar(低焦油)cigarettesimmediatelyafterquitting
D.spendingasmuchtimeaspossibleinpublicplaces
4.Ifthearticleisinanewspaper,whichsectionitisin?
A.Sports.B.News.C.HealthD.Culture.
【答案与解释】众所周知,吸烟有害健康,但对烟民来说戒烟并非易事。
作者从烟民开始实施戒烟和戒烟成功初期两个时段向读者提出了很多很好的建议。
1.A。
细节题。
根据Strikeupaconversationwithsomeoneinsteadofamatchforacigarette可知答案。
2.A。
细节题。
根据…thinkofallthetimeyouwastetakingcigarettebreaks…可知答案。
3.B。
细节题。
根据Drinklargequantitiesofwaterandfruitjuice可知答案。
4.C。
主旨题。
根据常识,戒烟是为了健康,故选C。
Passage3
Abouttenmenineveryhundredsufferfromcolorblindnessinsomeway.Womenareluckier,onlyaboutoneintwohundredisaffectedinthismatter.Perhaps,afterall,itissafertobedrivenbyawoman.
Therearedifferentformsofcolorblindness.Insomecasesamanmaynotbeabletoseedeepred.Hemaythinkthatred,orangeandyellowareallshadesofgreen.Sometimesapersoncannottellthedifferencebetweenblueandgreen.Inrarecasesanunluckymanseeeverythinginshadesofgreen—astrangeworldindeed.
Colorblindnessinhumanbeingsisastrangethingtoexplain.Inasingleeyetherearemillionsofverysmallthingscalled“cones”.Thesehelpusseeinabrightdayandtellthedifferencebetweencolors.Therearealsomillionsof“rods”,buttheseareusedforseeingwhenitisnearlydark.Theyshowusshapebutnocolor.Someinsectshavefavoritecolors.Mosquitoes(蚊子)likebluebutdonotlikeyellow.Aredlightwillnotattractinsects,butabluelampwill.Inasimilarwayhumanbeingsalsohavefavoritecolors.Yetwearelucky.Withtheaidoftheconesinoureyeswecanseemanybeautifulcolorsbyday,andwiththeaidoftherodswecanseeshapesatnight.Onedaywemayevenlearnmoreabouttheinvisiblecolorsaroundus.
1.Thispassageismainlyabout________.
A.coloranditssurprisingeffectsB.womenbeingluckierthanmen
C.dangercausedbycolorblindnessD.colorblindness
2.Accordingtothepassage,withthehelpofthe“cones”,wecan________.
A.telldifferentcolorsB.seeinweaklight
C.telldifferentshapesD.tellorangefromyellow
3.Whydosomepeoplesayitissafertobedrivenbywomen?
A.Womenaremorecareful.B.Therearefewercolorblindwomen.
C.Womenarefonderofdrivingthanmen.D.Womenareweakerbutquickerinthinking.
参考答案1-3DAB
Passage4
EllenParkerwasworriedaboutherhealth.Shecouldn’twalkveryquicklyanditwasdifficultforhertoclimbstairs,shewassoonoutofbreath.
“IsupposeIhadbettergotothedoctor,”shethought.
Shewenttothedoctorandtoldhimherproblem.
“I’mnotatallsurprised,”hesaid.“It’sclearwhatyourproblemis.”
Heexaminedherandthengavehersomeadvice.“Ifyoudon’tdowhatIsay,MrsParker,”hesaid,“thenyouwillhaveaheartattack.Itcouldkillyou.”
Ellenwasveryworriedassheleftthedoctor’s.
Sheknewthatshehadtotakehisadvicebutthatitwouldnotbeeasyandthatitwouldtaketime.
Thenextdayshewentshopping.Thefirstshopshewentintowasabutcher’sshop.
“I’dliketenpoundsofsteak,please,”shesaid.
“Certainly,madam,”thebutcherrepliedandwentintothecoldstorageroomandfoundalargepieceofsteak.
Hebroughtthehugepieceofmeatbackintotheshopandplaceditonthescale(秤).
“That’sjustundertenpounds,”hesaid.
Thebutcherworkedouttheprice.
“At$4.99apoundthatwillbe$45.50please.ShallIcutitupintosmallpiecesforyou?
”
“Oh,Idon’twanttobuythemeat,”MrsParkersaid.
“Ifyoudon’twanttobuyit,”thebutcherreplied,“whydidyouaskmetogetitforyou?
”
“Ijustwantedtoseewhat10poundsofmeatlookedlike.”
1.MrsEllenParkervisitedherdoctorbecause______.
A.shehadhadaheartattack
B.shewasunhappyaboutherweight
C.shehadaproblemwithherhealth
D.shecouldn’tsleepwell
2.After the doctor examined Mrs Ellen Parker,he advisedherto______.
A.eatmoremeat
B.loseweight
C.comeandseehimagain
D.lookafterherheart
3.Mrs Ellen Parkerasked for ten pounds of steakbecause______.
A.shewantedtobuysomefordinner
B.shewantedtoloseweight
C.herdoctoraskedhertodoso
D.shewantedtoknowthesizeof10-poundmeat
4.MrsEllenParker’srealproblemwasthat______.
A.sheatetoomuchsteak
B.shecouldn’twalkquickly
C.sheweighedtoomuch
D.shecouldn’tclimbstairs
5.We can infer(推断)that at the end of the story thebutcherwasvery___.
A.angry B.excited C.surprised D.proud
参考答案:
1-5CBDCA
Passage5
Doyouloveholidaysbuthatetheincreaseweightthatfollows?
Youarenotalone.
Holidaysarehappydayswithpleasureanddeliciousfoods.Manypeople,however,areworriedabouttheweightthatcomesalongwiththesedeliciousfoods.
Withproperplanning,though,itispossibletocontrolyourweight.Theideaistoenjoytheholidaysbutnottoeattoomuch.Youdon'thavetoturnawayfromthefoodsthatyouenjoy.Thefollowingsuggestionsmaybeofsomehelptoyou.
Donotmissmeals.Beforeyouleavehomeforafeast
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