全国自学考试英语阅读二真题.docx
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全国自学考试英语阅读二真题.docx
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全国自学考试英语阅读二真题
绝密★考试结束前
全国2012年10月高等教育自学考试
英语阅读
(二)试题
课程代码:
00596
请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
全部题目用英文作答(翻译题除外)。
选择题部分
注意事项:
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如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
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I.ReadingComprehension(50points,2pointsforeach)
Directions:
Inthispartofthetest,therearefivepassages.Followingeachpassage,thereare
fivequestionswithfourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethebestanswerandthen
blackenthecorrespondingletteronyourAnswerSheet.
PassageOne
Fromtimetotime,weneedanexpert.Insuchsituations,theInternethasbeenlikeagiftfromthegods.Intheolddays,authoritieswerenearathandforexpertadvice:
thevillageseamstressonhowtomakeabuttonhole,theblacksmithonhowtotakecareofahorse’shooves,ortheapothecaryonwhattodoaboutwarts.OntheInternet,adviceandanswersitesarepoppingupallovertheplace,withself-proclaimedexpertsattheready.
Eclaimstohave“tensofthousandsofexpertswhocanhelpyou,”whilethemorerestrainedA,ownedbyTheNewYorkTimes,limitsitspitchto“AskAnything!
RealPeople.RealAnswers.”It’ssaidthatexpertsitesorknowledgenetworksrepresentthelateststageintheInternet’sevolution,a“democratizationofexpertise.”However,ifyourquestionisaboutsomethingotherthan“Whoinventedthelightbulb?
”,theanswersarelikelytobeawildpotpourri
ofpersonalopinions.
Topcollegesanduniversitiesarerushingintoonlineeducation,butthebignewsistheproliferationofanewbreedoffor-profitonlineinstitutionsbringingInterneteducationtothemasses.“TheInternetwillprobablybethesinglemostdemocratizingforceineducation,”saysColumbiaBusinessSchoolDeanMeyerFeldberg,whoenvisionseducationalprogramsbeingroutedthroughthenettohundredsofmillionsofpeople.
ThelargestonlineinstitutionistheUniversityofPhoenix,withsome6,000studentstodayandhopesofreaching200,000studentsin10years.Theuniversityoffersbachelor’s,master’s,anddoctoraldegreesinbusinessmanagement,technology,education,andnursing.Theuniversitynotesthatitsdegreeprogramscostfarlessandmaytakesomestudentsfarlesstimetocomplete.
Ontheotherhand,aBusinessWeeksurveyof247companiesfoundthatonlyahandfulwouldconsiderhiringapplicantswhoearnedtheirMBAdegreesonline.Whetherthatwillchangeasfor-profitonlineuniversitiesimprovetheirofferingsandgraduatesprovetheirworth-isanyone’sguess.
TherestoftheworldismovingintocyberspacemoreslowlythantheUnitedStates,and,inthedevelopingworld,theInternethashardlypenetratedatall.UNSecretary-GeneralKofiAnnanisdeterminedtochangethisthroughtheUnitedNationsInformationTechnologyService,whichwilltrainlargenumbersofpeopletotapintotheincomeenhancingpoweroftheInternet.AnnanisalsoproposinganInternethealthnetworkthatwillprovidestate-of-the-artmedicalknowledgeto10,000clinicsandhospitalsinpoorcountries.
Questionsl-5arebasedonPassageOne.
1.Fromthepassagewemayassumethattheauthor______.
A.trustsolddaysexpertsmorethanonlineones
B.believesthatmostoftheonlineexpertsarequalified
C.truststheintelligenceoflargeamountsofexpertsonline
D.believesthatonlineexpertscananswerpeople’squestionsbetter
2.Fromparagraph2wecaninferthattheauthor’sattitudetowardsexpertsonlineis_________.
A.excitedB.neutral
C.doubtfulD.indifferent
3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sopiniontowardsthefutureofonlineeducation?
A.Peoplehavetowaitandsee.
B.Itispredictableinfuturedevelopment.
C.Itcannotthrivewithoutgoodmanagement.
D.Peoplebelievethatitisdoomedfromthestart.
4.Theunderlinedphrase“state-of-the-art”inparagraph6means______.
A.advancedandinlargequantityB.verycreativeandartistic
C.skillfulandattractiveD.verymodern
5.KofiAnnan’sUnitedNationsInformationTechnologyServiceaimsat______.
A.improvingUNstaff’scomputerskill
B.promotingtheuseoftheInternetovertheworld
C.providingmedicalknowledgetopoorhospitals
D.promotingtheuseoftheInternetintheUnitedStates
PassageTwo
Nowadaysthereisaremarkableconsensusamongeducatorsandbusinessandpolicyleadersononekeyconclusion:
weneedtobringwhatweteachandhowweteachintothe21stcentury.Rightnowwe’reaimingtoolow.Competencyinreadingandmath—thefocusofsomuchNoChildLeftBehind(NCLB)testing–isthemeagerminimum.Scientificandtechnicalskillsare,likewise:
utterlynecessarybutinsufficient.Today’seconomydemandsnotonlyahigh-levelcompetenceinthetraditionalacademicdisciplinesbutalsowhatmightbecalled21stcenturyskills.Here’swhattheyare:
Knowingmoreabouttheworld.Kidsareglobalcitizensnow,eveninsmall-townAmerica,andtheymustlearntoactthatway.MikeEskew,CEOofUPS,talksaboutneedingworkerswhoare“globaltradeliterate,sensitivetoforeigncultures,conversantindifferentlanguages”—notexactlystrongpointsintheU.S.,wherefewerthanhalfofhighschoolstudentsareenrolledinaforeign-languageclassandwherethesocial-studiescurriculumtendstofixateonU.S.history.
Thinkingoutsidethebox.Jobsintheneweconomy—theonesthatwon’tgetoutsourcedorautomated–“putanenormouspremiumoncreativeandinnovativeskills,seeingpatternswhereotherpeopleseeonlychaos,”saysMarcTucker,anauthoroftheskills-commissionreportandpresidentoftheNationalCenteronEducationandtheEconomy.Traditionallythat’sbeenanAmericanstrength,butschoolshavebecomelessdaringintheback-to-basicsclimateofNCLB.Kidsalsomustlearntothinkacrossdisciplines,sincethat’swheremostnewbreakthroughsaremade.It’sinterdisciplinarycombinations—designandtechnology,mathematicsandart–“thatproduceYouTubeandGoogle,”saysThomasFriedman,thebest-sellingauthorofTheWorldIsFlat.
Becomingsmarteraboutnewsourcesofinformation.Inanageofoverflowinginformationandproliferatingmedia,kidsneedtorapidlyprocesswhat’scomingatthemanddistinguishbetweenwhat’sreliableandwhatisn’t.“It’simportantthatstudentsknowhowtomanageit,interpretit,validateit,andhowtoactonit,”saysDellexecutiveKarenBruett,whoservesontheboardofthePartnershipfor21stCenturySkills,agroupofcorporateandeducationleadersfocusedonupgradingAmericaneducation.
Developinggoodpeopleskills.EQ,oremotionalintelligence,isasimportantasIQforsuccessintoday’sworkplace.‘‘Mostinnovationstodayinvolvelargeteamsofpeople,”saysformerLockheedMartinCEONormanAugustine.“Wehavetoemphasizecommunicationskills,theabilitytoworkinteamsandwithpeoplefromdifferentcultures.”
Questions6-10arebasedonPassageTwo.
6.Thepassageismainlyconcernedwith______.
A.theNoChildLeftBehindprogramasaminimumrequirement
B.interdisciplinarycombinationfor21stcenturyschooleducation
C.theoverallcompetencerequiredofastudentinthe21stcentury
D.emotionalintelligenceasameanstocareersuccessinthe21stcentury
7.Iftheworkersareglobaltradeliterate,theyshouldbe______.
A.globalcitizensevenwhentheyarekids
B.armedwithforeignculturesandlanguages
C.livinginbigcitiesratherthaninsmalltowns
D.goodatdoingbusinesswithpeoplesovertheworld
8.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatAmericankidsusedtobestrongat______.
A.makinginterdisciplinarycombinations
B.social-studiescoursesandU.S.history
C.producingYouTubeandGoogle
D.creativeandinnovativethinking
9.Whatshouldastudentinanageofexplodinginformationdowithnewsourcesofinformation?
A.Theyshouldguardagainstthewronginformation.
B.Theyshouldbeabletotellthedifferencebetweenthem.
C.Theyshouldknowhowtointerpretandorganizethem.
D.Theyshouldbeabletoprocessthemandidentifythereliableones.
10.Accordingtothepassage,emotionalintelligenceinvolves______.
A.teamwork,cooperationskillsandcommunicationskills
B.abilitytodealwithpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds
C.abilitytomakeinnovationsaswellashighintelligence
D.successintoday’sworkplacewithpeoplefrommanycultures
PassageThree
IthasbeentwodecadessincethefateofabashfulbirdthatmostpeoplehadneverseencametosymbolizethebitterdivideoverwhethertosaveorsawdowntheancientforestsofthePacificNorthwest.YetitwasnotuntilThursdaythatthefederalgovernmentoffereditsfinalplantopreventthebird,thenorthernspottedowl,fromgoingextinct.
Afterrepeatedrevisions,constantcourtfightsandshiftingscience,theFishandWildlifeServicepresentedaplanthataddressesarangeofthreatstotheowl,includingsomethatfewimaginedwhenitwaslistedasathreatenedspeciesin1990.
Thenewerthreatsincludeclimatechangeandthearrivalofaformidablefeatheredcompetitor,thebarredowl,inthesoaringold-growthevergreensofWashington,OregonandCaliforniawherespottedowlsnestandhunt.
Oneexperimentincludedintheplan:
shootinghundredsofbarredowlstoseewhetherthathelpsspottedowlsrecover.
Evenafteralltheseyearssincethespottedowlbecamethecausecélèbreoftheenvironmentalmovement,itisfarfromclearthattheplanisasolution.Advocatesonbothsidessayitwillinevitablybechallenged,andbothsideshaveexpressedfrustrationwiththeObamaadministrationontheissue.
Thespottedowlisdecliningbyanaverageof3percentperyearacrossitsrange.WhilesomepopulationsinSout
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