四级阅读真题及答案.docx
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四级阅读真题及答案.docx
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四级阅读真题及答案
2020年6月四级阅读真题及答案
2020年6月四级阅读真题及答案
SectionA
Directions:
Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.
Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Globalwarmingisatrendtowardwarmerconditionsaroundtheworld.Partofthewarmingisnatural;wehaveexperienceda20,000-year-longwarmingasthelasticeageendedandtheice36away.However,wehavealreadyreachedtemperaturesthatarein37withotherminimum-iceperiods,socontinuedwarmingislikelynotnatural.Weare38toapredictedworldwideincreaseintemperatures39between1and6coverthenext100years.Thewarmingwillbemore40insomeareas,lessinothers,andsomeplacesmayevencooloff.Likewise,the41ofthiswarmingwillbeverydifferentdependingonwhereyouare—coastalareasmustworryaboutrisingsealevels,whileSiberiaandnorthernCanadamaybecomemorehabitable(宜居的)and42forhumansthantheseareasarenow.
Thefactremains,however,thatitwilllikelygetwarmer,on43,everywhere.Scientistsareingeneralagreementthatthewarmerconditionswehavebeenexperiencingareatleastinparttheresultofahuman-inducedglobalwarmingtrend.Somescientists44thatthechangesweareseeingfallwithintherangeofrandom(无规律的)variation—someyearsarecold,otherswarm,andwehavejusthadanunremarkablestringofwarmyears45—butthatisbecominganincreasinglyrareinterpretationinthefaceofcontinuedandincreasingwarmconditions.
注意:
此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A)appealingI)melted
B)averageJ)persist
C)contributingK)ranging
D)dramaticL)recently
E)frequentlyM)resolved
F)impactN)sensible
G)lineO)shock
H)maintain
参考答案
36.melted
37.line
38.contributing
39.ranging
40.dramatic
41.impact
42.appealing
43.average
44.maintain
45.recently
SectionB
Directions:
Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.EachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphsIdentifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.
TheEndoftheBook?
[A]Amazon,byfarthelargestbooksellerinthecountry,reportedonMay19thatitisnowsellingmorebooksinitselectronicKindleformatthanintheoldpaper-and-inkformat.Thatisremarkable,consideringthattheKindlehasonlybeenaroundforfouryears.E-booksnowaccountfor14percentofallbooksalesinthecountryandareincreasingfarfasterthanoverallbooksales.E-booksalesareup146percentoverlastyear,whilehardbacksalesincreased6percentandpaperbacksdecreased8percent.
[B]Doesthisspellthedoomofthephysicalbook?
Certainlynotimmediately,andperhapsnotatall.WhatitdoesmeanisthatthebookbusinesswillgothroughatransformationinthenextdecadeorsomoreprofoundthananyithasseensinceGutenbergintroducedprintingfrommoveabletypeinthe1450s.
[C]Physicalbookswillsurelybecomemuchrarerinthemarketplace.Massmarketpaperbacks,whichhavebeendecliningforyearsanyway,willprobablydisappear,aswillhardbacksformysteries,thrillers,“romancefiction,”etc.
Suchbooks,whichonlyrarelyendupinpermanentcollections,eitherprivateorpublic,willprobablyonlybeavailablease-bookswithinafewyears.Hardbackandtradepaperbacksfor“serious”nonfictionandfictionwillsurelylastlonger.Perhapsitwillbecomethemarkofanauthortoreckonwiththatheorsheisstillpublishedinhardcopy.
[D]Asforchildren'sbooks,whoknows?
Children's
booksarelikedogfoodinthatthepurchasersarenottheconsumers,sothemarket(andthemarketing)isinherentlystrange.
[E]Forcluestothebook'sfuture,let'slookatsome
examplesoftechnologicalchangeandseewhathappenedtotheoldtechnology.
[F]Onetechnologyreplacesanotheronlybecausethenewtechnologyisbetter,cheaper,orboth.Thegreaterthedifference,thesoonerandmorethoroughlythenewtechnologyreplacestheold.Printingwithmoveabletypeonpaperdramaticallyreducedthecostofproducingabookcomparedwiththeold-fashionedoneshandwrittenonvellum,whichcomesfromsheepskin.ABible—tobesure,alongbookrequiredvellummadefrom300sheepskinsandcountlessmanhoursoflabor.Beforeprintingarrived,aBiblecostmorethanamiddle-classhouse.Therewereperhaps50,000booksinallofEuropein1450.By1500therewere10million.
[G]Butwhileprintingquicklycausedthehandwrittenbooktodieout,handwritinglingeredon(继续存有)wellinto
the16thcentury.Veryspecialbooksarestilloccasionallyproducedonvellum,buttheyareone-of-a-kindshowpieces.
[H]Sometimesanewtechnologydoesn'tdrivetheoldoneout,butonlypartsofitwhileforcingtheresttoevolve.Themovieswerewidelypredictedtodrivelivetheateroutofthemarketplace,buttheydidn't,becausetheaterturnedout
tohavequalitiesmoviescouldnotreproduce.Equally,TVwassupposedtoreplacemoviesbut,again,didnot.
[I]Moviesdid,however,fatallyimpactsomepartsoflivetheater.AndwhileTVdidn'tkillmovies,itdidkill
second-ratepictures,shorts,andcartoons.
[J]NordidTVkillradio.Comedyanddramashows(“Jack
Benny,”“AmosandAndy,”“TheShadow”)allmigratedtotelevision.Butbecauseyoucan'tdriveacarandwatch
televisionatthesametime,rushhourbecameradio'sprime,
whilemusic,talk,andnewsradiogreatlyenlargedtheiraudiences.Radioistodayaverydifferentbusinessthaninthelate1940sandamuchlargerone.
[K]Sometimesoldtechnologylingersforcenturiesbecauseofitssymbolicpower.Mountedcavalry(骑兵)
replacedthechariot(二轮战车)onthebattlefieldaround1000BC.ButchariotsmaintainedtheirplaceinparadesandtriumphsrightupuntiltheendoftheRomanEmpire1,500
yearslater.Theswordhasn'thadamilitaryfunctionfora
hundredyears,butisstillpartofanofficer'sfull-dress
uniform,preciselybecauseaswordalwayssymbolized“an
officerandagentleman.”
[L]Sometimesnewtechnologyisalittlecranky(不稳定的)
atfirst.Televisionrepairmanwasacommonoccupationinthe1950s,forinstance.Andsotheoldtechnologyremainsasabackup.SteamshipscapturedtheNorthAtlanticpassengerbusinessfromsailinthe1840sbecauseofitsmuchgreaterspeed.Butsteamshipsdidn'tlosetheirsailsuntilthe1880s,becauseearlymarineengineshadanastyhabitofbreakingdown.Untilshipsbecamelargeenough(andenginessmallenough)tomounttwoenginessidebyside,theyneededtokeepsails.(Thehighcostofsteamandthelesserneedforspeedkeptthemajorityoftheworld'soceanfreight
movingbysailuntiltheearlyyearsofthe20thcentury.)
[M]Thenthereisthefireplace.Centralheatingwaspresentineveryupper-andmiddle-classhomebythesecondhalfofthe19thcentury.Butfunctioningfireplacesremaintothisdayapowerfulsellingpointinahouseorapartment.Isuspectthereasonisadeep-rootedloveofthefire.Firewasoneoftheearliestmajortechnologicaladvancesforhumankind,providingheat,protection,andcookedfood(whichismucheasiertocatanddigest).Humancontroloffiregoesbackfarenough(overamillionyears)thatevolutioncouldhaveproducedageneticleaningtowardsfireasacentralaspectofhumanlife.
[N]Books—especiallybookstheaveragepersoncouldafford—haven'tbeenaroundlongenoughtoproduce
evolutionarychangeinhumans.Buttheyhaveapowerfulholdonmanypeoplenonetheless,aholdextendingfarbeyondtheirliterarycontent.Attheirbest,theyareworksofartandthereisatactile(触觉的)pleasureinbooksnecessarilylost
ine-bookversions.Theabilitytoquicklythumbthroughpagesisalsolost.Andaroomwithbooksinitinduces,atleastinsome,afeelingnotdissimilartothatofafireinthefireplaceonacoldwinter'snight.
[O]ForthesereasonsIthinkphysicalbookswillhavealongerexistenceasacommercialproductthansomecurrentlypredict.Likeswords,bookshavesymbolicpower.Likefireplaces,theyinduceasenseofcomfortandwarmth.And,perhaps,similartosails,theymakeausefulback-upforwhenthelightsgoout.
注意:
此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
46.Authorsstillpublishedinprintedversionswillbeconsideredimportantones.
47.Somepeoplearestillinfavorofprintedbooksbecauseofthesenseoftouchtheycanprovide.
48.Theradiobusinesshaschangedgreatlyandnowattractsmorelisteners.
49.Contrarytomanypeople'spredictionofitsdeath,
thefilmindustrysurvived.
50.Remarkablechangeshavetakenplaceinthebookbusiness.
51.Oldtechnologysometimescontinuestoexistbecauseofitsreliability.
52.Theincreaseofe-booksaleswillforcethebookbusinesstomakechangesnotseenforcenturies.
53.Anewtechnologyisunlikelytotaketheplaceofanoldonewithoutaclearadvantage.
54.Paperbacksofpopularliteraturearemorelikelytobereplacedbye-books.
55.Ahousewithafireplacehasastrongerappealtobuyers.
参考答案
46.CPhysicalbookswillsurelybecomemuchrarerinthemarketplace….
47.NBooks—especiallybookstheaverage
48.JNordidTVkillradio
49.HSometimesanewtechnologydoesnt…
50.AAmazon,byfarthelargest
51.LSometimesoldtechnologylingersfor
52.BDoesthisspellthed
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