Seven Ways to Beat Shyness 泛读课文翻译.docx
- 文档编号:23317310
- 上传时间:2023-05-16
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:48
- 大小:36.51KB
Seven Ways to Beat Shyness 泛读课文翻译.docx
《Seven Ways to Beat Shyness 泛读课文翻译.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《Seven Ways to Beat Shyness 泛读课文翻译.docx(48页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
SevenWaystoBeatShyness泛读课文翻译
参考译文
1.课文一
2.课文二
Text1
SevenWaystoBeatShyness
byCarolynKitch
Shynesshaslongbeenagreatconcernformanypeople.Whattodoaboutshyness?
Thearticlebelowprovidesuswithwaystoovercomeshyness.Readitandseewhetherthesewaysareeffective.
The43-year-oldwomanlivedinconstantfearofstrangers,whetheratpartieswithherhusbandoratschoolfunctions1withherthreechildren.“Ienduredtheseevents,”shesays,“bykeepingasquietaspossible,notlookinganyonejustintheeye,andjustwaitingforthehourwhenIcouldgohome.IfeltotherssawhowuncomfortableIwas.”
Todaythiswomanhaslearnedtoovercomehershyness,usingtechniquesfoundtobesuccessfulincountlesscases.Shehasacircleoffriendsandsheparticipatesinactivitiesatherkids'school.Andshenowrealizesthatshewasn'taloneinherproblem.
Oftenmistakenlyregardedasachildhoodstagethatpeopleoutgrow,shynessissurprisinglywidespread.PhilipZimbardo,aStanfordUniversitypsychologist,co-directoroftheShynessInstituteandauthorofShyness:
WhatItIs,WhattoDoAboutIt,surveyedmorethan10000peopleduringthe1970sand‘80sandfoundthatapproximately40percentofthissampledescribedthemselvesasshy.
Anotherstudyof1600people,conductedbypsychologistBernardoCarducci,placesthefigureat48percent.AccordingtoZimbardo,anadditional15percentare“situationallyshy,experiencingshynessincertainstressfulcircumstances,suchasspeakinginpublic.”Theresearchindicatesthatmalesandfemalesareequallyshy.
Theremaybeno“cures”forshyness.However,researchisuncoveringwaysshypeoplecanovercometheirproblemsoitdoesn'ttakesuchatoll2ontheirhappiness.Here'sthebestoftheexperts'advice:
1.Useajournaltogettotherootofyourfears.“Awrittenrecordisacheap,effectivetherapist,”sayspsychotherapistChristopherMcCullough,authorofAlwaysatEase:
OvercomingAnxietyandShynessinEverySituation.“Weknowmoreaboutourselvesthanwethinkweknow,andit'softensurprisingwhatcomesoutwhenwewritedownourthoughtsandfears.”
OneofMcCullough'sformerpatients,asinglewomaninhermid-30s,sufferedsevereshynessaboutdating.“Shewrotedowneverythingthathappenedsurroundingadate:
gettingthephonecall,makingarrangementstogoout,whatwassaidduringthedate,whatwassaidaboutfutureplans,”McCulloughsays,“aswellaswhatshewasthinkingwhileallthiswasgoingon.”Thewomannoticedarecurrenttheme.“Shewasafraidthatamanmightlikeher,butshemightnotlikehim-andthenshewouldn'tknowhowtogetoutoftherelationship.”
McCulloughexplainsthattheytalkedaboutthingsshecouldsaytomenshedidn'twanttoseeanymore.“Onceshehadthosetools,datingbecamemuchlessstressful.”
Thoughthewomanwassituationallyshy-onlyoneaspectofherlife,dating,wasproblematic-ajournalcanbeahelpfultoolforthetemperamentallyshyaswell.AccordingtopsychologistJonathanCheek,authorofConqueringShyness:
APersonalizedApproach,two-thirdsofshypeoplecanidentifyspecificeventsintheirlivesthatcontributedtotheirshyness.Oncethecausesareidentified,saysCheek,“youcandealwiththeminaconstructiveway.”
2.Createa“character”-anunshyversionofyourself-andrehearseyourownscenes.Zimbardotellsthestoryofa50-year-oldwomanwhofoundactingtobeasolutiontohershyness.“IdiscoveredthatmyembarrassmentvanishedwhenIassumedaroleinaplay,”shewrotehim.“Itwasn'tmeonthestage.Itwasacharacter.”
Thisdivisionoftheselfinto“therealyouandtheroleyou,”saysZimbardo,isalsocommonamong“shyextroverts”-peoplewhoappearoutgoinginpublicyetareshyinprivate.“Approximately15percentofthosewhoareshyfitthisdescription.”
Manypopularentertainers,includingAmericanTVshowhostsJohnnyCarsonandDavidLetterman,areshybutfeelmoreateasewhenthey'reonstageoroncamera,Zimbardosays.Suchsuccessesarewhysomeshypeoplegetinvolvedincommunitytheater,debatingsocietiesorToastmasters.Duringtheseactivitiestheycantemporarily“be”theunshyperson.
CynthiaFinch,directoroftheReticenceProgramataPennsylvaniauniversity,helpedashystudentpreparetotellhisfatherthathewasleavingtheschool'sReserveOfficers'TrainingCorpsprogram.“Hewrotea‘script'oftheconversationhewasfearfulof,includingwhathewantedtosay,whathisfathermightsay,andhowtoanswer,”Finchsays.Afterward,sheadds,theyoungmanwaslesshesitanttotalktohisfatheraboutothersubjectsthatwereimportanttohim.
Scriptingcanbeusedwithrole-playingtorehearseforanysceneinyourlife,whetherit'saskingyourbossforaraiseormeetingyourchild'steacher.Whenyourehearsetheseencounters,you'vepreparedwhatyou'regoingtosay,andyouwillbemoreconfidentgoingintotheconversation.
“Shypeopleareoftentooconcernedwithwhetherornottheiractionsreflecttheirrealselves,”Zimbardoexplains.“Likeanactor,youmustlearntodissolvetheboundarybetweentheso-calledrealyouandtheroleyouplay.Letyouractionsspeakforthemselvesandeventuallythey'llbespeakingforyou.”
3.Doyourhomework.BernardoCarduccicallsthistechnique“socialreconnaissance.”“Ifyou'regoingtoaparty,”hesuggests,“findoutwhowillbethere,whattheydo,whattheirinterestsare.”Ifyou'remakingabusinesspresentationtopeopleyouhaven'tmet,findoutsomethingabouttheirbackgrounds.“You'llfeelmoreincontrolwhenitcomestimetomakeconversation,”headds.
Anothertypeofhomework:
lookforagroupthatsharessomeinterestofyours.MarjorieCoburn,directorofaphobiaandanxietytreatmentcenterinCalifornia,helpedthe43-year-oldwomanwhowasuncomfortableaboutstrangers.Coburnlearnedthatthewomanhadalwayswantedtolearntoquilt.SoatCoburn'ssuggestion,thewomansignedupforaquiltingclass.There,shewasabletotalkwithothersaboutsomethingshewasinterestedin,eventhoughthesepeoplewerestrangers.Herin-classconversationsledtosomefriendshipsandsocializingoutsideclass.“Forthefirsttime,”Coburnsays,“sheactuallyenjoyedbeingwithpeople.Moreover,shebecamelessshyinothersituations.”
4.Changeyourbodylanguage.“Shypeoplesendoutsignalsofcoolnessorwithdrawal,oftenwithoutrealizingit,”sayspsychologistArthurWassmer,authorofMakingContact:
AGuidetoOvercomingShyness.“Whatthey'reconstantlytelegraphingis:
‘I'mscared,I'mafraid,I'mintimidated.'“Unfortunately,otherpeopledon'tgetthosemessages.Theyinterpretthisbodylanguageasaloofnessorconceitandstayaway,makingtheshypersonfeelevenmoreinsecure.
“Ofallthetechniques,”Wassmeradds,“simplechangesinbodylanguagearethemostsurprisingintermsofimmediateresults.Patientswouldsaytome,‘IhadmoreconversationswithpeopleinthelastweekthanIhadinthelastyear!
'”
Wassmerusesaone-wordremindertolistallthebody-languagesignalsthatprojectwarmthandlikability:
SOFTEN.“S”standsfor“smile,”“O”for“openposture”(legsandarmsuncrossed),“F”for“forwardlean,”“T“for“touch”orfriendlyphysicalcontact(shakinghands,forexample),“E”for“eyecontact”and“N”for“nod”(affirmingyou'relisteningandunderstanding).“Bysofteningtheimageyousendouttotheworld,you'llearnthefriendlinessandpositiveresponsesthatmakestrangersseemlessintimidating,”Wassmerclaims.
Shypeoplefindconversationdifficult;theyhardlyeverspeakupbecausethey'retoobusyworryingabouttheimpressionthey'remaking.Researchershavefoundthattokeepaconversationmovingalong,unshypeopleinstinctivelyuseconversationalfeedbacksuchas“Yes,Iagree”or“Howinteresting.”
Whenconversationlags,askopen-endedquestionssuchas“Howdidyougetintoyourlineofwork?
”“Open-endedquestionsareasignalthatyou'refriendly,”saysJonathanBerent,apsychotherapistandauthorofBeyondShyness:
HowtoConquerSocialAnxieties.“Suchquestionsalsokeepthefocusontheotherperson-notyou.”
5.Letothersinonyoursecret.ChristopherMcCulloughoncecounseledamanwholikedhisjobbutdreadedmonthlymeetingsinwhichhehadtoparticipate.Hewasafraidhe'dsaysomethingstupidorevenpanicandrunoutoftheroom-andlosehisjobifhedid.Finallyheconfidedhisfearstohisboss,whotoldhimthathecouldleavetheroomifheneededto,thathisjobwasnotatrisk.“Eventuallythiscalmedtheworkerdown,”McCulloughsays,“andhewasabletogetthroughmeetingsandevenparticipate.”
Amajorcomplaintofshypeopleisthattheirfamilies,friendsandevendoctorsdon'ttaketheirproblemseriously.MarjorieCoburnadvisesashypersontofind“safepeople”whoaccepttheirshyness-notthosewhotellthemtocomeoutoftheirshell.“Youwantpeoplewho'lllistentoyourfearswithoutmakingjudgments,”sheemphasizes.
6.Envisiontheworst-casescenario.Dr.PaulBohn,formerdirectoroftheSocialandPerformanceAnxietyClinicattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,askspatientstodiscusstheirgreatestfearsinfrontoffellowshyness-sufferers.Forinstance,ifsomeoneisafraidofgivingaspeech,hemightbeaskedbythegroup:
What'stheevidenceforyourfear?
“PeoplelaughedatmewhenIwasakid.”What'stheevidenceagainstit?
“Noonehaslaughedatmeforyears.”What'stheworstthatcouldhappen?
“They'lllaughatme!
”Andwhat'llhappenthen?
“EitherI'lllaughwiththem,orI'llnevercomebacktospeaktothegroupagain.”Soeventheworst-casescenarioishardlythecatastrophethatthepersonhadimagined.
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- Seven Ways to Beat Shyness 泛读课文翻译 泛读 课文 翻译