大学商务英语写作busines writing整理.docx
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大学商务英语写作busines writing整理.docx
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大学商务英语写作busineswriting整理
20XX年复习资料
大
学
复
习
资
料
专业:
班级:
科目老师:
日期:
商务英语写作
Chapter1
一.Theabilitytowriteeffectivelyisavaluablebusinessasset.(3reasons)
1)Businessistransactedinwriting;
2)Writingeffectivelyhelpsincreasecompanysalesandprofit;
3)Proficiencyinwritinggivesapersonaladvantage
二.Businesswritinghasthreefunctions:
1)Toinform:
conveyinformation—explaininstruction,announcemeetingsandprocedures,acknowledgeorders,acceptcontract…
2)Toinfluence:
affectthereader’sattitudesandactions
3)Toentertain:
retainthereader’sgoodwill
三.CriteriaforEffectiveBusinessWriting—6/7CsPrinciples
1)Courtesy
DearSirs,wearesorryyouhavemisunderstoodus.(×)
---DearsSirs,wearesorrywedidn’tmakeourselvesclear.(√)
Wecannotunderstandwhyyouhavehadtroublewiththesearticles.(×)
---Wepresumethattheremustbesomereasonsforyouhavingtroublewiththesearticles.(√)
Iwritetosendmycongratulations.(×)
---Congratulationstoyouonyourpromotion!
(√)
Wewon’tbeabletosendyouthebrochurethismonth.(×)
---Wewillsendyouthebrochurenextmonth.(√)
Yourletterisnotclearatall.Ican’tunderstandit.(×)
---IfIunderstandyourlettercorrectly…(tactful)(√)
vUsingyour-viewpoint
--atechniqueforbuildinggoodwill
--emphasizesthereader’sinterestandconcerns.
例子:
1.Alargesaleofourproductswillmakeourcompanymoreprofitable.
---Agoodsaleoftheproductswillbenefityou.
2.Weareinneedoffundandyoumustpay…
---Tomaintainyourexcellentcredit,pleaseremit…
3.Wecannotofferyouanyrefund…
---Youcouldobtainarefundif…
4.Obviouslyyouforgettellingusthecolor…
---Pleaseindicateyourchoiceofcolor…
5.Iamhappytoreport
---Youwillhappytoknow…
6.Wearepleasetohaveyournewaccount
---Yournewchargeaccountisnowopenforyourconvenience.
7.WemakeWilletrazorinthreeweights--light,medium,andheavy.
---Sothatyoucanchoosetheonerazorthatisjustrightforyourbeard,Willetmakesrazorsforyouinthreeweights—light,medium,andheavy.
vTakingapositivetone
---Speakofwhatcanbedoneinsteadofwhatcannotbedone,ofthepleasantinsteadoftheunpleasant
---Positivewordsmakemessagesmorediplomaticandpromotepositivehumanrelation
例子1:
----Stateideasusingpositivelanguage
1.Don’tforgettosubmityourreport…
---Remembertosubmit…
2.Wecan’tshipyourgoodsuntil…
---Youwillreceiveyourgoods…
3.Youneglecttoindicatethespecification…
---Pleasesendthecompletespecification…
4.Wecannotdeliveryourorderonschedulebecauseoftheearthquake.
---Wewilldeliveryourorderwhentheroadresumestotraffic.
5.Wecannotdeliveryourorderonschedulebecauseoftheearthquake.
---Ifwesolvethefinancialproblem,wewillstarttheproject.
例子2:
----Avoidusingsecondpersonwhenstatingnegativeideas
1.Youmadenumerousmistakesonthispage.
---Thispagecontainnumerousmistakes.(preferred)
例子3:
----Usepassivevoicetoconveynegativeideas
1.Suburodidnotproofreadthisproposalcarefully
---Theproposalwasnotproofreadcarefully
2.Suburocompletedthejobtwomonthsbehindtheschedule
---Thejobwascompletedtwomonthsbehindtheschedule
3.Suburocompletedthejobtwomonthsaheadoftheschedule
---Thejobwascompletedtwomonthsaheadoftheschedule
例子4:
----Usethesubjunctivemood
1.Icannotaccepttherecommendation
---IwishIcouldaccepttherecommendation
2.Iamnotabletoacceptyourinvitation
---IcouldacceptyourinvitationifIweretocancelmymeetingon…
例子5:
----Includeapleasantstatementinthesamesentence
1.Yourpersonalratingsforcommunicationabilityweresatisfactory.
---Yourpersonalratingsforcommunicationabilityweresatisfactory,butyourratefortechnicalcompetencewasexcellent.
vBeingconversational
1.Pleasebeadvisedthatyourshouldsigntheformbeforethe1st.
---Pleasesigntheformbeforethe1st.
2.Kindlyadviseatanearlydate.
---Pleaseletmeknowsoon.
3.Iherewithhandyou…
---Hereis…
4.Thankingyouinadvance…
---I’llsincerelyappreciate
2)Correctness
3)Conciseness简洁--writeinthefewestpossiblewordswithoutsacrificingcompletenessandcourtesy.
例子:
Clutteringwords------Concisesubstitutions
Atthepresenttime---Now,Forthepurposeof---For,
Forthereasonthat---Since/because,Anaccordancewith---By
Inviewofthefactthat---Since/because,Inthenearfuture---Soon,
Onthebasis---By,Ontheoccasionof---On,Withaviewto---To
Withregardto,withreferenceto---About,Priorto---Before
4)Consideration5)Clarity
6)Concreteness--writingshouldbevivid,specificanddefiniteratherthanvague,generalandabstract
v例子:
general----specific
⏹Ourapplesareexcellent.
Ourapplesarejuicy,crispyandtender.(Concrete)
⏹SmithtonCompanyisourbigbuyer.
SmithtonCompanydidmorethanonemillionUSDworthofbusinesswithusin20XXXX.(Concrete)
⏹Thesebrakescanstopacarwithinashortdistance.
TheseGoodsonpowerbrakescanstopa2-toncarwithin24feet.
⏹AdecisionhasbeenmadetosetupanofficeinOsaka.
TheboardofdirectorsdecodedtosetupanofficeinOsaka.
7)Completeness
四.BasicPatternsofWriting
⏹DirectnessinGood-newsandRoutineMessages(deductiveapproach演绎法)-----directapproach
1)beginwiththemajoridea,
2)providesupportingdetailsafterthemainidea
3)endwithgoodwill.
⏹IndirectnessinBad-newsmessagesandpersuasionorsalesletters.(inductiveapproach归纳法)------indirectapproach
1)Abuffer;
2)Reasonssupportingthenegativedecision;
3)Aclear,diplomaticstatementofthenegativedecision;
4)Ahelpful,friendly,andpositiveclose.
Suggestion:
1.Conversationalstyle2.Informalstyle3.Avoidtheoldlanguageofbusiness4.You-viewpoint(you-attitude)*Avoidinsincerity
5.Accentonpositivelanguage6.Singlingoutyourreader
7.Usingthereader’snames8.Avoidanger
ProjectaPositive,TactfulTone:
1.Stateideasusingpositivelanguage2.Avoidusingsecondpersonwhenstatingnegativeideas3.Usepassivevoicetoconveynegativeideas
4.Usethesubjunctivemood5.Includeapleasantstatementinthesamesentence.
第一章课后习题
一、negative改成positive
1.Unfortunately,yourordercannotbesentuntilnextweek.
Yourordercanonlybesentnextweek.
2.Toavoidthelossofyourcreditrating,pleaseremitpaymentwithin20XXXXdays.
Pleaseremitpaymentwithin20XXXXdayssothatyoucanmaintainyourcreditrating.
3.YourmisunderstandingofourJanuary8lettercausedyoutomakethismistake.
IfyouhadunderstoodourJanuary8letter,youwouldhavedoneitcorrectly.
4.YoucannotvisittheplantexceptonSaturday.
YoucanvisittheplantonlyonSaturday.
5.Ourmaterialwon’tdothejobunlessitisreinforced.
Ourmaterialwilldothejobonlywhenitisreinforced.
6.Yournegligenceinthismattercausedthedamagetotheequipment.
Ifyouhadtakenpropercareoftheequipment,itwouldhavebeeningoodcondition.
7.WeregrettoinformyouthatwecannotpermityoutouseourclubhouseforyourmeetingonSaturday,astheBoysCorpaskedforitfirst.Wecan,however,letyouuseourconferenceroom,butitseatsonly60.
AlthoughtheBoysCorphasreservedtheclubhouseforSaturday,wecaninsteadofferyouourconferenceroom,whichseats60.
8.Weregrettoinformyouthatwemustdenyyourrequestforcredit.
Forthetimebeing,wecanserveyouonlyonacashbasis.
二、we-viewpoint改成you-viewpoint
1.WewillbepleasedtodeliveryourorderbyMay20XXXX.
YourorderwillbedeliveredbyMay20XXXX.
2.Wehaveworkedfor20XXyearstodevelopthebestmodelcarforourcustomers.
Ourcustomerswillfindthebestmodelcarwhichwehavespent20XXyearstobuild.
3.Iampleasedtoinformyouthaticangrantyourrequestforpaymentoftravelexpense.
Youwillbegladtoknowthatyourrequestforpaymentoftravelexpensesisgranted.
4.Wearehappytoreportapprovalofyourapplicationformembership.
Youwillbehappytogetourapprovalofyourapplicationformembership.
5.Wecanpermityoutoattendclassesduringcompanytimeonlywhenthecourseisrelatedto
yourworkassignment.
Youcanattendclassesduringcompanytimeifthecourseisrelatedtoyourworkassignment.
6.WehavereceivedyourletterofMay20XXXX.
ThankyouforyourletterofMay20XXXX.
7.Wehavebeenquitetolerantofyourpast-dueaccountandmustnowdemandpayment.
Ifyouaretocontinuetoenjoythebenefitsofcreditbuying,youmustclearyouraccountnow.
8.WehaveshippedtheDovedesksetyourorderedonMay3.
TheDovedesksetyouorderedonMay3hasalreadybeenshippedandshouldreachyousoon.
9.Ourrichexperienceinthepublishingbusinesshasenabledustoprovidethebestservicepossible.
Customerswillbeprovidedwiththebestserviceowingtoourrichexperienceinthepublishingbusiness.
20XXXX.Wecansellatdiscountprices,butwecannotpermitreturnsofmerchandise.
Thoughreturnsofmerchandiseareimpermissible,youcanbuyatdiscountprices.
三、general改成specific
1.Wehavefoundthatyoungmenarebestforthiswork.
Re:
peopleaged25-30
2.Shemakesgoodgrade.
Re:
A
3.JohnlostafortuneinLasVegas.
Re:
over$4,000
4.Ifwedonotreceivethegoodssoon,wewillcanceltheorder.
Re:
bythisFriday.
5.Lastyear’sprofitwassubstantial.
Re:
profitlastyearswasaboutamillion.
6.Someyearsagoshemadegoodmoney.
Re:
Tenyearsagoshemadethousandsofdollarsamonth.
7.Hisgradeontheaptitudetestwasveryhigh.
Re:
over20XXXX0.
8.Hereisaproductwithverylittlemark-up.
Re:
only3%mark-up.
9.
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