布兰查德宏观经济学第七版第7版英文版chapter13.docx

布兰查德宏观经济学第七版第7版英文版chapter13.docx

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布兰查德宏观经济学第七版第7版英文版chapter13

Macroeconomics,7e（Blanchard）

Chapter13:

TechnologicalProgress:

TheShort,theMedium,andtheLongRun

13.1Productivity,Output,andUnemploymentintheShortRun

1）Technologicalunemploymentisamacroeconomicphenomenonthatoccurswhen

A）unemploymentchangesduetotheeffectsoftechnologyinhigh-technologyindustries.

B）unemploymentchangesduetotheeffectsofmonetaryandfiscalpolicyintheNewEconomy.

C）hysterisis.

D）Eurosclerosis.

E）unemploymentchangesasaresultoftechnologicalchange.

Answer:

E

Diff:

1

2）WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheUnitedStatesduringthetwentiethcenturyiscorrect?

A）Outputgrowthhasbeenapproximatelyequaltoemploymentgrowth.

B）Outputgrowthhasbeenslowerthanemploymentgrowth.

C）Outputgrowthhasbeenfasterthanemploymentgrowth.

D）Outputhasincreasedlargelyduetomonetaryandfiscalpolicy.

E）Outputhasdecreasedlargelyduetomonetaryandfiscalpolicy.

Answer:

C

Diff:

1

3）Supposeaneconomyexperiencesanincreaseintechnologicalprogress.Thisincreaseintechnologicalprogresswill

A）allowmoreoutputtobeproducedwiththesamenumberofworkers.

B）allowthesameamountofoutputtobeproducedwithfewerworkers.

C）leadtochangesinthetypesofgoodsproduced.

D）alloftheabove

E）noneoftheabove

Answer:

D

Diff:

2

4）Somebelievethattechnologicalprogressleadstohigherunemploymentinthemediumrun.Thisclaimthattechnologicalprogressresultsinanincreaseinunemploymentinthemediumissupportedby

A）economictheory,butcontradictedbytheevidence.

B）theoryandevidence.

C）theevidence,butcontradictedbytheory.

D）neithertheorynorevidence.

E）noneoftheabove

Answer:

D

Diff:

1

5）Theevidencesuggeststhatrecenttechnologicalchange

A）permanentlyincreasedthenaturalrateofunemployment.

B）isdifferentfrompasttechnologicalchange,inthatithasnoimpactonproductivity.

C）hasincreasedproductivityintheservicesectoronly.

D）hasincreasedproductivityinthemanufacturingsectoronly.

E）hasincreasedthewagegapbetweenskilledandunskilledworkers.

Answer:

E

Diff:

2

6）WhentheproductionfunctionisrepresentedbyY=NA,laborproductivityisrepresentedbywhichofthefollowingexpressions?

A）1/A

B）NA

C）A/Y

D）Y/A

E）noneoftheabove

Answer:

E

Diff:

2

7）Whentheunemploymentrateisonthehorizontalaxisandtherealwageisontheverticalaxis,anincreaseinproductivitywillcausewhichofthefollowingtooccur?

A）Thewage-settingandprice-settingcurveswillbothshiftdownward.

B）Thewage-settingandprice-settingcurveswillbothshiftupward.

C）Theprice-settingcurvetoshiftdownward,andnoshiftinthewage-settingcurve.

D）Thewage-settingcurvetoshiftupward,andtheprice-settingcurvetoshiftdownward.

E）Thewage-settingcurvetoshiftdownward,andtheprice-settingcurvetoshiftupward.

Answer:

B

Diff:

2

8）Thenumberofworkersemployedwillnotchangeasaresultofanincreaseinproductivitywhenwhichofthefollowingoccurs?

A）TheAScurveshiftsdownward.

B）Outputgrowthexceedsproductivitygrowth.

C）Productivitygrowthisequaltooutputgrowth.

D）TheADcurveshiftstotheright.

E）noneoftheabove

Answer:

C

Diff:

2

9）Anincreaseinproductivitywillcausewhichofthefollowingaccordingtotheprice-settingbehavioroffirms?

A）areductioninpricessetbyfirms

B）anincreaseintherealwagepaidbyfirms

C）areductioninthemarkupsetbyfirms

D）alloftheabove

E）noneoftheabove

Answer:

D

Diff:

2

10）Basedonpricesettingbehavior,whichofthefollowingwillcauseanincreaseinthepricelevel?

A）areductioninproductivity

B）anincreaseinthenominalwage

C）anincreaseinthemarkup

D）alloftheabove

E）noneoftheabove

Answer:

D

Diff:

2

11）Basedonourunderstandingofthewagesettingequation,whichofthefollowingwillnotcauseareductioninthenominalwage?

A）anincreaseinunemployment

B）areductionintheexpectedpricelevel

C）areductioninexpectedproductivity

D）alloftheabove

E）noneoftheabove

Answer:

E

Diff:

2

12）Supposeworkers'andfirms'expectationsofthepricelevelandproductivityareaccurate.Inthiscase,anincreaseinproductivitywillcausewhichofthefollowing?

A）anincreaseinboththerealwageandthenaturalrateofunemployment

B）adecreaseinboththerealwageandthenaturalrateofunemployment

C）anincreaseintherealwageandnochangeinthenaturalrateofunemployment

D）adecreaseintherealwageandanincreaseinthenaturalrateofunemployment

E）noneoftheabove

Answer:

C

Diff:

2

13）Theempiricalevidencesuggeststhatperiodsofhighproductivitygrowthwillcausewhichofthefollowingintheshortrun?

A）highermarkups

B）lowerunemployment

C）constantrealwages

D）greaterequalityinwages

E）noneoftheabove

Answer:

B

Diff:

2

14）Forthisquestion,assumethatfirms'ofproductivityareaccuratewhileworkers'expectationsofproductivityadjustslowlyovertime.Inthiscase,anincreaseinproductivitywillcausewhichofthefollowing?

A）anincreaseinboththerealwageandthenaturalrateofunemployment

B）adecreaseinboththerealwageandthenaturalrateofunemployment

C）anincreaseintherealwageandareductioninthenaturalrateofunemployment

D）adecreaseintherealwageandanincreaseinthenaturalrateofunemployment

E）noneoftheabove

Answer:

C

Diff:

2

15）Forthisquestion,assumeproductivityhasbeenincreasingby5%peryear.Alsoassumethatworkers'expectationsofproductivitygrowthadjustslowlyovertime.Forthiseconomy,areductioninproductivitygrowthfrom5%to2%willmostlikelycausewhichofthefollowingtooccur?

A）anincreaseinthenaturalrateofunemployment

B）areductionintherealwage

C）anincreaseinthemarkupoverlaborcosts

D）alloftheabove

E）noneoftheabove

Answer:

A

Diff:

2

16）Amajorexplanationforthedeclineinemploymentprojectedintextilesis

A）increasesinincome.

B）socialproblemsintheU.S.

C）shiftsinproductiontowardlow-wagecountries.

D）inaccurateexpectationsaboutproductivitygrowth.

E）inaccurateexpectationsaboutthepricelevel.

Answer:

C

Diff:

1

17）Assumeaneconomyexperiences,foragivenperiod,a4%increaseinoutputanda2%increaseinproductivity.Giventhisinformation,weknowthatwhichofthefollowingoccurredforthiseconomyduringthisperiod?

A）Theunemploymentrateincreasedduringthisperiod.

B）Theunemploymentratedecreasedduringthisperiod.

C）Theunemploymentratedidnotchangeduringthisperiod.

D）Theeffectsontheunemploymentrateareambiguous.

E）noneoftheabove

Answer:

B

Diff:

2

18）Assumeaneconomyexperiences,foragivenperiod,a4%increaseinoutputanda4%increaseinproductivity.Giventhisinformation,weknowthatwhichofthefollowingoccurredforthiseconomyduringthisperiod?

A）Theunemploymentrateincreasedduringthisperiod.

B）Theunemploymentratedecreasedduringthisperiod.

C）Theunemploymentratedidnotchangeduringthisperiod.

D）Theeffectsontheunemploymentrateareambiguous.

E）noneoftheabove

Answer:

C

Diff:

2

19）Assumeaneconomyexperiences,foragivenperiod,a1%increaseinoutputanda5%increaseinproductivity.Giventhisinformation,weknowthatwhichofthefollowingoccurredforthiseconomyduringthisperiod?

A）Theunemploymentrateincreasedduringthisperiod.

B）Theunemploymentratedecreasedduringthisperiod.

C）Theunemploymentratedidnotchangeduringthisperiod.

D）Theeffectsontheunemploymentrateareambiguous.

E）noneoftheabove

Answer:

A

Diff:

2

20）Becauseoflaborhoarding,anincreaseinoutputmaysignal

A）anincreaseinemployment.

B）areductioninemployment.

C）nochangeinemployment.

D）areductioninproductivity.

Answer:

C

Diff:

1

21）Becauseoflaborhoarding,areductioninoutputmaysignal

A）anincreaseinemployment.

B）areductioninemployment.

C）nochangeinemployment.

D）areductioninproductivity.

Answer:

C

Diff:

1

22）SupposetheaggregateproductionfunctionisrepresentedbyY=AN.Whichofthefollowingexpressionsrepresentsthenumberofadditionalworkersrequiredtoincreaseproductionbyoneunit?

A）1/A

B）Y/N

C）1/N

D）1/Y

E）noneoftheabove

Answer:

A

Diff:

1

23）Forthisquestion,assumethattheaggregateproductionfunctionisrepresentedbyY=A.Whichofthefollowingrepresentsthemarginalcostofproducinganadditionalunitofoutput?

A）W

B）W/A

C）A/W

D）（1+A）W

E）1/W

Answer:

B

Diff:

2

24）Forthisquestion,assumethattheaggregateproductionfunctionisrepresentedbyY=AN.Whichofthefollowingrepresentsthepricesettingrelationforthiseconomy?

A）（1+m）A

B）（1+m）A/W

C）（1+m）W

D）W/A

E）noneoftheabove

Answer:

E

Diff:

2

25）Whichofthefollowingrepresentsthewagesettingrelationwhenchangesinlaborproductivityareallowedtooccur?

A）W=PeF（u,z）

B）W=P（1+m）

C）W=PeF（u,z）/A

D）W=AP/（1+m）

E）noneoftheabove

Answer:

E

Diff:

2

26）Forthisquestion,assumethatexpectationsofPandAarecorrect.Basedonpricesettingbehavior,therealwagewillbeequaltowhichofthefollowing?

A）A/（1+m）

B）AP/（1+m）

C）APF（u,z）

D）P（1+m）

E）noneoftheabove

Answer:

A

Diff:

2

27）Whichofthefollowingisnotbelievedtocauserecentincreasesinwageinequality?

A）internationaltrade

B）contractionarymonetarypolicy

C）skill-biasedtechnologicalprogress

D）alloftheabove

E）noneoftheabove

Answer:

B

Diff:

1

28）Forthisquestion,assumethatexpectationsofPandAarecorrect.Nowsupposethatthereisa4%increaseinA.