语言学 选择判断题.docx
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语言学 选择判断题.docx
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语言学选择判断题
CHAPTER1
I.Decidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse:
T1.Linguisticsisgenerallydefinedasthescientificstudyoflanguage.
F2.Ascientificstudyoflanguageisbasedonwhatthelinguistthinks.
T3.Generallinguisticsisgenerallythestudyoflanguageasawhole
T4.Phoneticsisdifferentfromphonologyinthatthelatterstudiesthecombinationsofthesoundstoconveymeaningincommunication.
T5.Thestudyofthewaysinwhichmorphemescanbecombinedtoformwordsiscalledmorphology.
T6.Appliedlinguisticsistheapplicationoflinguisticprinciplesandtheoriestolanguageteachingandlearning
T7Competenceandperformancereferrespectivelytoalanguageuser’sunderlyingknowledgeaboutthesystemofrulesandtheactualuseoflanguageinconcrete
F8Languageisameansofverbalcommunication.Therefore,thecommunicationwayusedbythedeaf-muteisnotlanguage
T9.Bydiachronicstudywemeantostudythechangesanddevelopmentoflanguage
F10.Languagechangeisuniversal,ongoingandarbitrary
F11.Thereisuniversalagreementabouttheoriginoflanguage.
F12.Petdogscanspeakhumanlanguages.
F13.Allhumaninfantscanspeaksomelanguage.
F14.Bycreativitywemeanthecreativeuseoflanguageasoftenpracticedbypoets.
F15.Withdifferentculturestherewillbedifferentlanguages.
T16.Notallusesoflanguagearemeanttoconveynewinformation.
III.Therearefourchoicesfollowingeachstatement.Markthechoicethatcanbestcompletethestatement.
1.Ifalinguisticstudydescribesandanalyzesthelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,itissaidtobe______________.
A.prescriptiveB.analyticC.descriptiveD.linguistic
2.Whichofthefollowingisnotadesignfeatureofhumanlanguage?
A.ArbitrarinessB.DisplacementC.DualityD.Meaningfulness
3.Modernlinguisticsregardsthewrittenlanguageas____________.
A.primaryB.correctC.secondaryD.stable
4.Thefunctionofthesentence“waterboilat100degreescentigrade”
AinterrogativeBdirectiveCinformativeDperformative
5.Ahistoricalstudyoflanguageisa____studyoflanguage.
A.synchronicB.diachronicC.prescriptiveD.comparative
6.Languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsforhuman__________.
AcontactBcommunicationCrelationDcommunity
7.Languagesis_______
AinstinctiveBnon-instinctiveCstaticDgeneticallytransmitted
8.Alinguistregardsthechangeinlanguageandlanguageuseas_______
AunnaturalBsomethingtobefearedCnaturalDabnormal
9.Whichofthefollowingwordsisentirelyarbitrary
AtreeBcrashCtypewriterDbang
10.Inmodernlinguistics,speechisregardedasmorebasicthanwriting,because___________.
A.inlinguisticevolution,speechispriortowriting
B.speechplaysagreaterrolethanwritingintermsoftheamountofinformationconveyed.
C.speechisalwaysthewayinwhicheverynativespeakeracquireshismothertongue
D.Alloftheabove
CHAPTER2
I.DecidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsisTrueorFalse:
T1. VoicingisaphonologicalfeaturethatdistinguishesmeaninginbothChineseandEnglish.
F2.Iftwophoneticallysimilarsoundsoccurinthesameenvironmentsandtheydistinguishmeaning,theyaresaidtobeincomplementarydistribution.
F3. Aphoneisaphoneticunitthatdistinguishesmeaning.
F4. EnglishisatonelanguagewhileChineseisnot.
T5. Inlinguisticevolution,speechispriortowriting.
T6.Ineverydaycommunication,speechplaysagreaterrolethanwritingintermsoftheamountofinformationconveyed.
F7. Articulatoryphoneticstriestodescribethephysicalpropertiesofthestreamofsoundswhichaspeakerissueswiththehelpofamachinecalledspectrograph.
F8.Thearticulatoryapparatusofahumanbeingarecontainedinthreeimportantareas:
thethroat,themouthandthechest.
T9. Vibrationofthevocalcordsresultsinaqualityofspeechsoundscalledvoicing.
F10. Englishconsonantscanbeclassifiedintermsofplaceofarticulationandthepartofthetonguethatisraisedthehighest.
F11. Accordingtothemannerofarticulation,someofthetypesintowhichtheconsonantscanbeclassifiedarestops,fricatives,bilabialandalveolar.
T12. Vowelsoundscanbedifferentiatedbyanumberoffactors:
thepositionoftongueinthemouth,theopennessofthemouth,theshapeofthelips,andthelengthofthevowels.
F13. Accordingtotheshapeofthelips,vowelscanbeclassifiedintoclosevowels,semi-closevowels,semi-openvowelsandopenvowels.
F14. Anysoundproducedbyahumanbeingisaphoneme.
F15. Phonesarethesoundsthatcandistinguishmeaning.
F16. Phonologyisconcernedwithhowthesoundscanbeclassifiedintodifferentcategories.
T17. Abasicwaytodeterminethephonemesofalanguageistoseeifsubstitutingonesoundforanotherresultsinachangeofmeaning.
F18. Whentwodifferentformsareidenticalineverywayexceptforonesoundsegmentwhichoccursinthesameplaceinthestrings,thetwowordsaresaidtoformaphonemiccontrast.
T19. Therulesgoverningthephonologicalpatterningarelanguagespecific.
T20.Distinctivefeaturesofsoundsegmentscanbefoundrunningoverasequenceoftwoormorephonemicsegments.
III.Therearefourchoicesfollowingeachofthestatementsbelow.Markthechoicethatcanbestcompletethestatement:
35.Ofallthespeechorgans,the_______is/arethemostflexible.
A.mouth B.lips C.tongue D.vocalcords
36.Thesoundsproducedwithoutthevocalcordsvibratingare____sounds.
A.voiceless B.voiced
C.vowel D.consonantal
37.__________isavoicedalveolarstop.
A./z/ B./d/
C./k/ D./b/
38.Theassimilationruleassimilatesonesoundtoanotherby“copying”afeatureofasequentialphoneme,thusmakingthetwophones____________.
A.identical B.same
C.exactlyalike D.similar
39.Since/p/and/b/arephoneticallysimilar,occurinthesameenvironmentsandtheycandistinguishmeaning,theyaresaidtobe___________.
A.inphonemiccontrast B.incomplementarydistribution
C.theallophones D.minimalpair
40.Thesound/f/is_________________.
A.voicedpalatalaffricate B.voicedalveolarstop
C.voicelessvelarfricative D.voicelesslabiodentalfricative
41. A____vowelisonethatisproducedwiththefrontpartofthetonguemaintainingthehighestposition.
A.back B.central
C.front D.middle
42.Distinctivefeaturescanbefoundrunningoverasequenceoftwoormorephonemicsegments.Thephonemicfeaturesthatoccurabovethelevelofthesegmentsarecalled____________.
A.phoneticcomponents B.immediateconstituents
C.suprasegmentalfeatures D.semanticfeatures
43.A(n)___________isaunitthatisofdistinctivevalue. Itisanabstractunit,acollectionofdistinctivephoneticfeatures.
A.phone B.sound
C.allophone D.phoneme
44.Thedifferentphoneswhichcanrepresentaphonemeindifferentphoneticenvironmentsarecalledthe____ofthatphoneme.
A.phones B.sounds
C.phonemes D.allophones
CHAPTER3
I.DecidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsisTrueorFalse:
T1.Morphologystudiestheinternalstructureofwordsandtherulesbywhichwordsareformed.
F2.Wordsarethesmallestmeaningfulunitsoflanguage.
T3.Justasaphonemeisthebasicunitinthestudyofphonology,soisamorphemethebasicunitinthestudyofmorphology.
T4.Thesmallestmeaningfulunitsthatcanbeusedfreelyallbythemselvesarefreemorphemes.
T5.Boundmorphemesincludetwotypes:
rootsandaffixes.
T6.Inflectionalmorphemesmanifestvariousgrammaticalrelationsorgrammaticalcategoriessuchasnumber,tense,degree,andcase.
T7.Theexistingformtowhichaderivationalaffixcanbeaddediscalledastem,whichcanbeaboundroot,afreemorpheme,oraderivedformitself.
F8.Prefixesusuallymodifythepartofspeechoftheoriginalword,notthemeaningofit.
F9.Therearerulesthatgovernwhichaffixcanbeaddedtowhattypeofstemtoformanewword.Therefore,wordsformedaccordingtothemorphologicalrulesareacceptablewords.
T10.Phonetically,thestressofacompoundalwaysfallsonthefirstelement,whilethesecondelementreceivessecondarystress.
III.Therearefourchoicesfollowingeachstatement.Markthechoicethatcanbestcompletethestatement:
21.Themorpheme“vision”inthecommonword“television”isa(n)______.
A.boundmorphemeB.boundform
C.inflectionalmorphemeD.freemorpheme
22.Thecompoundword“bookstore”istheplacewherebooksaresold.Thisindicatesthatthemeaningofacompound__________.
A.isthesumtotalofthemeaningofitscomponents
B.canalwaysbeworkedoutbylookingatthemeaningsofmorphemes
C.isthesameasthemeaningofafreephrase.
D.Noneoftheabove.
23.Thepartofspeechofthecompoundsisgenerallydeterminedbythepartofspeechof__________.
A.thefirstelement
B.thesecondelement
C.eitherthefirstorthesecondelement
D.boththefirstandthesecondelements.
24._______arethosethatcannotbeusedindependentlybuthavetobecombinedwithothermorphemes,eitherfreeorbound,toformaword.
A.FreemorphemesB.Boundmorphemes
C.BoundwordsD.Words
25._________i
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