高考英语黄冈中学二轮练习资料七选五新短文改错.docx

高考英语黄冈中学二轮练习资料七选五新短文改错.docx

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高考英语黄冈中学二轮练习资料七选五新短文改错

2019高考英语黄冈中学二轮练习资料：

七选五新短文改错

◆七选五

（一）

（2017·新课标卷）

MoneyMatters

Parentsshouldhelptheirchildrenunderstandmoney.__1__Soyoumaystarttalkingaboutmoneywhenyourchildshowsaninterestinbuyingthings,candyortoys,forexample.

1．Thebasicfunctionofmoney

Beginexplainingthebasicfunctionofmoneybyshowinghowpeopletrademoneyforgoodsorservices.Itisimportanttoshowyourchildhowmoneyistradedforthethingshewantstohave.Ifhewantstohaveatoy,givehimthemoneyandlethimhandthemoneytothecashier（收银员）.__2__Whenyourchildgrowsabitolderandunderstandsthebasicfunctionofmoney,youcanstartexplainingmorecomplexwaysofusingmoney.

2．Moneylessons

Approachmoneylessonswithopennessandhonesty.__3__Ifyoumustsaynotoachild'srequesttospendmoney，explain，“Youhaveenoughtoytrucksfornow.”Or,iftherequestisformanydifferentthings,say.“Youhavetomakeachoicebetweenthistoyandthattoy.”

3．__4__

Beginatthegrocerystore.Pickouttwosimilarbrandsofaproduct—anamebrandbutterandagenerie（无商标产品）,forexample.Youcanshowyourchildhowtomakechoicesbetweendifferentbrandsofaproductsothatyoucansavemoney.__5__Ifhechoosesthecheaperbrand,allowhimtomakeanotherpurchasewiththemoneysaved.Later，youmayexplainhowthemoreexpensivechoiceleaveslessmoneyforotherpurchases.

A．Wisedecisions

B．Thevalueofmoney

C．Permitthechildtochoosebetweenthem.

D．Tellyourchildwhyhecan—orcannot—havecertainthings.

E．Askyourselfwhatthingsthatcostmoneyaremostimportanttoyou.

F．Talkabouthowthemoneyboughtthethingafteryouleavethetoystore.

G．Thebesttimetoteachachildanythingaboutmoneyiswhenheshowsaninterest.

答案：

本文讲述了应该教会孩子怎样花钱，钱的基本用途是什么，怎样用钱买东西。

1．G　由下文可知，当孩子对买东西感兴趣时，这时你向他传述钱的事情。

2．F　由上文可知，给孩子钱，让他买玩具，买完之后再和他谈一下怎样用钱来买东西。

3．D　由下文内容可知，孩子已有玩具，所以他不需再买，故D项正确。

4．A　由下文内容可知，给孩子几种选择，要他去选择买什么样的才省钱。

由此可知A项正确。

5．C　由下文内容可知，孩子可以自己选择。

故C项正确。

（二）

（2017·辽宁卷）

EasyWaystoKeepYourBrainSharp

Everyoneisforgetful,butasweage,westarttofeellikeourbrainsareslowingdownabit—andthatcanbeaveryannoyingthing.__1__Readonforsometechniquesworthtrying.

1．__2__

Peoplewhoregularlymadeplansandlookedforwardtoupcomingeventshada50percentreducedchanceofAlzheimer'sdisease（早老性痴呆症）,accordingtoarecentstudy.__3__Somethingassimpleassettingagoaltohaveaweeklycoffeedatewithafriendwilldo.There'sevidencethatpeoplewhohaveapurposeinlifeorwhoareworkingonlongorshorttermgoalsappeartodobetter.Inotherwords,keepyourbrainlookingforward.

2．Goforawalk.

Mildlyraisedglucose（葡萄糖）levelscanharmtheareaofthebrainthathelpsyouformmemoriesandphysicalactivitycanhelpgetbloodglucosedowntonormallevels.Infact，exerciseproduceschemicalsthataregoodforyourbrain.__4__

3．Learnsomethingnew.

TakeaSpanishclassonline,joinadrawingclub,orlearntoplaycards.Astudyfoundthatmentalstimulation（刺激）limitstheweakeningeffectsofagingonmemoryandthemind.Butthebestthingforyourbrainiswhenyoulearnsomethingnewandarephysicallyactiveatthesametime.__5__Orgodancingwithyourfriends.

A．Focusonthefuture.

B．Thiscanbeespeciallyharmfultotheaged.

C．Itshouldbesomethinglikelearninggardening.

D．Sotakeafewminuteseachdaytodosomereading.

E．Butdon'tworryifyourscheduleisn'tfilledwithlifechangingevents.

F．Luckily,researchshowsthereisalotyoucandotoavoidthosemoments.

G．Inotherwords,whenyoutakecareofyourbody,youtakecareofyourbrain.

答案：

本文讲述的是保持思维灵敏的简易方法。

即：

聚焦未来，散步，学习新知识。

1．F　下文的1,2,3条就是避免思维迟钝的方法。

2．A　由下文可知经常做计划，制定短期或长期目标的人会做得更好，要保持思维超前，故A项正确。

3．E　由下文可知：

同朋友约会喝咖啡这样的简单事情也行，所以你不必担心。

4．G　由上文可知：

锻炼能产生有益大脑的化学物质，后一句是进一步说明，故G项正确。

5．C　由上句可知对大脑最好的事情是你学新东西时，身体也要动，即脑力劳动和体力劳动相结合的事，就像学习园艺以及和朋友跳舞这样的事情。

（三）

（2017·北京卷）

PublicSpeakingandCriticalThinking

Whatiscriticalthinking?

Toacertaindegree,it'samatteroflogic（逻辑）,ofbeingabletospotweaknessesinotherpeople'sargumentsandtoavoidtheminyourown.Italsoincludesrelatedskillssuchasdistinguishingfactfromopinionandassessingthesoundnessofevidence.

Inthebroadsense,criticalthinkingisfocused,organizedthinking—theabilitytoseeclearlytherelationshipsamongideas.__1__Thegreatestthinkers,scientists,andinventorshaveoftentakeninformationthatwasreadilyavailableandputittogetherdifferentlytoproducenewideas.That,too,iscriticalthinking.

__2__Astheclassgoeson,forexample,youwillprobablyspendagooddealoftimeorganizingyourspeeches.Whilethismayseemlikeapurelymechanical（机械的）exercise,itiscloselyconnectedwithcriticalthinking.Ifthestructureofyourspeechislooseandconfused,chancesarethatyourthinkingisalsodisorderedandconfused.If,ontheotherhand,thestructureisclear,thereisagoodchanceyourthinkingistoo.Organizingaspeechisnotjustamatterofarrangingtheideasyoualreadyhave.__3__.

Whatistrueoforganizationistrueofmanyaspectsofpublicspeaking.__4__Asyouworkonexpressingyourideasinclear,accuratelanguage,youwillimporveyourabilitytothinkclearlyandaccurately.__5__Asyoulearntolistencriticallytospeechesinclass,youwillbebetterabletoassesstheideasofspeakersinavarietyofsituations.

Ifyoutakefulladvantageofyourspeechclass,youwillbeabletodevelopyourskillsasacriticalthinkerinmanycircumstances.ThisisonereasonpublicspeakinghasbeenregardedasavitalpartofeducationsincethedaysofancientGreece.

A.Rather,itisanimportantpartofshapingtheideasthemselves.

B.Thismayseemlikealotoftime,buttherewardsarewellworthit.

C.Itmayalsohelpyoutoknowthatthereisnosuchthingasaperfectspeech.

D.Ithasoftenbeensaidthattherearefewnewideasintheworld,onlyreorganizedideas.

E.Ifyouarewonderingwhatthishastodowithyourpublicspeakingclass,theanswerisquitealot.

F.Theskillsyoulearninyourspeechclasscanhelpyoubecomeamoreeffectivethinkerinanumberofways.

G.Asyoustudytheroleofevidenceandreasoninginspeechmaking，youwillseehowtheycanbeusedinotherformsofcommunicationaswell.

答案：

1．D　根据后一句，“最伟大的思想家、科学家、发明家经常取用早就存在的消息，然后重新整合形成新的观点”可知，应选D，及世界上没有多少新的观点，只有被认同的观点。

2.E　第三段讲的是在演讲课上，你学会如何组织你的演讲，应选E。

3.A　联系上下句可知，组织演讲不是一个整理你早就有的观点的问题，而是形成观点本身的一个重要部分。

4.F　你在演讲课上学到的技巧会帮助你成为一个更有效的思考者，下面几句都围绕这个话题展开。

5.G　前后都是as引导的从句，故中间这句也应该是as引导的句子。

（一）

（2017·海淀第二学期期末）

TheFirstAmericans

TherewasatimelongagowhenalandbridgeconnectedAsiaandNorthAmerica.ThefirstsettlersinNorthAmericacrossedthislandbridgefromwhatisnowSiberiatoAlaska.Thepeoplewhomadethisinitialcrossingwereprobablyfollowingtheanimalstheyusedforfood.

Eventually,theoceansroseandthelandbridgebetweenthecontinentsdisappeared.Thesettlers,whoIshallcallthe“FirstAmericans”，couldnotreturntotheirhomeland.__1__

Forthenextfewthousandyears,theFirstAmericansmigratedsouthandeastthroughoutNorthandSouthAmerica.TheymadethejourneyallthewayfromAlaskatothesoutherntipofSouthAmerica,adistanceofmorethan10,000miles.__2__

Inthefarnorth,abovetheArcticCircle,theFirstAmericansbecamehuntersoftheocean.__3__Inthebriefsummer，theygatheredberriesandotherplants.Inthewinter,theystayedinlodgesmuchofthetimepreparingforthenextsummer.Itwasahardlife，buttheylearnedtosurviveintheseharshconditions.

Farthersouth,inwhatisnowArizona,Utah,Colorado,andNewMexico,theFirstAmericansbecamecliffdwellers（悬崖居民）.Theybeganbylivingincavesthatalreadyexistedinthecliffs.__4__Thedwellingstheyconstructedinmanywaysresembledtoday'sapartmentbuildings.

__5__Theybuiltasystemofdamsandcanalssotheycouldstoreandusewateralmostanytimeoftheyear.Theyweresosuccessfulthattheycouldraisefruitsandvegetablesthatwerenotfoundnaturallyinthedesert.

InMexicoandSouthAmerica,theFirstAmericansfoundedcivilizationsthatwereamongthegreatestintheworld.Theybuilthugepyramids,livedinfabulouscities,andmadegreatadvancesinscienceandmathematicslongbeforetheEuropeansarrived.

A.Theyalsodiscoveredfoodslikecornandpotatoes.

B.Alongtheway，theyestablishedmanydifferentcivilizations.

C.TheFirstAmericansoftheSouthwestlearnedtoirrigatethedesert.

D.TheywouldhavetosurviveintheNewWorldtheyhaddiscovered.

E.Theybuiltboatsofanimalskinsandhuntedorfishedfortheirfood.

F.Peoplelivingneareachothertendedtosharesimilarenvironmentsandcustoms.

G.Theydiscoveredhowtoaddtothecavesbybuildingstructuresofwoodandstone.

答案：

本文介绍了从亚洲因追踪猎物而横越亚洲和北美大陆桥的最初的美洲人以及他们在美洲发展的历程。

1．D。

由本段描述的因海洋面的上涨和大陆桥的最终被淹没可推知这些从亚洲到美洲的人们不得不在美洲生存下来，应选D。

2．B。

由本段描述的内容：

他们在最初的几千年间处在不断的迁徙中，从阿拉斯加到南美南端，行程多达一万英里，可推知他们在漫长的迁徙过程中创建了许多不同的文明。

应选B。

3．E。

从空前的他们成了海洋上的猎手，可推知E项正确。

4．G。

从空前的他们居住在悬崖上已经存在的洞穴中和空后的他们的建筑在很多方面和现代化的公寓大楼相似，可推知G项正确。

5．C。

本句为段落主题句，从下文描述的他们建设堤坝、沟渠并成功地种植水果、蔬菜，可推知C项正确。

（二）

（2017·海淀期中）

OurFearsCanChangetheRealityoftheSituation

Attimes，ourworriesandanxietiescandefeatus.Inaddition,ourworriescanchangeourunderstandingofwhatisrealityandwhatisnot.Hereisabrieflistoftechniquesthatyoucanusetohelpgainabetterviewpointonthingsduringyouranxiousmoments.

__1__Apersonshouldtakeadeepbreathandtrytofindsomethingtodoforafewminutestogettheirmindofftheproblem.Apersoncouldgetsomefreshair，listentosomemusic，ordoanactivitythatwillgivethemafreshperspectiveonthings.

Rememberthatourfearfulthoughts