届广东省深圳市高三下学期考试英语试题.docx
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届广东省深圳市高三下学期考试英语试题.docx
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届广东省深圳市高三下学期考试英语试题
广东省深圳市2021届高三下学期3月考试
英语试题
卷面满分120分。
考试用时120分钟。
注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。
用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2.作答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案。
答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题:
每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
TheTanzaniaConference
TheTanzaniaConferencewillbeheldinordertocreatedirectcommunicationbetweentheconservation(保护)workers.ItissponsoredbytheRuffordSmallGrants(RSG),agroupthatfundsnatureconservationprojectsacrossthedevelopingworld.
Thisconference,chairedbyHudsonLaizer,willbring49peoplefrom7countries.
TworoundsofExperienceSharingPresentationswillbeheld,eachconsistingof4speeches.
FeaturePresentations:
·LucasKwiyega,Tanzania
HispresentationwillfocusonhissecondRSGprojectoftakingnewmeasurestopreventillegalkillingoflionsinWesternTanzania.
·TutiloMudumba,Uganda
HewilltalkabouthowlieusestheRSGtocollectanimaltrapsandmakesthesewiresintomarketablegoods.
·DanielNiyonsaba,Rwanda
HewillsharehisthirdRSGresearchprojectfindingswhichfocusonwhytheelephantsaredyingoutinNationalParkofRwanda.
·EvarastusObura,Kenya
Hewillpresenthisprojectentitled"Understandingthedeclineofthreatenedantelopes:
usingbarcoding(条形码)tomeasuretheimpactofdamagedwetland".
1.Whatistheaimoftheconference?
A.Toraisemoney.B.Tosetupaproject.
C.Toconnectconservationists.D.Tolookforconservationists.
2.Howmanypresentationswillbeheld?
A.8B.4.C.49.D.7.
3.Whowilltalkaboutthecausesoftheelephant'sextinction?
A.Mr.Kwiyega.B.Mr.Mudumba.C.Mr.Niyonsaba.D.Mr.Obura.
B
OurschoolownedaboatnamedJolieBrise.ItwasoneofthemostfamoustallshipsintheworldandthreetimeswinneroftheFastnetRace.Theboatwasunusual:
especiallyforaremotegrammarschoolinWiltshire,aboutasfarawayfromtheseaasitcangetinEngland.Obviously,suchasitedidn'tmatchitsfame.
Mr.ParishhadoriginallyintendedtojointheRoyalNavybutendedupasateacheratourSchool.Somepupilsguessedthathestillfeltthecalloftheocean-perhapsbecausehislessonswerealmostentirelydevotedtonavigation(航海).Theyarguedthatitwasdeeplyunfairtolearnaboutnavigationbutneveractuallygotosea.ThenMr.Parish,seeingabunchofyoungpeoplepreparedocrewtheboat,allowedthemtosailherinreturnforworkingontheboat.Andthatwasthebeginningoftheschoolsailingclub.
BythetimeIarrived,thesailingclubhadgrown.Atweekends,wewouldworkonherallday,cleaningandpaintingher,andcollapseintosleepingbagsontheflooratnight.Thencamethebigdaywhenaschoolsailingtripwasannounced.ItsdestinationwasSaint-Malo.Butitalsomeantthatwehadtorefittheshipbyremovingeverypieceofballast(压舱物)andreplacingthebilgewater(底舱污水)beforewewereallowedtosail.
AndIdidlearntheropesonthatschooltrip.Ilearnedhowtooperateashipinthehighwaves.Ilearnedthemeaningofteamworkandbecameabetterteamplayer.Ialsolearnedthatthebestfishistheonethatyouhavecaughtandcoedyourselffromaboatthatyouhaverebuiltandsailedyourself.
4.WhatwasunusualabouttheboatJolieBrise?
A.Itwasinaperfectcondition.B.ItslawfulownerwasMr.Parish.
C.ItwongloryfortheRoyalNavy.D.Itslocationwasn'tasfamousasitwas.
5.Whywasthesailingclubsetup?
A.Thecrewwereselected.B.Theboatneededworkers.
C.Mr.Parishtriedtoexplorethesea.D.Studentsaskedtopracticenavigation.
6.Whatfinallymadetheschoolsailingtrippossible?
A.Theclub'spermission.B.Mr.Parish'ssailingexperience.
C.Thestudents'preparingtheshipforit.D.Theschool'sofferingfinancialsupport.
7.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"learntheropes"inparagraph4mean?
A.Learntocook.B.Masterusefulskills.
C.Ensuresailingsafety.D.Useropesproperly.
C
Realfinancialsecurityandfreedomisnotinourjobbutinourpassion.It'seasytodefineandevaluateamanbyhispursuit.JosephCampbelloncesaid,"Followyourdreamandtheuniversewillopendoorswherethereareonlywalls."
Inlife,we'llalwaysbefounddoinganyofthesetwothings:
eithermakingalivingormakingadifference.Pensions(养老金)andsalariesstopmanyfrompursuingexcellencewhilepassionunlockshiddenpotentialsthatequipusforchallengesandopportunities.Ajobhelpsusmakealivingwhilepassionenablesustomakeadifference.
Iwanttosincerelyhelptoadjustandclarifythemisguidedbeliefamongworkersthatajobisameansoflivelihood.Rather,itshouldbeameanstofuelourpassion.Theearlieryourealizethisbasictruthoflife,themoreclearlyyou'llbeabletopositionyourselfinlivingalifeofimpactandvalue.
ThesuccessofKentuckyFriedChicken(KFC)showshowmeaningfulitistopursueyourpassioninsteadofyourpension.Itsfounder,ColonelHarlandSanders,didn'trealizethisuntilhewasgivenhisfirstsocialsecuritycheckof105dollars.Buthedecidedthattheresurelywassomethingtodoforhimselfandotherpeopleinsteadoflivingonthatsmallpension.Hewasdeterminedtoengagehimselfinwhatbroughthimimpactandvalue.Drawinginspirationfromhismother'sspecialrecipeforfriedchicken,heinvented"finger-licking"seasoningwithelevenspicesandherbs.Despitemuchrejection,hemanagedtoroundupsomeinvestorsandpromotecompany'srapidexpansiontomorethan6,000locations.Sanders'lifepointedtowardstwofactsaboutmakingadifference:
one,thereisnoagethatistoooldtomakeadifference;two,thereisnothingtoosmallorinsignificanttomakeadifferencewith,aslongasitisyourpassion.
8.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisargumentinparagraph2?
A.Bylistingexamples.B.Byshowingcontrast.
C.Byincludingaquote.D.Bysharinghisexperience.
9.HowdidSandersprobablyfeelwhenofferedhisfirstsocialsecuritycheck?
A.DeeplyMoved.B.Pleasantlysurprised.
C.Greatlyrelieved.D.Internallymotivated.
10.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestwedo?
A.Pursueourpassion.B.Getawell-paidjob.
C.Secureourposition.D.Getcareerguidance.
11.Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?
A.PassionorPension?
B.FollowingYourDreams
C.WorkingforPensionD.ToWorkornottoWork?
D
InastudypublishedinNatureMachineIntelligence,researchersatOhioStateUniversityshowhowartificialintelligence(AI)canfollowclinicaltrialstoidentifydrugsforrepurposing,asolutionthatcanhelpadvanceinnovativetreatments.
Repurposingdrugsislegalandnotunusual.Whendoctorsprescribe(开处方)drugsthathavebeenapprovedbytheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)forpurposesdifferentfromwhatisprintedonthelabels,thedrugsarebeingused"off-label."JustbecauseadrugisFDA-approvedforaspecifictypeofdiseasedoesnotpreventitfromhavingpossiblebenefitsforotherpurposes.
Forexample,Metformin,adrugthatisFDA-approvedfortreatingtype2diabetes,isalsousedtotreatPCOS(adiseaseofwomen),andotherdiseases.Trazodone,ananti-depressantwithFDA-approvaltotreatdepression,isalsoprescribedbydoctorstohelptreatpatientswithsleepissues.
TheOhioStateUniversityresearchteamcreatedanAIdeeplearningmodelforpredictingtreatmentprobabilitywithpatientdataincludingthetreatment,outcomes,andpotentialconfounders(干扰因素).
Confoundersarerelatedtotheexposureandoutcome.Forexample,aconnectionisidentifiedbetweenmusicfestivalsandincreasesinskinrashes(红疹).Musicfestivalsdonotdirectlycauseskinrashes.Inthiscase,onepossibleconfoundingfactorbetweenthetwomaybeoutdoorheat,asmusicfestivalstendtorunoutdoorswhenthetemperatureishigh,andheatisaknowncauseforrashes.Whenworkingwithreal-worlddata,confounderscouldnumberinthethousands.AIdeeplearningiswell-suitedtofindpatternsinthecomplexityofpotentiallythousandsofconfounders.
Theresearcherteamusedconfoundersincludingpopulationdataandco-prescribeddrugs.Withthisproof-of-concept,nowclinicianshaveapowerfulAItooltorapidlydiscovernewtreatmentsbyrepurposingexistingmedications.
12.Whatdoweknowaboutadrugusedoff-label?
A.Itissoldwithoutalabel.B.Itisavailableatalowprice.
C.Itsusesextendbeyondtheoriginalones.D.Itsclinicaltrialsarerejectedbydoctors.
13.MetforminandTrazodonearesimilarasbothofthem.
A.areusedoff-labelB.treatrarediseases
C.resultinsleepissuesD.aremedicalbreakthroughs
14.Whatcanbeinferredabout"confounders"?
A.Theyarepossibletreatments.
B.Theyareenvironmentalfactors.
C.Theycanbeeasilyrecognizedinreal-worlddata.
D.Theyshouldbetakenintoseriousconsideration.
15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?
A.AIexaminesbenefitsofexistingdrugs.B.AIidentifiesofflabelusesfordrugs.
C.AIfindsnewdrugsforcommondiseases.D.AIprovesthepowerofdrugresearch.
第二节(共5小题:
每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
WhenIdecidedtoleavemyhomecountrytopursueadegreeinCanada,Ihadn'texpectedthatcommunicationwouldbeanissue.16ItookEnglishlessonsinmyteensandscoredwellonEnglishtests.
ButsoonaftermyarrivalinCanada,IrealizedhowwrongIwas.Inresearchdiscussions,surroundedbynativeEnglishspeakers,Ihadtobecareful.Ineededtoconsciouslyfolloweachconversationandtranslateittomynativelanguage.17Finally,ItriedtofindtherightEnglishwordstocommunicatethatresponse
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