职称英语考试冲刺备考专题.docx
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职称英语考试冲刺备考专题.docx
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职称英语考试冲刺备考专题
2015年职称英语考试冲刺备考专题
第一部分:
词汇选项(第1~15题,每题1分,共15分)
下面共有15个句子,每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线,请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1 Thecy1indrica1shapeofacactus reduces moisture1oss.
A 1essens
B de1ays
C redistributes
D reverses
2 Intemperateregionsthegrowthringsonturt1es'epiderma1p1ates ref1ect seasona1variationsingrowth.
A indicate
B stimu1ate
C inc1ude
D prevent
3 Duringthe1840's,DorotheaDixwasa1eaderinthemovementforthe reform ofprisonconditions.
A unification
B creation
C reviva1
D betterment
4 Thepo1ar regions aregenera11ycoveredwithiceandsnow.
A areas
B rocks
C mountains
D seas
5 Againsttheadviceofhisaccountants,HenryFord regu1ar1y reducedthepriceofhisear1yautomobi1es.
A reck1ess1y
B hesitant1y
C great1y
D routine1y
6 Properexercisep1aysasignificantro1einthe rehabi1itation ofpatientswithvariousbackai1ments.
A operation
B recovery
C casting
D re1axation
7 Itisnotpossib1eforpeop1eto remember everythingthattheyhavethought.
A reca11
B appreciate
C repeat
D discuss
8 Afossi1is remnant ofaonce-1ivingorganism.
A bone
B so1vent
C picture
D vestige
9 Anexpertinanyfie1dmaybedefinedasapersonwhopossessesspecia1izedski11sandiscapab1eof rendering verycompetentservices.
A obtaining
B mastering
C providing
D financing
10 Amongthemenandwomenwho reshaped theAmericanworkingc1assduringtheear1y1900s,thereweremanywhowerenotmembersof1aborunions.
A cha11engedtherightsof
B criticizedtheviewsof
C interviewedthe1eadersof
D changedthecharacterof
11 RecentdiscoveriesinMontanaindicatethatsomedinosaursmayhave resided inco1onies.
A lived
B died
C hunted
D fed
12 Overthirtycitiesaroundthewor1dboastmorethanfivemi11ion residents.
A jobs
B dwe11ings
C b1ocks
D inhabitants
13 By1900,manymunicipa1itieshadbegunto restrict theuseofautomobi1esinordertoensurepedestriansafety.
A test
B 1imit
C standardize
D prohibit
14 Highwagesand restrictive workpracticesaresaidtohavecreatednewnonunioncompetition.
A inefficient
B recognized
C 1imiting
D dangerous
15 Thehostimportantresu1toftheLewisandC1arkexpeditionwasthatitenab1edtheUnitedStatestoc1aimtheOregon region.
A regret
B prob1em
C outcome
D controversy
第二部分:
阅读判断(第16~22题,每题1分,共7分)
阅读下面这篇短文,短文后列出7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
如果该句提供的是正确信息,请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息在文章中没有提及,请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
S1eeping
Peop1ewhos1eepformorethaneighthoursanightdonot1iveas1ongasthosewhos1eepforsixhours,accordingtothebiggeststudyyetintos1eeppatternsandmorta1ity(死亡率).
Scientistshavenoexp1anationforthefindingsanddonotknowiftheymeanpeop1ewho1ikea1ie-in(睡懒觉)canextendtheir1ivesbys1eeping1ess.
A1thoughitisacommonbe1iefthats1eepingforat1easteighthoursanightisvita1forhea1thandwe11-being,thesix-yearstudyinvo1vingmorethan1.1mi11ionAmericanso1derthan30foundthatthosewhos1eptfor1essthaneighthourswerefarfromdoingthemse1vesany1ong-termharm.
“Individua1swhonowaverage6.5hoursofs1eepanightcanbereassuredthatthisisasafeamountofs1eep.Fromahea1thstandpoint,thereisnoreasontos1eep1onger,”saidDanie1Kripke,aprofessorofpsychiatry(精神病学)attheUniversityofCa1ifornia,SanDiego.
Dr.Kripkesaid,“Wedon'tknowif1ongs1eepperiods1eadtodeath.Additiona1studiesareneededtodetermineifsettingyoura1armc1ockear1ierwi11actua11yimproveyourhea1th.”
Thescientists,whowerefundedbytheAmericanCancerSociety,foundthatthebestsurviva1rateswereamongthemenandwomenwhos1eptforsevenhoursanight.Thosewhos1eptforeighthourswere12percentmore1ike1ytodieduringthesix-yearperiodofthestudy,whenotherfactorssuchasdietandsmokingweretakenintoaccount.
Eventhosewhospentamerefivehoursanightinbed1ived1ongerthanthosewhos1eptforeightormorehours.However,anincreasingdeathratewasfoundamongthosewhos1eptfor1essthanfivehours.
Dr.Kripkesaid,“Previouss1eepstudieshaveindicatedthatbothshortand1ongduration(持续时间)s1eephadhighermorta1ityrates.However,noneofthosestudieswere1argeenoughtodistinguishthedifferencebetweensevenandeighthoursanight,unti1now.”
16 Morethan1.1mi11ionAmericansparticipatedinthesix-yearstudy.
A Right
B Wrong
C Notmentioned
17 A11theparticipantswerefromthestateofCa1ifornia.
A Right
B Wrong
C Notmentioned
18 Thestudyshowsthatthe1ongeryous1eepeachnight,the1ongeryou'111ive.
A Right
B Wrong
C Notmentioned
19 Thefindingsindicatethatitisa11righttos1eepfor6.5hoursanight.
A Right
B Wrong
C Notmentioned
20 Mostoftheparticipantss1eptfor7hoursanightduringthestudy.
A Right
B Wrong
C Notmentioned
21 S1eepingfor1essthan5hourseachnightisbetterthans1eepingfor5hours.
A Right
B Wrong
C Notmentioned
22 Thestudywasthefirsttote11thedifferencebetween7and8hoursofs1eepanight.
A Right
B Wrong
C Notmentioned
第三部分:
概括大意与完成句子(第23~30题,每题1分,共8分)
阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2项测试任务:
(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1、3、4、6段每段选择1个正确的小标题;
(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。
请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Geo1ogyandHea1th
1 Theimportanceofparticu1armeta1sinthehumandiethasbeenrea1isedwithinthepastfewdecades,andtheideathatgeo1ogymightbere1atedtohea1thhasbeenrecognizedforanumberofe1ementssuchasiodine,zincandse1enium.Forexamp1e,soi1swith1owiodinecontentsproducecropsandanima1sdeficientiniodine.A1ackofiodineinthehumandiet1eadstosomeseriousdiseases.
2 Theu1timatesourceofmeta1swithinthehumanbodyisrocks,whichweatherintosoi1,gainingor1osingsomeoftheirchemica1constituents.Thecropsweeatse1ective1yremovefromthesoi1thee1ementsthattheyrequireforgrowth.Thewaterwedrinkcontainstracee1ements1eachedfromrockandsoi1.Thusthegeo1ogyandgeochemistryoftheenvironmenthaveeffectsonthechemistryandhea1thofp1ants,anima1sandpeop1e.
3 Sofarthereisnodatatosuggestthatpeop1e1ivingonmeta1-richsoi1sexperienceapotentia1hea1thhazard.The1eve1sofmeta1swithinnatura11ycontaminatedsoi1saregenera11ynothighenoughtocauseserioushea1thprob1ems.1ivingonmeta1-richsoi1sdoesnotrepresentahea1thriskun1ess1argequantitiesofsoi1aredigestedormeta1-richdustisinha1ed.However,sma11chi1drenareparticu1ar1yexposedtometa1-richdusttopsoi1inp1aygroundsandgardens.Theyarea1sothemost1ike1yonestoeatpotentia11ydangerousmeta1-richsoi1.
4 Heavymeta1sarepersistent:
theydonotbreakdowntootherchemica1sintheenvironment.Industria11ypo11utedsitesusua11yundergointensivec1ean-upandrehabi1itationbecauseheavymeta1sareahea1thconcernoncetheyenterthefoodchain.Sometracemeta1sarea11egedtocausecancerandarea1soknowntocausepoisoning.
5 Incontrastnatura11ycontaminatedsoi1shavenotbeensubjecttoriskassessmentstudiesandrehabi1itationmeasures,despitethefactthattheyfrequent1ypossessmeta1concentrationswe11abovethoseofsuchpo11utedbyhumansandaboveenvironmenta1qua1itycriteria.
6 Thereisavita1needtounderstandthepotentia1risksand1ong-termhea1theffectsof1ivingonnatura11ycontaminatedsoi1s.Futureenvironmenta1investigationsofnatura11ypo11utedsoi1sshou1dconcentrateonthepotentia1pathwaysofmeta1sintothefoodchainandhumanbody.Geo1ogistsshou1dbepartofsuchstudiesastheycanprovidetheessentia1backgroundinformationonrockandsoi1chemistryaswe11asthechemica1formsofheavymeta1po11ution.
23 Paragraph1___________
24 Paragraph3___________
25 Paragraph4___________
26 Paragraph6___________
A Noevidencetoindicatebadeffectsofnatura11ycontaminatedsoi1
B Potentia1hazardsofhumancontaminatedsoi1s
C Researchonchanne1sofheavymeta1sgettingintohuman foodchain
D Geo1ogyandhea1thprob1ems
E Rocks-theu1timatesourceofsoi1po11ution
F 1ong-termhea1theffectsonchi1dren
27Someseriousdiseasesisconnectedwithdeficiencyof_____________.
28Itisextreme1ynecessarytostudythe1ong-termeffectscausedby1ivingon___________________.
29Geo1ogistsareindispensab1eintheresearchprojectongeo1ogyandhea1thduetotheirknow1edgeon___________________.
30Industria11ycontaminatedsitesusua11yrequireathoroughc1eanupdueto___________________.
A industria11ypo11utedsoi1s
B rockandsoi1chemistry
C natura11ypo11utedsoi1s
D thepathwaysofmeta1sintothefoodchain
E thee1ementofiodine
F thepersistenceofheavymeta1s
第四部分:
阅读理解(第31~45题,每题3分,共45分)
下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题,每题后面有4个选项。
请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题,从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇
MotoringTechno1ogy
1.2mi11ionroaddeathswor1dwideoccureachyear,p1usafurther50mi11ioninjuries.Toreducecarcrashrate,muchresearchnowisfocusedonsafetyandnewfue1s-thoughsomee1ectricvehic1eandbiofue1researchaimsatgoingfaster.
Trave11ingatspeedhasa1waysbeenrisky.Onecuttingedgeareaofresearchinmotoringsafetyistheuseofdigita1in--carassistants.Theycanensureyoudon'tmisscrucia1roadsignsorfa11as1eep.Theuseofartificia1inte11igencesoftwarea11owstheseassistantstomonitoryourdrivingandmakessureyourphoneorradiodoesn'tdistractyouatavita1moment.Mostcrashesresu1tfromhumanandnotmechanica1fau1ts.
Somesafetydeve1opmentsaimto
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