高考英语 It的用法与高考.docx
- 文档编号:23181394
- 上传时间:2023-05-15
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:14
- 大小:25.50KB
高考英语 It的用法与高考.docx
《高考英语 It的用法与高考.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高考英语 It的用法与高考.docx(14页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
高考英语It的用法与高考
it的用法与高考
谈起it,真可谓词小作用大。
it的用法一直是高考命题的热点,也是教学中的重点与难点。
下面结合高考试题来对其常考点和特殊用法进行归纳。
一、it用作代词的用法
1.it用作人称代词,可指人,也可指物。
用来代替前面已经出现的词、词组或句子,以避免重复。
1>.Iwasdisappointedwiththefilm.Ihadexpected______tobemuchbetter.(93)
A.thatB.thisC.oneD.it
2>.—Thereisstillacopyofthebookinthelibrary.Wallyougoandborrow?
—No,I’dratherbuyinthebookstore.[2020陕西卷]
A.oneB.one;oneC.one;itD.it;It
2.it用来指代时间、地点、距离、天气、气候、季节、温度、环境等或虚指的情境。
例如:
Itwasnearlymidnightwhenshecameback.
3.代替有生命但不能或不必分阴阳性的东西(包括婴儿)。
如:
Whatabeautifulbaby----isitaboy?
4.指代心目中或上文中的人或事物。
3>----Isn'tthatAnn'shusbandoverthere?
----No,it___behim.I'msurehedoesn'twearglasses.(2020.全国.29)
A.can'tB.mustnotC.won'tD.maynot
4>----Doyoulike_____here?
----Oh,yes.Theair,theweather,thewayoflife.Everythingissonice.(2020.全国.32)
A.thisB.theseC.thatD.it
it可以指代"未指明,但谈话双方心里都明白的那件事或那种情况",在本题情景中it指"这儿的情况(thesituationhere)"。
又如:
Ican'tstandit(=thissituation)anylonger!
How'sit(=yourlife,work,etc.)going?
Heisfifty,buthedoesn’tlookit.(fiftyyearsold)
It还可以指"已知的或暗含的事实或情况,例如:
5>TheParkersboughtanewhousebut_____willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.(2002.全国.25)
A.theyB.itC.oneD.which在此指"买房之后的情况"。
又如:
Shewasfrightened,buttriednottoshowit.她非常恐惧,但竭力没有表现出来。
二、it可在句子中作主语或宾语,用来代替一个名词,一个短语,一个分句或一个句子,以避免它们在句子中的重复。
为了避免句中作真正主语的动词不定式短语、动名词短语和名词性从句(一般都比较长)置于句首时造成头重脚轻,习惯上用it作形式主语置于句首,指代后面的真正主语,使句子显得流畅,保持句子的平衡。
而且,作形式主语的代词只能用it,不能用that,this等词.
㈠it作形式主语的用法
1.It+be+形容词(+forsb./sth.)+动词不定式
此句型中的形容词用来描述动词不定式所指代的事情的特点。
相当于todosth.is+adj+.forsb./sth,用于此句型的形容词有:
easy,hard,difficult,possible,important,impossible,necessary,good,bad,natural,safe,common,normal,dangerous,unusual,rare,pleasant等。
6>Is___necessarytotellhisfathereverything?
(87)
A.itB.thatC.whatD.he
7>Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day?
(89)
A. this B. that C. it D. he
8>Is___possibletoflytothemooninaspaceship?
(88)A.nowB.manC.thatD.it
2.It+be+形容词+ofsb.+动词不定式
此句型中的形容词主要描述某人的品德、特征。
能用于该句型的形容词有:
kind,nice,wise,clever,brave,silly,foolish,stupid,polite,impolite,rude,friendly,careless,cruel,honest,lazy,modest,naughty,selfish,wrong,right,等。
这个句型可以改写为:
sb.is+adj.+todosth.
3.It+be+名词(+forsb./sth.)+动词
不定式
用于此句型的名词有:
apity,ashame,apleasure,agreatjoy,awasteoftime,one’sturn,one’sduty,one’sjob,fun,goodmanners,badmanners等。
例如:
Itisourdutytoservethepeople.
4.It+be+形容词/名词+doingsth.
此句型中的形容词和名词常见的有:
no/littleuse,no/muchgood,no/muchharm,no/awonder,useless,senseless,dangerous,enjoyable,worthwhile等。
如:
Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收。
9>___feltfunnywatchingmyselfonTV.[2020全国卷II]
A.OneB.ThisC.ItD.That
5.It+谓语+名词从句(主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)
it作形式主语,that从句作真正主语,常见的句型有:
⑴It+be+形容词(obvious,true,,surprising,wonderful,funny,,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that…
⑵It+be+形容词(importantnecessary,right,possiblestrange
natural...)thatsb.(should)dosth.
⑶
It+be+名词词组(nowonder,anhonor,agoodthing,nosurprise,afact,apleasure,asurprise,anhonor,apity,commonsenseetc.)+that…
10>_____isafactthatEnglishis
beingacceptedasaninternationallanguage(1995.37)
A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It
11>TheForeignMinistersaid,“____ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”(2020.北京.24)
A.ThisisB.ThereisC.ThatisD.Itis
12>Hehasn’tsleptatallforthreedays.___heistiredout.(2020.湖北.30)
A.ThereisnopointB.Thereisnoneed
C.ItisnowonderD.Itisnoway
13>___isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastrongerandmoreprosperouseconomy.(2020高考浙江卷4)
A.AsB.ThatC.ThisD.It
⑷It+be+过去分词(said,reported,believed,declared,expected,supposed,hoped,accepted,stated,acknowledged,recognized,mentioned,proved.shown,announced,arranged,observed,proposed,regarded,considered,thought,learned,wellknown,pointedout,....)+that…
14>Ithasbeenproved______eatingvegetablesinchildhoodhelp
stoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessesinlaterlife.(上海36)
A.ifB.becauseC.whenD.that
15>Itisoftenthathumanbeingsarenaturallyequippedtos
peak.(09全国II.6)
A.saidB.tosayC.sayingD.beingsaid
⑸It+be+过去分词(suggested,ordered,demanded,requested...)thatsb.(should)dosth.
⑹It+不及物动词(seems,happens,appears,occurs)+that…或Itlooks(seems)+asif...
另外,常见的句型还有:
Itisnotsettled/hasnotbeendecided/isstillunknown/Itmakesnodifference…+whether…
Itdoesn’tmatterwhether..
如:
Itdependsontheweatherwhetherwewillgo.
16>Does ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?
(9
1)
A. this B. that C. he D. it
㈡it作形式宾语的用法
由作形式宾语,真正的宾语后置的固定句式有下面几个类型:
1.主语+谓语+it+形容词/名词+动词不定式/从句
17>Idon'tthink___possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.(90)
A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it
18>Youshouldmakeitaruletoleavethings_____youcanfindthemagain(1999.18)
A.whenB.whereC.thenD.there
19.ThechairmanthoughtnecessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.(2020.全国II卷.35)
A.thatB.itC.thisD.him
20>Hedidn’tmake___clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.(2020高考天津卷1)A.thisB.thatC.itD.these
21>AsthebusiestwomaninNorton.shemade___herdutytolookafteralltheotherpeople’saffairsinthattown.(06高考湖南26)
A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it
2.主语+谓语+it+从句
在Ilike/love/enjoy/hate…itwhen…这个结构中,it
是形式宾语,真正的宾语是when从句所描述的某种情形。
值得注意
的是,这
种情况与我们所熟悉的it作形式宾语的复合
结构是不同的,因为在它之后没有形容词或名词作宾语补足语。
又如:
Ihateitwhenyoucan’tdiscussthingsopenly.
Ilikeitthateveryonepassedtheexam.
22>Ihate_____whenpeopleta
lkwiththeirmouthsfull.(1998.8)
A.itB.thatC.theseD.them
23>Ilike_____intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.(2020.全国.27)
A.thisB.thatC.itD.one
24>I’dappreciate___ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.(2020山东24)A.thatB.itC.thisD.you
3.主语+谓语+介词+it+从句
如:
I’llseetoitthat(注意做到)everythingisreadyintime.
CanIdependonit(相信)thatthiswon’ttakeplaceagain?
4.主语+谓语+it+介词短语+从句
Itookitforgrantedthattheywerenotcoming.
三.it可用于强调结构,构成句型:
It's+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其他部分。
如果被强调部分是人,既可用that又可用who,其余的全部用that。
这一句型也可用于一般疑问句、否定句或特殊疑问句。
其特点是:
去掉Itis(was)及that(who)后,在不添词、不减词的前提下能重新构成一个意义完整的句子。
例如:
25>Was it during the Second World War___ he died?
(88)
A. that B. while C. in which D. then
26>It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star. (92)
A. when , that B. until , that C. until , that D. when , then
27>Itwasabout600yearsago_____thefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.(1997.25)
A.thatB.untilC.beforeD.when
28>Itwasnotuntil1920____regularradiobroadcastsbegan.(1995.33)A.whileB.whichC.thatD.since
29>It was only when I reread this poems recently ___ I began to appreciate their beauty.
A. until B. that C. then D. so (97)
30>It is the ability to do the job ____ matters not where you come from or
what you are.
A. one B. that C. what D. it (2000)
31>Why!
Ihavenothingtoconfess.____youwantmetosay?
(2020.上海.43)
A.WhatisitthatB.Whatitisthat
C.HowisitthatD.Howitisthat
32>Ijustwonder____thatmakeshimsoexcited.(2020高考山东卷32)
A.whyitdoesB.whathedoesC.howitisD.whatitis
33>—Hegothisfirstboo
kpublished.It
turnedouttobeabestseller.
—Whenwas_____?
—_____wasin2000whenhewasstillincollege.[2020浙江卷]
A.that;ThisB.this;ItC.it;ThisD.that;It
34>Itwasnotuntilmidnighttheyreachedthecampsite.(08重庆卷22)
A.thatB.whenC.whileD.as
容易与强调结构混淆的固定句型:
⑴Itisthefirsttime(that)sb.have/hasdonesth.
Itwasthefirsttime(that)sb.haddonesth.
该句型中that引导定语从句,修饰先行词thefirst(second…)time,译为:
这是某人第一(二…)次做某事。
例如:
Itisthefirsttime(that)Ihavebeenhere.
Itwasthefirsttime(that)Ihadvisitedtheplace.
⑵Itis(high/about)time(that)sb.did/shoulddosth.该句型中that引导虚拟定语从句,修饰先行词time,意思是:
某人早该做某事了。
Itishightime(that)hewenttoschool.
⑶Itis/hasbeen+时间段+sincesb.didsth.
Itwas+时间段+sincesb.haddonesth.
若since从句中的谓语动词是终止性动词,表示“自某人做某事以来已经多久了”;若从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词,则表示“自某人不做某事以来已经多久了”。
例如:
Itis10yearssinceweleftourhometown.自我们离开家乡已经10年了。
Itis10yearssincewelivedinthatvillage.自我们不住在那个村庄已经10年了。
35>Thatwasreallyasplendidevening.It’syears______Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.(2020.全国I卷.29)
A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.since
36>Itisalmostfiveyears___wesaweachotherlasttime.(2020北京春季.23)
A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when
⑷Itis+时间段名词+before...
此句型若为肯定句,意指“过了多久才…”,若为否定句,则是指“没过多久就…”
例如:
Itwillbehoursbeforehearriveshere.
几小时以后他才会到这儿。
Itwasnotlongbeforet
heydrovetheenemyfromtheirhomeland.没多久他们就把敌人从他们的国土上赶跑了。
37>Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears____itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.(2020.福建.31)A.sinceB.afterC.bef
oreD.when
38>Itwassometime_____werealizedthetruth.(2020.山东.24)A.whenB.untilC.sinceD.before
39>—Howlongdoyouthinkitwillbe___Chinasendsamannedspaceshiptothemoon?
—Perhapstwoorthreeyears.(2020福建卷25)
A.whenB.untilC.thatD.before
40>It____longbeforewe____theresultoftheexperiment.(2002年上海春)
A.willnotbe;willknowB.is;willknow
C.willnotbe;knowD.is;know
⑸Itis+时间名词+when…
Itwas8o’clockwhenhecameback.(定语从句)
⑹Itis+时间状语+that…
Itwas3yearsagothathejoinedthearmy.(强调结构)
⑺Itis+地点名词+where…
ItistheplacewhereIwasborn.(定语从句)
⑻Itis+地点状语+that…
ItwasintheplacethatIcametoknowhim.(强调结构)
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 高考英语 It的用法与高考 高考 英语 It 用法