历届高考英语完形填空全国卷.docx

历届高考英语完形填空全国卷.docx

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历届高考英语完形填空全国卷

高考完形填空专项训练步步高

抓好三方面●跨好三大步●做好三结合

------谈完形填空解题技巧

中学生在做完形填空题时存在的问题，概括起来有以下三方面：

1.不善于抓文章的主旨大意，并以此为中心展开对整篇文章的推理、判断，导致理解上出现偏差，甚至和文章的中心相悻。

2.容易受定势思维的影响，对文意分析不透，忽视特定语境中知识的运用。

3.对完形填空题怀有厌倦、畏惧心理，以至做题时处于应付状态，做题能力得不到提高。

那么，怎样才能提高做完形填空题的能力呢？

我们应从以下三方面入手训练思维能力和解题技巧：

抓准主旨、透析文意、理清逻辑。

并在做题过程中把这三方面与做完形填空的三大步骤“通读、精读、复读”有机结合，明确每步的思维主攻方向。

即抓好三方面，跨好三大步，做好三结合。

一、通读短文抓主旨

一般情况下，完形填空短文都不给标题，不容易把握文章的主题和大意。

但短文首句通常不设空格，这就为我们窥视文章全貌提供了一个窗口，而尾句往往是文章的总结、结论或点睛之笔，所以抓住开篇启示作用的首句和总结概括性的尾句是必要的。

借助于首尾句给予的启示，克服不良心理的影响，满怀信心，全神贯注，目光越过空格，注意能体现文章大意的关键词句，尽力从整体上理解短文大意，这是逐空填词的重要依据和基础。

如果一开始就忙于见空填空，势必无法从整体上把握全文概要，无法形成连贯的思路，只见树木不见森林，理解偏离文章的中心，造成顾，此失彼的错误，甚至影响做题速度。

抓住了文章的主旨大意后，我们围绕主旨大意去阅读、预测、推理、判断，往往会收到事半功倍的效果。

尤其是一些干扰性强，容易使人犯想当然错误的选项就会迎刃而解。

二、精读短文析文意

在基本抓住文章的主旨后，应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境做深人的理解，克服“定势思维”，根据全文大意和词不离句，句不离文的原则，逐项填空。

切不可以单纯的词汇辨析或语法角度去做题，而应以能否恰如其分地表达文意作为选择最佳答案的唯一标准。

要吃透文意，理解到位，我们应做到以下几点：

1.从上下文的角度考虑，注意其内在联系。

就题论题，断章取义，忽视上下文的信息提示是我们常犯的错误。

因此我们在做题时要注重暗含的信息提示，找准突破口，确保文意畅通。

2.从词汇意义及用法、惯用法和搭配的角度去考虑，准确判断。

NMET完形填空题中考查词汇意义及用法、惯用法和搭配的题目逐年增多，必须结合上下文把握文意，研读细节，准确认定语境，才能做好这类题目。

3.从逻辑推理、常识等角度考虑，挖掘文章的寓意及隐含意义。

尤其是NMET完形填空短文大都包含一定的哲理和寓意，具备深层探询的可能性，这就要求我们既要明确表层意义，还要理解其深层含义。

而结合我们已有的生活常识和社会常识去做题，则会有意想不到的效果，因为每个人的能力不是单一的。

4.从英汉两种语言的差异角度去考虑，避免错误。

因为我们在英语学习过程中往往伴随“心译”过程，而出题者则会从母语的角度设置干扰项，在做题时一定要意识到这一点，不要受母语影响，借助平时学习中培养起来的语感，灵活处理。

总之，在逐项填空时应根据全文大意和词不离句，句不离文的原则，把上下文的意思、句

法结构、词类和语法功能、惯用法、逻辑推理常识等各种因素加在一起综合考虑，仔细推敲，

选中答案。

三、复读全文再检验

在做完一篇完形填空后，文章完整了，应从头至尾读一遍，根据复读的语感和对整篇短文的理解，再次将较明显的错误改正，个别需要推敲的再做调整，力争尽可能少出错。

另外，要做好完形填空，除了具备扎实的基础知识和快速阅读及理解的能力外，良好的心理素质和思维品质也至关重要。

我们在平时训练时不能忽视对后者的训练。

一、高考完形填空解析

（一）—（MET91）

Onthenightoftheplay.Jackwasatthetheaterearlyandhewasalreadydressedinapoliceman'sclotheslong1theendofthefirstscene.Hecertainlylookedthepartallrighthethoughtashe2himselfinthemirror.He3thoughtofgoingoutintothestreettosee4hecouldpassas5outthere.Justfor6,ofcourse.

Thenhesuddenlyfeltnervous.Afterallitwashisfirsttimeto7apartinaplay.8couldhefaceallthosepeople9theplay?

heputhisheadinhishandsandtriedto10hislines（台词）,butnothing11tohismind.

Aknockonthedoormadehimlook12.Hewastogoonstage（舞台）inthesecondscene."HaveI13mypartandruined（破坏）theplayforeverybody?

"hethoughttohimself.But14wasonlythemanager.She15hownervoushewasand16heshouldstandnearthestage17hecouldwatchandfollowtheplay.Itwasagood18ofgettingridofhisnervousness»shesaid.Shewasright,itseemedto19.Infactthemorehewatchedtheplay,the20hefelthimselfpartofit.

Atlastthe21cameforhimtoappearonthestage.Butsuddenlythemanagercametohimagain,22worriedassheplacedahandonhisarmto23himback."Hasanythinggone24?

"Jackasked."I'mafraidyou'regoingtobe25."shesaid,"They'vejumpedthreepagesoftheplayandhavemissedyourpartoutcompletely."

1.A.beforeB.byC.afterD.at

2.A.lookedB.showedC.admiredD.enjoyed

3.A.justB.evenC.stillD.already

4.A.howB.whyC.asifD.whether

5.A.apolicemanB.aninspectorC.anofficerD.amanager

6.A.jokeB.funC.playD.exercise

7.A.makeB.joinC.haveD.give

8.A.WhereB.WhyC.WhenD.How

9.A.followingB.attendingC.watchingD.observing

10.A.readB.rememberC.understandD.learn

11.A.cameB.wentC.happenedD.got

12.A.awayB.upC.outD.down

13.A.passedB.leftC.missedD.failed

14.A.thisB.thatC.sheD.it

15.A.wonderedB.imaginedC.noticedD.examined

16.A.agreedB.suggestedC.persuadedD.encouraged

17.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.there

18.A.ideaB.wayC.pathD.plan.

19.A.doB.winC.workD.act

20.A.lessB.harderC.betterD.more

21.A.hourB.minuteC.momentD.period

22.A.feelingB.lookingC.sounding•D.growing

23.A.holdB.take„C.catchD.push

24.A.badB.lateC.madD.wrong

25.A.frightenedB.excitedC.disappointedD.pleased

（二）（NMET91）

Itwasacoldwinter'safternoon.Robertstoppedforamomentashecrossedthebridgeandlookeddownattheriverbelow.Therewerehardlyany1ontheriver.2thebridge,however,almostdirectbelow,3wasasmallcanoe,withaboyinit.Hewas4wearingmanydothes.Robert5.Heshiveredandwalkedon.

6heheardacry."Help!

Help!

"Thecry7fromtheriver.Robertlookeddown.Theboywas8thewaterandhiscanoewas9away."Help!

Help!

"hecalledagain.

Robertwasagood10.Takingoffhisclothes,he11intotheriver.The12watermadehimtrembleallover,13inafewsecondshereachedthe14"Don'tbeafraid,"hesaidandstartedtoswimtowardstheriverbank,15theboywithhim.Butatthat16henoticedalargemotorboatunderthebridge.Therewereseveralpeopleontheboat,all17inhisdirection.Robert18toswimtowardstheboat.

"Givemeahand,"heshouted19hegotneartheboat.He20upintoarowoffaces."It'sfunny,"hethought."Theylookso21."Silentlytheyhelpedtheboyintotheboatand22himinablanket.Buttheydidnotmoveto23Robert.

"Aren'tyougoingtopullme24too?

"Robertasked.

"You!

"saidoneoftheman.Robertnoticedthathewasstandingnexttoalarge25."You!

Why»weweremakingafilmandyouspoiledawholeafternoon'swork.Youcanstayinthewater!

"

1.A.fishB.boatsC.wavesD.sound

2.A.FromB.TowardsC.NearD.Behind

3.A.thereB.itC.whereD.that

4.A.thenB.alsoC.onlyD.not

5.A.noticedB.sawC.guessedD.said

6.A.TillthenB.JustthenC.FarawayD.Fromthere

7.A.happenedB.wentC.arrived.D.came

8.A.onB.withinC.inD.under

9.A.runningB.floatingC.flowingD.pulling

10.A.swimmerB.guard.C.soldierD.player.

11.A.threwB.lookedC.jumpedD.turned

12.A.deepB.coolC.dirtyD.cold

13.A.butB.soC.andD.or

14.A.canoeB.bankC.boyD.bridge

15.A.pushingB.draggingC.holdingD.catching

16.A.placeB.periodC.secondD.moment

17.A.seeingB.smilingC.lookingD.shouting

18.A.decidedB.wentC.agreedD.promised

19.A.whileB.tillC.forD.as

20.A.turnedB.lookedC.hurriedD.stood

21.A.nervousB.afraidC.excitedD.angry

22.A.warppedB.leftC.placedD.threw

23.A.saveB.thankC.wrapD.help

24.A.onB.outC.awayD.off

25.A.boatB.blanketC.cameraD.screen

（三）（91上海）

Whyisaspaceleftbetweentherailsofarailwaylinewhereonepiecejoinsthenext?

Thespace1tolettherailexpand（膨胀）whenitgets2.Onahotday,themetalexpandsandifit3todothis,therailswouldbend4shape.Thiscausedrailway5inthepast.

6solidsexpandmuchlessthanliquidsorgases,the7increases（增加量）canadduptoalot,whentherearelong8ofrail.Forexample,thedifferenceinlengthofrail,insummerandwinter,9thedistancebetweenLondonandEdinburgh,isabout1/4mile.

We10keepinourmindsandmustnotforgettheexpansionofmetalwhenwebuildaverylongmetalbridge11.Sospacesareleftintheplaces12themetalisjoined.

When13colder,itbecomessmallerinsize.Wecanmakeuseofthe14thatsolidsexpandwhentheyareheated,andbecomesmallerinsizewhentheygetcolder,and15theydoitatdifferent16.

Forexample,whenanironband（铁箍）hastofittightly17awoodenwheel,firstwemakeit18thanthewheel,thenwe19it,sothatitgoesoneasily.Whenitgetscolder,itbecomessmallerinsizeand20thewheelverytightly.

1.A.leavesB.isleftC.leftD.hasleft

2.A.hotB.wetC.coldD.dry

3.A.isnotallowedB.isallowedC.werenotallowedD.wereallowed

4.A»inB.offC.outofD.with

5.A.incidentsB.happeningsC.troubleD.accidents

6.A.AlthoughB.IfC.BecauseD.After

7.A.moreB.someC.bitD.small

8.A.differencesB.lengthsC.railwaysD.ways

9.A.onB.inC.overD.from

10.A.havetoB.canC.mayD.need

11.A.eitherB.againC.elseD.too

12.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when

13.A.solidsgetB.thesolidsgetC.solidgetsD.asolidgets

14.A.reasonB.factC.causeD.way

15.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.so

16.A.speedsB.expansionsC.conditionsD.lines

17.A.onB.roundC.withD.within

18.A.alittlesmallerB.alittlelongerC.muchsmallerD.muchlarger

19.A.coolB.heatC.warmD.wash

20.A.carriesB.makesC.keepD.holds

（四）（MET92）

OnThursdayafternoonMrsClarkelockedthedoorandwenttothewomen'sclubasusual.Itwasapleasantwayofpassingtime1anoldwomanwholived2.

Whenshecamehomeshesensedsomething3.Hadsomeonegotin?

Thebackdoorandthewindowswereall4andtherewasno5offorcedentry（进入）.Had6beentaken?

Shewentfromroomtoroom,7,andfoundhercameraandsparewatch8.

ThefollowingThursdayshewentoutather9time,butdidn'tgototheclub.10shetookashortwalkinaparknearbyandcamehome,11herselfinthroughthebackdoor.Shesettleddowntowaitandseewhatwould12.

Itwas4o'clockwhenthefrontdoorbellrang.MrsClarkewas13teaatthetime.Thebellrangagain,and14sheheardherletter-boxbeingpushedopen.15thekettle（壶）ofboilingwater,shemovedquietly16thedoor.A17ofwireappearedthroughtheletter-box,andthena18.Thewireturnedandcaughtaroundtheknob（圆形旋钮）onthedoorlock.MrsClarkeraisedthekettleand19thewateroverthehand.20washeardoutsideasthe21felltothefloorandthehandwaspulledback,whichwas•222bythesoundofrunningfeet.

Itwasn'tlong23thepolicecaughtthethief.AndMrsclarkewasgreatly24attheclubforhersuccessful25.

1.A.byB.toC.withD.for

2.A.lonelyB.aloneC.awayD.busily

3.A.terribleB.uncomfortableC.unusualD.bad

4.A.lockedB.openedC.brokenD.fixed

5.A.sceneB.showC.signD.sight

6.A.anythingB.nothingC.moneyD.jewels

7.A.lookingB.examiningC.searchingD.checking

8.A.losingB.missi