北京市高考英语第二次模拟试题与答案.docx

北京市高考英语第二次模拟试题与答案.docx

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北京市高考英语第二次模拟试题与答案

2020年北京市高考英语第二次模拟试题与答案

本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

注意事项:

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等信息填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

AccordingtotheInternationalEcotourismSociety,eco-travelis“responsibletraveltonaturalareasthatprotectstheenvironment,maintainsthewell-beingsandinvolveseducation”.Eco-travelisontherise,asmoreandmorepeoplebecomeconsciousabouttheircarbonfootprint.

ExpertfromBoundlessJourneys,MattHolmes,whoworks-ontravelexperiencestowardsconservingareassaid,“Asscientistsandnon-scientistslearnmoreabouthowwehumanbeingsareimpactingtheplanet,Ithink.morepeoplewanttodowhattheycanwhilestillexploringtheworld.Ourguestsaredefinitelyinterestedinthataspectofourjourneys.TravelerscanfarmtheirownfoodinItaly,managingtheiruseofwaterandusingsolarorwindpower.Theycanalsovisitnfamily-runcampthatcaresforretiredloggingelephantsinMyanmar,knowaparkentryfeegoestoaconservationorganizationinCostaRica,employandtrainmembersofthelocalcommunityorpartnerwithaprotectiongroup.Therearelotsofoptionsforseekingoutgreenerholiday.”

Mostpeoplebelievethateco-travelisexpensiveanditistrue.Mattexplained“Anti-poachingpatrols（巡逻）needtobepaid,solarenergyequipmentcostsalottoinstall,buildingwithenvironmentallyfriendly,materialsismoreexpensiveandsoon.Theextracostisnecessary,asyourepayingtominimizeyourfootprintandprotecttheplacesyouvisit,whichisexactlywhateco-travelisabout.Thefinancialsuccessandsustainability（可持续性）ofaneco-focusedoperationdoesn’tcomefromthinair.”Theindustryistryingtomakeeco-travelaffordableandmakeitaccessibletothecommonpeople.

1.Whatisthepositiveinfluenceofeco-friendlytravel?

A.Itenablestravelerstoprotecttheenvironmentwhiletraveling

B.Itkeepshumanbeingshealthyandhappyinafriendlyatmosphere.

C.Itteachesustoberesponsibleforthedevelopmentofeconomy.

D.Itofferssomevaluableeducationabouttheknowledgeofgardening.

2.AccordingtoMattHolmes,travelerswillbeinterestedin________.

A.eatingdeliciousfoodinItalyB.visitingelephantsinthezoo

C.workingtogetherwithaprotectiongroupD.raisingparkentryfeeinCostaRica

3.Whatwillprobablybetalkedaboutinthenextparagraphofthepassage?

A.Whyeco-travelisexpensive.

B.Howwecanmakeeco-travellessexpensive.

C.Whatmaterialareusedineco-travel.

D.Wherewecangoforeco-travel.

B

Scienceisfinalybeginningtoembraceanimalswhowere,foralongtime,consideredsecond-classcitizens.

AsAnniePottsofCanterburyUniversityhasnoted,chickensdistinguishamongonehundredchickenfacesandrecognizefamiliarindividualsevenaftermonthsofseparation.Whengivenproblemstosolve,theyreason:

henstrainedtopickcoloredbuttonssometimeschoosetogiveupanimmediatefoodrewardforaslightlylater（andbetter）one.Healthyhensmayaidfriends,andmournwhenthosefrienddie.

Pigsrespondmeaningfultohumansymbols.WhenaresearchteamledbyCandaceCroneyatPennStateUniversitycarriedwoodenblocksmarkedwithXandOsymbolsaroundpigs,onlytheOcarriersofferedfoodtotheanimals.ThepigssoonignoredtheXcarriersinfavoroftheO's.Thentheteamswitchedfromreal-lifeobjectstoT-shirtsprintedwithXorOsymbols.Still,thepigswalkedonlytowardtheO-shirtedpeople:

theyhadtransferredtheirknowledgetoatwo-dimensionalformat,anotinconsiderablefeatofreasoning.

I’vebeenguiltyofprejudicedexpectations,myself.Atthestartofmycareeralmostfourdecadesago,Iwasfirmlyconvincedthatmonkeysandapesout-thinkandout-feelotheranimals.They'reotherprimates（灵长目动物）,afterall,animalsfromourownmammalian（哺乳动物的）class.Fairlysoon,Icametoseethatalongwithourclosestlivingrelatives,whalestooaremastersofculturallearning,andelephantsexpressprofoundjoyandmourningwiththeirsocialcompanions.Long-termstudiesinthewildonthesemammalshelpedtofuelaviewpointshiftinoursociety:

thepublicnolongersoeasilyacceptsmonkeysmadetoundergopainfulprocedurekinlaboratories,elephantsforcedtoperformincircuses,anddolphinskeptinsmalltanksatthemeparks.

Overtime,though,asIbegantobroadenoutevenfurtherandexploretheinnerlivesoffish,chickens,pigs,goats,andcows,Istartedtowonder:

Willthenewscienceof"foodanimals"bringanethical（伦理的）revolutionintermsofwhoweeat?

Inotherwords,willourethicsstarttocatchupwiththedevelopmentofourscience?

Animalactivistsarealreadythere,ofcourse,committedtonoteatingtheseanimals.Butwhatabouttherestofus?

Canpayingattentiontothethinkingandfeelingoftheseanimalsleadustomakechangesinwhoweeat?

4.AccordingtoAnniePotts,henshavetheabilityof_____________.

A.interactionB.analysis

C.creationD.abstraction

5.Theresearchintopigsshowsthatpigs___________.

A.learnlettersquicklyB.haveagoodeyesight

C.canbuildupagoodrelationshipD.canapplyknowledgetonewsituations

6.Paragraph4ismainlyabout________.

A.thesimilaritiesbetweenmammalsandhumans

B.thenecessityoflong-termstudiesonmammals

C.achangeinpeople'sattitudestowardsanimals

D.adiscoveryofhowanimalsexpressthemselves

7.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.TheInnerLivesofFoodAnimalsB.TheLifestylesofFoodAnimals

C.ScienceReportsonFoodAnimalsD.ARevolutioninFoodAnimals

C

Whydoestimeseemtoflybyfasteraswegetold?

You'vegotyouragingbraintoblame.Thisislikelyduelargelytothephysicalchangesofournervesandneurons（神经元）.Newresearchsuggests‘rapidfire’abilitiesoftheyoungbrainallowustoprocessmoreinformationduringyouth,causingthedaystoseemlongerearlierinlife.However,aswegetold,researcherssaytheolderbraintakesmoretimetoprocessinformation.

ThenewfindingputforwardbyaDukeUniversityresearcherwaspublishedinapaperinthejournalEuropeanReviewthisweekAccordingtoAdrianBejan,theJ.AJonesProfessorofMechanicalEngineeringatDuke,thephysicalchangesofournervesandneuronsplay,amajorroleinourperception（知觉）oftimeaswegetold.Overtheyearsthesestructuresbecomemorecomplexandeventuallybegintodegrade.

"Littlebabies,forexample,movetheireyesmuchmoreoftenthanadultsbecausethey’reprocessingimagesatafasterrate,"Beiansays,Forolderpeople,thismeansfewerimagesarebeingprocessedinthesameamountoftime,causingexperiencestoseemasthoughthey’rehappeningmorequickly.

8.Whatcausestimetoflyfasteraswegetold?

A.Changesofournervesandneurons.B.Informationinourbrain.

C.Theelectricalsignals.D.Rapidfireabilities.

9.Whatisunavoidableintheprocessofgettingold?

A.Longerdays.B.Agingbrains.

C.Moreimages.D.Lessexperience.

10.Whydothedaysseemlongerearlierinlife?

A.Youngpeoplearemoreenergeticintheirlife.

B.Theyoungerbraintakeslesstimetoprocessinformation

C.Oldpeoplehavefewerthingstodothanyoungpeople.

D.Littlebabiesmovetheireyesmuchmoreoften.

11.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?

A.NervesandNeuronsB.TimeFliesFast

C.TheOlder,theFasterD.TheFunctionoftheBrain

D

HONGKONG-Cross-borderbusesoperatedbyHongKongcompaniesonFridaystartedtrialrunsontheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge（HZMB）inpreparationforthebridge’supcomingopening.

“Thetrialruns,arrangedbythegovernmentsoftheChinesemainland,theHongKongSpecialAdministrativeRegion（SAR）andtheMacaoSAR,wouldlastforthreedaysandaimedattestingthereadinessofboundarycrossingfacilities（设施）ofthethreeplaces,”theHongKongSARgovernment’sTransportandHousingBureautoldXinhua.

Twomajorcross-boundarycoachtradeassociationsinHongKongwereinvitedtosendbusesandmemberstoparticipateinthetrialruns.

FreemanCheung,secretaryofHongKongGuangdongBoundaryCrossingBusAssociation,saidhisassociationwouldrunonebuswithabout10passengersonFridayandSaturdayrespectivelyaspartofthetrialruns.

“OurbusstartedatnoonfromtheHongKongBoundaryCrossingFacilitiesandranallthewaytoZhuhaiinabout40minutes,”hesaid,addingthat“thejourneywassmooth.”

AlanChan,secretaryofanothertradeassociationwhoparticipatedinthetrialrunsasapassenger,saidtheclearanceproceduresatboundarycrossingfacilitiesofthethreeplacesallwentonwellandsmoothly.

“TheboundarycrossingfacilitiesofZhuhaiandMacao,inparticular,areoperatedinacollaborative（合作的）way,whichhelpsremarkablyshortenthetimeneededfortheclearanceprocedures,”hesaid.

TheHZMB,situatedatthewatersofLingdingyangofPearlRiverEstuary,isamega-sizeseacrossinglinkingtheHongKongSAR,ZhuhaicityofGuangdongProvinceandtheMacaoSAR.

The55-kmbridgeisthelongestbridge-and-tunnel（隧道）seacrossingintheworld.

ThebridgeismeanttomeetthedemandofpassengerandfreightlandtransportamongHongKong,theChinesemainlandandMacao,andtoestablishanewlandtransportlinkbetweentheeastandwestbanksofthePearlRiver.

12.Welearnfromthepassagethat________.

A.AlanChanparticipatedinthetrialrunsasadriver

B.twocoachtradeassociationsinZhuhaitookpartinthetrialruns

C.theHZMBislocatedatthewatersofLingdingyangofPearlRiverEstuary

D.the55-kmbridgeisthesecondlongestbridge-and-tu