高考英语复习 阅读理解汇编73.docx

高考英语复习 阅读理解汇编73.docx

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高考英语复习阅读理解汇编73

2017高考英语阅读理解汇编（73）

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

ArecentstudyofancientandmodernelephantshascomeupwiththeunexpectedconclusionthattheAfricanelephantisdividedintotwodistinct（不同的）species.

ThediscoverywasmadebyresearchersatYorkandHarvardUniversitieswhentheywereexaminingthegeneticrelationshipbetweentheancientwoollymammothandmastodontomodernelephants—theAsianelephant,Africanforestelephant,andAfricansavannaelephant.

OncetheyobtainedDNAsequences（序列）fromtwofossils（化石）,mammothsandmastodons,theteamcomparedthemwithDNAfrommodernelephants.TheyfoundtotheiramazementthatmodernforestandsavannaelephantsareasdistinctfromeachotherasAsianelephantsandmammoths.

ThescientistsuseddetailedgeneticanalysistoprovethattheAfricansavannaelephantandtheAfricanforestelephanthavebeendistinctspeciesforseveralmillionyears.ThedivergenceofthetwospeciestookplacearoundthetimeofthedivergenceofAsianelephantsandwoollymammoths.Thisresultamazedallthescientists.

Therehaslongbeendebateinthescientificcommunitythatthetwomightbeseparatespecies,butthisisthemostconvincingscientificevidencesofarthattheyareindeeddifferentspecies.

Previously,manynaturalistsbelievedthatAfricansavannaelephantsandAfricanforestelephantsweretwopopulationsofthesamespecies,despitetheelephants’significantsizedifferences.Thesavannaelephanthasanaverageshoulderheightof3.5metreswhiletheforestelephanthasanaverageshoulderheightof2.5metres.Thesavannaelephantweighsbetweensixandseventons,roughlydoubletheweightoftheforestelephant.Butthefactthattheylooksodifferentdoesnotnecessarilymeantheyaredifferentspecies.HowevertheprooflayintheanalysisoftheDNA.

AlfredRoca,assistantprofessorintheDepartmentofAnimalSciencesattheUniversityofIllinois,said,“Wenowhavetotreattheforestandsavannaelephantsastwodifferentunitsforconservationpurposes.Since1950,allAfricanelephantshavebeenconservedasonespecies.Nowthatweknowtheforestandsavannaelephantsaretwoverydistinctiveanimals,theforestelephantshouldbecomeabiggerpriority（优先）forconservationpurposes.”

1.Oneofthefossilsstudiedbytheresearchersisthatof　　　.　

A.theAsianelephant　　　　　　　B.theforestelephant

C.thesavannaelephant　　　　　　D.themastodonelephant

2.Theunderlinedword“divergence”inParagraph4means“　　　."

AA.evolution　　B.exhibition　　　C.separation　　D.examination

3.Theresearchers’conclusionwasbasedonastudyoftheAfricanelephant’s　　　.　

A.DNA　　　　B.height　　　　C.weight　　　　D.population

4.WhatareAlfredRoca’swordsmainlyabout?

A.TheconservationofAfricanelephants.

B.ThepurposeofstudyingAfricanelephants.

C.ThewaytodivideAfricanelephantsintotwounits.

D.ThereasonforthedistinctionofAfricanelephants.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Naturalists’BeliefsaboutElephants

B.AmazingExperimentsaboutElephants

C.AnUnexpectedFindingaboutElephants

D.ALongScientificDebateaboutElephants

参考答案1-5DCAAC

较难题目特训：

节能环保类

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

TheGoldmanEnvironmentalFoundationrecentlyrecognizedagroupofindividuals（个体）fortheireffortstoprotecttheenvironment.Eachyear,theAmerican-basedgrouphonorsenvironmentalactivistsfromsixdifferentareas.

Thefirstthreewinnersofthe2012GoldmanPrizearefromKenya,thePhilippinesandChina.

TheGoldmanEnvironmentalFoundationsaysIkalAngeleiisaherotothosewholivearoundLakeTurkana.TheKenyanwomanreceivedtheawardbecauseofhereffortstostopadamprojectonariverinEthiopia.Criticssaythedamwillharmthelakeandrestrict（限制）theflowofwaterforpeoplewholivenearby.

ThePhilippineislandofMindoroishometothosewhodependonthearea’snaturalresourcesforfoodandjobs.EdwinGariguezbecameconcernedwhenaEuropeancompanyannouncedplanstominefornickel（镍）ontheisland.TheRomanCatholicministersaidwastematerialsfromtheminingprojectwouldpollutethewateranddestroytheforests.Sohestartedacampaigntostoptheproject.

InChina,MaJuneisworkingwithbusinessestocleanuptheirpollution.Heformedagroupthatcollectsinformationaboutpollution,andpublishesitontheInternet.

TheGoldmanPrizewasalsoawardedtoactivistsfromArgentina,RussiaandtheUnitedStates.

SofiaGaticaofArgentinaisfromatownwherefarmerscommonlyusepesticide（杀虫剂）productstoprotectsoybeancropsfrominsects.Thetownalsohasahighrateofcancer.SofiaGaticabelie

vedthatpesticideusewasresponsibleforthedeathofherbaby.Sheworkedwithothermotherstogetgovernmentofficialstobantheuseofchemicalsnearpopulatedareas.

EvgeniaChirikovaobjectstotheplanstobuildaroadthroughaprotectedforestjustoutsideMoscow.ShehasdemandedthatRussianofficialsredirectth

eroadawayfromtheforest.Sheandherfollowershavebeenarrestedfortheiractivities.However,theircampaignhasgainedwidespreadpublicsupport.

ThesixthwinnerisAmericanCarolineCannon—acommunityleaderinPointHope,Alaska.MizCannonisfightingtokeepArcticwaterssafefromoilandgasexp

loration.

1.Wecanknowfromthepassagethat______.

A.thedamprojecthasbeenprevented

B.thefirstthreeactivistsareallfromAsia

C.aEuropeancompanyisgoingtodigfornickel

D.MaJuneistryingtostopoilandgasexploration

2.Fromthe7thparagraph,wecanknowthat______.

A.pesticideuseaccountsforahigh-rateofcancer

B.Sofiamanagedtobantheuseofchemicals

C.thefarmersmainlyliveonunpollutedproducts

D.thedeathofthebabywasduetodelayedtreatment

3.WhatdoweknowaboutEvgeniaChirikova？

A.Sheplanstobuildaroadtoprotecttheforest.

B.Sheisinchargeofaprojectfarawayfromtheroad.

C.Shepersuadedthegovernmenttosetherfollowersfree.

D.Herenvironmentalactionhasbeenwidelyacknowledged.

4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.SixAdvancedIndividualsforHardWork

B.EffortstoCreateaCleanandBeautifulWorld

C.SixEnvironmentalActivistsWinGoldmanPrize

D.TheGoldmanEnvironmentalFoundationPrize

【参考答案】1—4、CADC　

较难题目特训：

节能环保类

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

SCSGlobalServices（SCS）hasevaluatedanewmethodologyformeasuringthecarbonsequestration（封存）abilityofsoilundertheVerified（验证）CarbonStandard（VCS）,aleadinggreenhousegas（GHG）accountingsystem.Themethodology,developedbyTheEarthPartners,willallowlandmanagerswhosequesterGHGsingrasslandsandfarmlandstoproducecarboncreditsforsaleinthevoluntarymarket.

Managersofgrasslandsandfarmlandscanincreasecarbonsequestrationinsoilbypracticessuchaschanginggrazing（放牧）practicesandoperatingtreatmentsdesignedtoimprovethe

varietyandproductivityofplantgroups.TheEarthPartnersispresentlypilotingthismethodologywithfarmersacrosssevenmillionacresofthePalouseRiverandColumbiaPlateauregionsinthePacificNorthwest.

“TheVCSp

rogramhasachievedanimportantmilestoneinnowcombininggrasslandandrangelandcarbonoffset（抵消，补偿）projects,"saidDr.RobertJ.Hrubes,ExecutiveVicePresidentofSCS."SCSlooksforwardtoapprovingandverifyingagriculturalcarbonoffsetprojectsthatusethisverypowerfulnewmethodology."

TheVM0021SoilCarbonQuantificationMethodologyisbasedondecadesofsoilcarbonresearchandtestingconductedbytopsoilscientists.ThemethodologywasdevelopedbyTheEarthPartnersandverifiedbyEnvironmentalServices,Inc.aswellasSCSGlobalServices.ItisthefirstsoilcarbonmethodologytobeapprovedforuseundertheVCS.

"Thiswidelytestedmethodologyisthefirsttospeciallydealwithsoilsinamarket,"saidStevenI.Apfelbaum,ChairmanofAppliedEcologicalServices,Inc.andDirectorofSciencewithTheEarthPartners.AccordingtoApfelbaum,soilsrepresentthesecondlargestlivingsinkofcarbonontheplanet.

1.Thenewmethodologyisassessedaccordingto　　　　　.

A.TheEarthPartners　　　　B.theVerifiedCarbonStandard

C.EnvironmentalServices,Inc.　D.AppliedEcologicalServices,Inc.

2.Carbonsequestrationinsoilcanbestrengthenedby　　　　　.

A.sellingcarboncreditsinthevoluntarymarket

B.changinggrazingpracticesandoperatingtreatments

C.reducingthevarietyandproductivityofplantgroups

D.decreasingfarmlandsinthePacificNorthwest

3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.TheVCSprogramprovestobesuccessfulincarbonoffsetprojects.

B.ManysoilCarbonMethodologieshavealreadybeenapprovedforuse.

C.Thenewmethodologyhasbeentestedinmanyfieldsincludingsoil.

D.Soilsseemtobethelargestlivingsinkofcarbonontheplanet.

4.WhatistheattitudeofSCStowardsthenewmethodology?

A.Opposed.　　　　B.Cautious.　　　　C.Doubtful.　　　　D.Approving.

【参考答案】1—4、BBAD　　

阅读理解

Somalipirates（海盗）robbedthreeThaifishingshipswith77sailorsonboardnearlyl，200MilesofftheSomalicoast，thefarthest-off-shoreattacktodate，anofficersaidTuesday.

Pirateshavegonefarthersouthandeastinanswertoincreasedpatrols（巡逻）bywarshipsofftheSomalishore.TherobbingofthethreeshipsSundaywasabout600milesoutsidethenormaloperationareafortheinternationalforce，saidaspokesman．

Thespokesmansaidtheattacksofaroutatseawasaclearsignthattheinternationalpatrolsagainstpirateswerehavinga“markedeffectonpirateactivityinthearea”.

“Oncetheystartattackingthatfarout，you’renotevenreallytalkingabouttheSomaliba