Unit 9.docx
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Unit 9.docx
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Unit9
Unit9
Question
1.WhyisMarkTwainoneofAmerica'sbest-lovedauthors?
BecausehisliteraryworksliketwonovelsaboutHuckFinnandTomSawyerarewelcomedbyAmericans,whoexpectedhimasadventurous,patriotic,romantic,andhumorous,
2.GiveabriefaccountofMarkTwain'sexperiencebeforehebecameawriter.
Heworkedasatrampprinter,riverpilot,Confederateguerrilla,prospector,andreporterbeforehebecameawriter.
3.Whydidtheauthoradopt"MarkTwain"ashispenname?
Headoptedhispennamefromthecryheardonthesteamboat,signalingtwofathomsofwater.
4.WhendidMarkTwainbecomeapilotonasteamboat?
Howlongdidhestaythere?
Whatdidhelearnthere?
Whateffectdidthisexperiencehaveonhiswriting?
Hebecomeapilotonasteamboatin1857andstaythereforfourandahalfyears.Helearnedalotabouthumannatureandgainedakeenperceptionofthehumanracethere,whichimmenselyenrichedhiswriting.
5.WhydidMarkTwainleavetherivercountry?
Whatdidhedothen?
Becausethedevelopmentofrailroad,rendereddemandforsteamboatpilotsandthebreakoutoftheCivilWar.ThenhebecameaConfederateguerrilla.
6.Whatstorydidhewritethatmadehimknownas"thewildhumoristofthePacificslope"?
"ThecelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCounty."
7.Whydidthebook,theInnocentAbroad,becomeaninstantbest-seller?
BecauseitwasabookcenteredonsatirizingEuropeandtheHolyLand,arousinggreatinterestamongAmericans.
8.WhyisTomSawyerassuretobestudiedinAmericanschoolstodayasistheDeclarationofIndependence?
BecauseitisaclassicalstoryofAmericanboyhoodaboutTom'snaughtydaring,ingenuity,andthelovelyinnocenceofhisemotionforBeckyThatcher.
9.WhydidMarkTwainbecomebitterlateinlife?
Becausepersonaltragediesmadehimbecomebitterinthelaterlife.
Paraphrase
1.amanwhobecameobsessedwiththefrailtiesofthehumanrace.
amanwhobecameconstantlypreoccupiedbythemoraldisadvantageofmankind.
2.MarkTwaindigestedthenewAmericanexperiencebeforesharingitwiththeworldaswriterandlecturer.
MarkTwainfirstobservedandabsorbedthenewAmericanexperience,andthenmadeitwidelyknowntotheworldinhisbooks.
3.Thecastofcharacterssetbeforehiminhisnewprofessionwasrichandvaried--acosmos.
Inhisnewcareerhecouldmeetallkindsofpeople
4.Brokeanddiscouraged,heacceptedajobasreporterwiththeVirginiaCityTerritorialEnterprise…
Withnomoneyandalowfeeling,heacceptedajobasreporterwithTerritorialEnterpriseinVirginiaCity
5.MarkTwainbegandigginghiswaytoregionalfameasanewspaperreporterandhumorist.
MarkTwainbeganworkingdiligentlytobecomeknownlocallyasanewspaperreporterandhumorist.
6."andwhensheprojectsanewsurprise,thegraveworldsmilesasusual,andsays'Well,thatisCaliforniaallover'"
"andwhenCaliforniadeterminedtomakeanewsurprise,thesolemnpeopleinotherstatesofAmericasmileasusual,makingacomment'that'stypicalofCalifornia.'"
7.Bitternessfedonthemanwhohadmadetheworldlaugh.
Themanwhomadetheworldsmilewashimselfconsumedbypain.
Translate
1.对贫困的担忧使她忧心重重。
Hewasobsessedwithanxietiesofpoverty.
2.洞庭湖盛产鱼虾。
DongtingLaketeemswithfishandshrimps.
3.汤姆的聪明丝毫不亚于班上第一名的学生。
InclassTomwaseverybitwiseasthetopboy.
4.我认识他,但我们说不上是朋友。
Igotacquaintedwithhim,butwewerenotfriends.
5.在压力下,他别无办法,只好离职。
Understress,hehadnootherchoicebutquitoffice.
6.最后他被她说服了,决定改变原计划。
Intheendhesuccumbedtoherpersuasionanddecidedtochangehisoriginalplan.
7.那时许多儿童死于天花。
Manychildrensuccumbedtosmallpoxthen
8.他发现船舱里进了很多水,十分惊恐。
Muchtohishorror,hefoundthecabinflooded.
9.孩子们考试成绩优异,家长和老师都很满意。
Thekidsdidextremelywellintheirexam,tothegreatsatisfactionofbothparentsandteachers.
10.彼得的特点正是如此。
That'sPeter'spersonalitiesallover.
11.直到半夜医生才做完手术。
Notuntilmidnightdidthesurgeonfinishtheoperation.
12.历史课使我对古代文明有所了解。
Thehistorycoursehasacquaintedmewithancientcivilization.
13.老作家根据这个民间故事写成了一个电影剧本。
Theoldwritershapedthefolktaleintoafilmscenario
14.新上演的那出话剧充分表现了中国人民大无畏的革命精神。
ThedauntlessrevolutionaryspiritoftheChinesepeoplefindsfullexpressioninthenewplay.
Unit10
Question
1.Howmuchdoyouknowabouttheauthorfromthisarticle?
WhenhewasateacheratasecondaryschoolinalittletownDaytonwhichisinthemountainsofTennesseeinthe1920s,hewaschargedwithteachingevolutionandhadtobepresentinthecourt.Thetrial,however,rockedtheworld,Afterthat,hestudiedatUniversityofChicagoandlaterbecameageologistforanoilcompany.
2.Whatdoyouthinkofthestrugglesbetweenfundamentalistsandmodernists?
Whatdidthatshow?
Infact,thestrugglesbetweenfundamentalistsandmodernistswerestrugglesbetweenignoranceandwisdomreligionandscience,whichshowedthespreadofscienceandtruth.
3.Whywassomuchattentionpaidtothistrialinanout-of-the-waysmalltownintheU.S.?
Becausetheresultwouldinfluencethewholecountry,eventheworld.
4.TrytoelaboratetheviewofDarrowandMaloneandthatofBryan's.
DarrowandMalonebelievedthatEvolutionTheorycouldco-existwiththeBibleanditwasacceptableforaChristiantobeanevolutionist,andtheBibleshouldbeprotectedandacceptedliterally.Bryandidnotthinkso.
5.WhathaveyoulearnedaboutthelawandlegalproceduresintheU.S.?
Doyouthinkthemsensible?
Beginningwithprayerthetrialshowedtheconnectionofthereligionwiththelaw.Among12jurorsthreeofthemhadneverreadanybookexcepttheBible.Thatshowedthatthereligionandignoranceplayasignificantroleinthelaw.Accordingtothefact,thelawandlegalproceduresinAmericaasthattimewerenotsensible.
6.DidJohnScopesloseorwinthecase?
AlthoughJohnScopeslostthecaseinthecourt,hewoninarealsense.
7.WhathaveyoulearnabouttheBible?
TheBibleshouldnotbetakenliterally.Infact,thereissomethinginconsistent.Itcanbeacceptedasareligiousbookwhichshouldnotbedefinedaslawandtruth.
8.Whatdoyouthinkisthemessageofthisarticle?
ThisarticleisintendedtodrawtheattentionofthewholeworldtotheEvolutionTheoryandpersuadepeopletorespectscience.
Paraphrase
1.we'llshowthemafewtricks.
Wehavesomesmartandunexpectedmeasureswhichwillsurprisealloftheminthetrial.
2.Thecasehaderuptedroundmyhead……
Thecasehadbefallenmeunexpectedlyandstrongly.
3.ThefundamentalistsadheredtodliteralinterpretationoftheOldTestament.
ThefundamentalistsinsistedonwhatissaidintheBible.
4.thatallanimallife……Hadevolvedfromacommonancestor.
Thatallanimallifehaddevelopedstepbyfromacommonoriginalorganism.
5."Let'stakethisthingtocourtandtestthelegalityofit."
Let'saccuseScopesofteachingevolutionandletthecourtdecideifheisbreakingthelawornot.
6.Peoplefromthesurroundinghills,mostlyfundamentalists,arrivedtocheerBryanagainstthe"infideloutsiders."
Peoplefromtheneighbormountains,mostlyfundamentalists,cametosustainBryanagainstthoseprofessors,scientists,andlawyerswhocamefrombigcitiesinthenorthandwerenotfundamentalists.
7.Asmyfathergrowled,"That'sonehellofajury!
"
"That'snojuryatall",myfathergrumbledwrathfully.
8.Heisherebecauseignoranceandbigotryarerampant.
Heisherebecauseignoranceandprejudiceareunbridledandwidespread.
9.Spectatorspaidtogazeatitandponderwhethertheymightberelated.
Peoplehadnopayinordertoseetheapeandreflectattentivelywhetherapesandpeoplecouldhavethesameancestry.
10.andthecrowdpunctuatedhisdefiantreplieswithfervent"Amens".
andthecrowdeagerlyinterruptedhisincompliantanswerswithfervent"Amens".
Translate
1.当时形而上学十分猖獗。
Atthattimemetaphysicswasrampant.
2.我没有预料到会卷入这场争端。
IdidnotexpectthatIwouldgetinvolvedinthisdispute.
3.如果你想学到一些东西,就应该自己参加到这项工作中去。
Ifyouwanttolearnsomething,youshouldinvolveyourselfinthework.
4.陪审团裁决他有罪,法官判了他三年徒刑。
Thejurybroughtinaverdictofguiltyandthejudgesentencedhimtothreeyear'simprisonment.
5.虽然种族隔离是违法的,但种族歧视在美国仍然以不同形式存在着。
TherearevariousracialdiscriminationinAmericathoughracialsegregationisagainstthelaw.
6.他认为这两个观点是可以一致起来的。
Hethinksthatwecanreconcilethetwoideas.
7.他好像也就接受这个主意了。
Heseemedreconciledtotheview.
8.观众对被告充满了同情。
Thespectators'heartswentouttothedefendant.
9.当时伦敦的报纸认为纳粹德国即将垮台。
TheLondonpapersdemonstratedtheideathatthecollapseofNaziGermanywasathand.
10.他估计手头的侦查员只有三至五人。
Heestimatedthenumberofscoutsonhandasrangingfromthreetofive.
11.合同签订不久,工程就开始进行了。
Afterthesigningofthecontract,theprojectgotunderwaysoon.
Unit11
Question
1.WhatcriticalviewsdidthepopularpressexpressonthepublicationofWebster'sThirdNewInternationalDictionary?
TheAtlanticvieweditasa"disappointment",a"shock",a"calamity","ascandalanddiaster".TheNewYorkTimesaiditwouldacceleratethedeteriorationofthelanguage.TheJournaloftheAmericanBarAssociationsawthepublicationoftheworkas"deplorable","aflagrantexampleoflexicographicirresponsibility","aseriousblowtothecauseofgoodEnglish".Lifecalledit"anon-worddeluge","monstrous","abominable","acausefordismay".
2.Howmucheffortandmoneywasspentonthemakingofthisdictionary?
300scholarsspent27yearsonitwhichcosttotally$3.5million.
3.Whatnewsciencecameintobeingbetweentheappearanceofthetwoeditionsofthedictionary?
Whataresomeofthefeaturesofthisnewscience?
Thescienceofdescriptivelinguisti
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