航海词汇英文.docx
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航海词汇英文.docx
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航海词汇英文
A
Actualdepth;thetruedepthofwaterasopposedtoapredicteddepth、Tidalheightfromtableaddedtothecharteddepth、
Almanac;anannualpublicationcontainingTideTablesastronomicalephemeralsetc、
Altitude;theangulardistanceofacelestialbodyabovetheviewershorizon、
AnabaticWinds;causedbywarmairrisingupaslopetobereplacedbycoolerair,asopposedtokabatic,descendingwinds、
Apparentwind;thewindasfeltonboard,thiswillbetheactualwindmodifiedbythewindcreatedbythevesselsmovement、
Aries;theconstellationoftheRamintheNorthernCelestialHemisphere,seealso,FirstPointofAries、
Astrolabe;aninstrumentusedtodeterminethealtitudeofcelestialobjectsbeforetheintroductionofthesextant、ThefirstrecordedusebyGreekastronomersinaround200B、C、
Azimuth;thehorizontalangulardistancefromareferencepositiontoacelestialbody,usuallymeasuredclockwiseindegreesfromthedirectionofthenearestpole、
BNavigationTerms、
Barometer;aninstrumentformeasuringatmosphericpressure、
BarometricGradient;therateatwhichatmosphericpressurerisesoffalls、
BarsHarborBar、
Beacon;anunlitnavigationmark、
Bearing;thecompassreadingtakenofaobjectinrelationtotheobserver、
BeaufortScale;anumericalmethodofdescribingwindstrength、
Body;acelestialobject、
BuoyageMarksandSystems;
CNavigationTerms、
Cape;apieceoflandthatthatprojectsoutintoalargebodyofwater、
CardinalMarks;buoyagemarksindicatingthedirectionofsafewaterwithreferencetothecardinalpoints、
CardinalPoints;thefourmainpointsofthecompass,North,East,SouthandWest、
Cartography;thestudyandtheconstructionofmaps、
Cartographer;amapmaker、
CCorCompassCourse;thecoursetosteerwhichhasbeencorrectedforcurrent,variation,anddeviation、
Celestialnavigation;amethodofnavigatingbyreferringtothestarsorotherobjectsinthesky、
Celestialsphere;animaginaryspherewiththeearthatitscenter,onwhosesurfacethestars,planetsandotherheavenlybodiesappeartobesituated、
Characteristics;thedistinctivepatternofflashesusedtoidentifyalight、
Chartdatum;thereferencelevelonchartstowhichtidalheightsarereferred、
Charteddepth;thedepthshownonthechartforaparticularpointontheseabed、
Chronometer;averyaccurateclockorwatchthatisusedfordeterminingone'slongitudeatsea
Circumnavigate;totravelaroundtheentireEarth、
Civiltwilight;timesgiveninthealmanac,forlistedlatitudesforapproximatelythebesttimetotakeamorningoreveningsight,whenboththehorizonandtheheavenlybodiesarevisible、
CMG;theCourseMadeGoodisthecourseovertheground、
Cockedhat;atriangleformedbyaseriesofthreeLOPswhichdonotmeetatanexactpoint、
COLREGS;theinternationalrulesforpreventofcollisionsatsea、
Compass;adevicethatalwayspointstowardsmagneticnorth,usedfornavigation、
CompassRose;isadesignonachartthatshowsdirection、Itpointswhichwayisnorth,south,east,west,andsomeintermediatedirections、
Constellations;Stargroups、
Conversiontables;usedtoconvertunitsofonesystemtounitsinanother、
Copernicus;1473-1543,PolishastronomercreditedwithdisprovingthePtolemaicSystem、
Course;thedirectioninwhichavesselisheadingorisintendedtobesteered,thedirectionthroughthewater、
Coursemadegood;thedirectioninwhichthevesselisactuallytravelingasopposedtothedirectioninwhichitispointing、Corrections;alterationsmadetochartstoupdatenavigationalinformation、
Crossbearing;usingLOPsfromseveralnavigationalaidsormarkstoobtainapositionfix、
Crux;theSouthernCrossaconstellationseeninthesouthernhemisphere、
DNavigationTerms、
Deadreckoning;determiningapositionbyplottingcoursesandspeedsfromaknownposition、
Declination;theangulardistancetoapointonthecelestialspheremeasurednorthandsouthfromthecelestialequatoralongthehourcircle、
Deviation;thecompasserrorscausedbymetallicomagneticobjectsonboardthevessel、
Dip;acorrectiontobeappliedtosextantattitudestocompensateforheightofeyeabovesealevel、
Doldrums;theInter-tropicalConvergenceZone(orITCZ)abeltofverystillairbetween5degreesnorthand5degreessouthoftheequator、
Drift;thespeedinknotsoftheeffectofcurrentortideonavessel'sprogress、
Dryingheight;theheightabovechartdatum,onachart,ofanyareaswhichareuncoveredatlowwater、
Durationoftide;thetimebetweenhighanlowwater,normallyjustover6hours、
ENavigationTerms、
Ebb;out-flowingtide、
ElectroniclogsorElogbooks;amethodofstandardisingthekeepingoflogsdigitallyoncommercialvessels、
Electroniccharts;therearetwodifferenttypesseeVectorchartsandRastermarinecharts、
ENT;,EveningNauticalTwilight、
EP;EstimatedPosition,theDRplustheeffectsofcurrent、
Ephemerals;apublishedcollectionoftablesgivingcoordinatesforastronomicalbodiesforspecifictimes、
EstimatedPosition;aDRpositionwhichhasbeenadjustedtoallowforSetandDrift、
ETA;estimatedtimeofarrival、
Equator;animaginarycirclearoundtheearth,halfwaybetweenthenorthandsouthpoles、
FNavigationTerms、
Fathom;anoldfashionedunitofmeasurementtomeasuredepth,approximatelyequalto6feetor1、8meters、
Flood;incomingtide、
FirstPointofAries;apointonthecelestialspherewhichisusedasareferencepoint,itisinfactwherethe‘Ecliptic’andtheCelestialEquatorcross、
Fix;apositionverifiedbyreferencetobearingstakeoffaknownpointsuchasaconspicuouslandmark、
Flotsam;thefloatingdebrisresultingfromashipwreck、
ForecastingTerms;usedtoconveyspecific,concise,informationonweatherconditions、
GNavigationTerms、
GatesTidal、
GeographicalPositionorGP;incelestialnavigationitisthepointontheearthssurfacedirectlybeneaththeZenith,andthebitofthesurfaceyouarestandingonisyourbody’sGeographicalPositionorGP、
GHA,GreenwichHourAngle;themeasurementofaposition,indegrees,westwardfromtheGreenwichmeridian、Readmore
GMT,GreenwichMeanTime;nowreferredtoasUTC,CoordinatedUniversalTime,orUT,itisthemeanofthetimesofnoonattheGreenwichMeridian、
GPS,GlobalPositioningSystem;asystemwhichusesinformationbroadcastfromorbitingsatellitestocalculatethelongitudeandlatitudeofareceivingdevice、
Greenwichmeridian;thePrimeMeridianitisthe0°longitudeline,itisreferredtoastheGreenwichMeridianbecauseitpassesthroughtheRoyalObservatoryatGreenwichintheUK、
Gyrocompass;anonmagnetictypeofcompass、
HNavigationTerms、
HarborBars
Handheld,Compass;asmallportablecompass、
Heading;thedirectioninwhichavesselispointing,asopposedtothecoursemadegood、
HE,HeightofEye;theheightofasextantuser’seyeabovesealevel,neededtoaddasacorrectiontoasitereduction、
Heightoftide;afiguretakenfromthetidetablesindicatingthedepthofwaterabovethechartdatum、
Horizon;theapparentline,foranobserverwheretheearth’ssurfaceandtheskymeet、AlsoacircleformedonthecelestialspherebyaplanetangenttoapointontheEarth'ssurface、
HorizonGlass;orHorizonMirrorhalfclearglasshalfmirror,onasextantitallowstheobservertoviewthehorizonatthesametimeasareflectionofwhateverisshowingintheIndexMirror、Readmore:
HorseLatitudes;SeeDoldrumsandITCZ、
INavigationTerms、
internationallyrecognisedsystemsofbuoyage
Indexmirror;themirrorattheapexofasextantframewhichpivotswiththeindexarm、
Intercept;wheretwoormorelinessuchasLOPscross、
InternationalDateLine;theimaginarylineinthePacificOceanatwhichthedatechanges、Thislinevariesfromthe180⁰meridiantoavoidpopulatedlandareas、
Internationalmarinesignalflags;asystemofflagshapesanddesignesusedtocommunicatemessagesatsea、
InterpolationTables;almanactablestoestimatevaluebetweenthetabulatedresults、
ITCZ,IntertropicalConvergenceZone;thevaryingareaofnormallystillairlyingapproximatelybetween5⁰northandsouthoftheequator、
IsolatedDangerMark;buoyagemarksindicatingahazard,asuchasawreckdirectlybelowthemark,
Jnavigationterms、
Jetsam;areobjectsthathavebeenthrownoverboardfromavessel,originallystuffjettisonedbyashipwhichwasintrouble、
Knavigationterms、
Knot,(Kts、);aunitofspeed,nauticalmilesperhour、
Lnavigationterms、
Landfall;theapproachtoorsightingoflandafteranoceanpassage、
LateralMarks;buoyageindicatingtheedgeofasafewaterchannel、
Latitude;theangulardistancenorthorsouthfromtheequatorontheearthsurface、
LeadinglightsorRangeLights;apairoflightsdeliberatelyplacedtoprovideatransitalonganarrowchannel、
LeadingorRangemarks;transitmarkers、
Leeway;sidewaysmovementofavesselusuallycausedbythewind、
Limb;whentakingasunormoonsightitisdifficulttoguesswherethecenterissotheobserveralignseitherthetopedge(UpperLimb)ormoreusuallythebottomedge(LowerLimb)oftheobjectontothehorizon、Thesightisthencorrectedusingtheappropriatecorrectiontables、
LineOfPosition,LOP;alinedrawnonachartonwhichthepositionofthevesselmustlie、Thelinededucedfromeitheracompassbearingofamarkorasightreduction、Aminimumoftwoorpreferablymorearenecessarytoestablishafix、
LocalNoon;thetimewhenthesunreachesitshighestaltitudeatyourpositionandisdirectlynorthorsouthofyou、itwillthenbeatyourZenithanditsGHAwillcorrespondtoyourlongitude、
Localtime;solartimeatyo
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