20xx年英语六级考试模拟题及答案5套.docx
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20xx年英语六级考试模拟题及答案5套.docx
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20xx年英语六级考试模拟题及答案5套
20xx年12月英语六级考试模拟题及答案5套
Directions:
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledTheCivilServantTestCraze.Youressayshouldstartwithabriefdescriptionofthepicture.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.
1.如今数字化产品得到越来越广泛的使用,例如……
2.数字化产品的使用对人们的工作、学习、生活产生的影响。
DigitalAge
Womenin2011madenosignificantgainsinwinningmoretopUSbusinessjobs,accordingtoastudy,buttheheadofthestudysaidwomenarepoisedtomake36intheyearahead.
Thenumberofwomenwhowereboarddirectors,corporateofficersortopearnersatFortune500companiesremained37unchanged,saidthestudybyCatalyst,anonprofitgroupthat38opportunitiesforwomeninbusiness.
Thepercentageofcompanieswithwomenontheboardofdirectorswas15.1percentthisyear,comparedwith14.8percentin2010,Catalystsaid.
Also,thepercentageofcorporateofficerpositions39bywomenwas15.7percentin2011and15.4percentin2010,itsaid.Thepercentageoftopearnersin2011whowerewomenwas6.2percent,comparedto6.7percentin2010,itsaid.
TheresearchontheFortune500companieswas40ondataasofMarch31,2011.Theslightchangesinthenumbersarenotconsidered41significant,Catalystsaid.
Nevertheless,giventhechangesinU.S.politics,thefutureforwomeninbusinesslooksmore42,saidIleneLang,presidentandchiefexecutive43ofCatalyst.
"Overallwe're44toseechangenextyear,"Langsaid."Whenwelookatshareholders,decisionmakers,thegeneralpublic,they'relookingforchange."
"Whatthey'rebasicallysayingis,'Don'tgiveus45ofthestatusquo(现状).Getnewideasinthere,getsomefreshfaces,'"shesaid.
A.officer B.changes C.based D.positions E.more F.promising G.businesslike H.surveying I.essentially J.strides K.promotes L.statistically M.confused N.held O.expecting
HowMarketersTargetKids
A.Kidsrepresentanimportantdemographictomarketersbecausetheyhavetheirownpurchasingpower,theyinfluencetheirparents'buyingdecisionsandtheyaretheadultconsumersofthefuture.Industryspendingonadvertisingtochildrenhasexplodedinthepastdecade,increasingfromamere$100millidnin1990tomorethan$2billionin2000.
B.Parentstodayarewillingtobuymorefortheirkidsbecausetrendssuchassmallerfamilysize,dualincomesandpostponingchildrenuntillaterinlifemeanthatfamilieshavemoredisposableincome.Aswell,guiltcanplayaroleinspendingdecisionsastime-stressedparentssubstitutematerialgoodsfortimespentwiththeirkids.Herearesomeofthestrategiesmarketersemploytotargetkids:
Pester(纠缠)Power
C.Today'skidshavemoreautonomyanddecision-makingpowerwithinthefamilythaninpreviousgenerations,soitfollowsthatkidsarevocalaboutwhattheywanttheirparentstobuy."Pesterpower"referstochildren'sabilitytonagtheirparentsintopurchasingitemstheymaynototherwisebuy.Marketingtochildrenisallaboutcreatingpesterpower,becauseadvertisersknowwhatapowerfulforceitcanbe.
D.Accordingtothe2001marketingindustrybookKidfluence,pesteringornaggingcanbedividedintotwocategories--"persistence"and"importance".Persistencenagging(aplea,thatisrepeatedoverandoveragain)isnotaseffectiveasthemoresophisticated"importancenagging".Thislattermethodappealstoparents'desiretoprovidethebestfortheirchildren,andplaysonanyguilttheymayhaveaboutnothavingenoughtimefortheirkids.
TheMarriageofPsychologyandMarketing
E.Toeffectivelymarkettochildren,advertisersneedtoknowwhatmakeskidstick.Withthehelpofwell-paidresearchersandpsychologists,advertisersnowhaveaccesstoin-depthknowledgeaboutchildren'sdevelopmental,emotionalandsocialneedsatdifferentages.Usingresearchthatanalyzeschildren'sbehaviour,fantasylives,artwork,eventheirdreams,companiesareabletocraftsophisticatedmarketingstrategiestoreachyoungpeople.
F.Theissueofusingchildpsychologiststohelpmarketerstargetkidsgainedwidespreadpublicattentionin1999,whenagroupofU.S.mentalhealthprofessionalsissuedapubliclettertotheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation(APA)urgingthemtodeclarethepracticeunethical.TheAPAiscurrentlystudyingtheissue.
BuildingBrandNameLoyalty
G.CanadianauthorNaomiKleintracksthebirthof"brand"marketinginher2000bookNoLogo.AccordingtoKlein,themid-1980ssawthebirthofanewkindofcorporation--Nike,CalvinKlein,TommyHilfiger,tonameafew--whichchangedtheirprimarycorporatefocusfromproducingproductstocreatinganimagefortheirbrandname.Bymovingtheirmanufacturingoperationstocountrieswithcheaplabour,theyfreedupmoneytocreatetheirpowerfulmarketingmessages.Ithasbeenatremendouslyprofitableformula,andhasledtothecreationofsomeofthemostwealthyandpowerfulmulti-nationalcorporationstheworldhasseen.
H.Marketersplanttheseedsofbrandrecognitioninveryyoungchildren,inthehopesthattheseedswillgrowintolifetimerelationships.AccordingtotheCenterforaNewAmericanDream,babiesasyoungassixmonthsofagecanformmentalimagesofcorporatelogosandmascots.Brandloyaltiescanbeestablishedasearlyasagetwo,andbythetimechildrenheadofftoschoolmostcanrecognizehundredsofbrandlogos.Whilefastfood,toyandclothingcompanieshavebeencultivatingbrandrecognitioninchildrenforyears,adult-orientedbusinessessuchasbanksandautomakersarenowgettinginontheact.
BuzzorStreetMarketing
I.Thechallengeformarketersistocutthroughtheintenseadvertisingclutter(杂乱)inyoungpeople'slives.Manycompaniesareusing"buzzmarketing"--anewtwistonthetried-and-true"wordofmouth"method.Theideaistofindthecoolestkidsinacommunityandhavethemuseorwearyourproductinordertocreateabuzzaroundit.Buzz,or"streetmarketing",asit'salsocalled,canhelpacompanytosuccessfullyconnectwiththeelusive(难找的)teenmarketbyusingtrendsetterstogivethemproducts"cool"status.
J.Buzzmarketingisparticularlywell-suitedtotheInteract,whereyoung"Netpromoters"usechatroomsandblogstospreadthewordaboutmusic,clothesandotherproductsamongunsuspectingusers.
CommercializationinEducation
K.Schoolusedtobeaplacewherechildrenwereprotectedfromtheadvertisingandconsumermessagesthatpermeatedtheirworld--butnotanymore.Budgetshortfalls(亏空,差额)areforcingschoolboardstoallowcorporationsaccesstostudentsinexchangeforbadlyneededcash,computersandeducationalmaterials.
L.Corporationsrealizethepoweroftheschoolenvironmentforpromotingtheirnameandproducts.Aschoolsettingdeliversacaptiveyouthaudienceandimpliestheendorsementofteachersandtheeducationalsystem.Marketersareeagerlyexploitingthismediuminanumberofways,including:
1)sponsorededucationalmaterials;2)supplyingschoolswithtechnologyinexchangeforhighcompanyvisibility;3)advertisingpostedinclassrooms,schoolbuses,oncomputersinexchangeforfunds;4)contestsandincentiveprograms:
forexample,thePizzaHutreadingincentivesprograminwhichchildrenreceivecertificatesforfreepizzaiftheyachieveamonthlyreadinggoal;5)sponsoringschoolevents.
TheInternet
M.TheInternetisanextremelydesirablemediumformarketerswantingtotargetchildren.It'spartofyouthculture.ThisgenerationofyoungpeopleisgrowingupwiththeInteractasadailyandroutinepartoftheirlives.Kidsareoftenonlinealone,withoutparentalsupervision.Unlikebroadcastingmedia,whichhavecodesregardingadvertisingtokids,theInteractisunregulated.Sophisticatedtechnologiesmakeiteasytocollectinformationfromyoungpeopleformarketingresearch,andtotargetindividualchildrenwithpersonalizedadvertising.
MarketingAdultEntertainmenttoKids
N.Childrenareoftenawareofandwanttoseeentertainmentmeantforolderaudiencesbecauseitisactivelymarketedtothem.Inareportreleasedin2000,theU.S.FederalTradeCommission(FTC)revealedhowthemovie,musicandvideogamesindustriesroutinelymarketviolententertainmenttoyoungchildren.
O.TheFTCstudied44filmsrated"Restricted",anddiscoveredthat80percentweretargetedtochildrenunder
17.MarketingplansincludedTVcommercialsrunduringhourswhenyoungviewersweremostlikelytobewatching.TheFTCreportalsohighlightedthefactthattoysbasedoncharactersfrommatureentertainmentareoftenmarketedtoyoungchildren.Matureratedvideogamesareadvertisedinyouthmagazines;andtoysbasedon"Restricted"moviesandM-ratedvideogamesaremarketedtochildrenasyoungasfour.
Guiltcanaffectparents'spendingdecisionsbecausetheydon'thaveenoughtimefortheirkids.
47、TheCenterforaNewAmericanDreampointedoutthatbrandloyaltiescouldbeformedasearlyasagetwo.
48、Schoolboardsallowcorporationstoaccesstostudentsbecausetheyneedmoneyandeducationalmaterialsbadly.
49、TheFTCreporthighlightedthefactthattoysbasedoncharactersfrommatureentertainmentareoftenmarketedtoyoungchildren.
50、Forthisgenerationofyoungpeople,theInternetisadailyandroutinepartoftheirlives.
51、AccordingtoKidfluence,"persistencenagging"islesseffectivethanthemoresophisticated"importancenagging".
52、AccordingtoareportreleasedbytheU.S.FederalTradeCommission,themovie,musicandvideogamesindustriesusuallymarketviolententertainmenttoyoungchildren.
53、Buzzmarketingiswell-suitedtotheInternetbecaus
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