英语考研真题答案.docx
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英语考研真题答案.docx
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英语考研真题答案
2010年英语考研真题答案
【篇一:
2010年考研英语真题答案解析】
seofenglish
1.a
解析:
a项affect意思是“影响,感动”;b项achieve意思是“达成,完成”;c项extract意思是“提取,榨出”;d项restore是“恢复,重建”.这句话的意思是:
他们想通过实验探究车间照明是如何影响工人的生产率的,所以答案是a。
2.b
解析:
本题考查了固定短语endup的用法,endup意思是“最终成为?
?
”,end和其它三个介词的搭配都无此意,故选b。
3.c
解析:
本句的大意为:
研究最终总结为一个极具影响力的概念—“霍桑效应”,也正是实验所研究的行为改变了工人们的表现。
所以这里应选择c。
4.b
解析:
作者这里表达的意思是这个问题之所以引起大家的注意是因为工厂女工的行为令人费解。
四个选项中perplexing意为“令人费解的”,所以正确答案为b。
5.c
解析:
本句的含义是:
根据研究描述,当照明灯变亮或变暗时,工人的时产量就会提高。
四个选项中有描述含义的是c项accounts。
6.b
解析:
这句话的意思是:
实验中做什么并不重要。
donotmatter固定表达,故选b。
7.d
解析:
考查solongas短语,意思是“只有”,句子意思是:
只要有改变,生产率就会上升。
8.a
解析:
a项awareness意思是“意识”,b项expectation意为“期望”,c项sentiment意为“”观点,意见,d项illusion为“幻觉”,本句的大意是说:
工人知到自己本身是被研究对象-这一意识就足以改变他们的行为。
所以选a。
9.c
解析:
见第8题解析。
10.d
解析:
见第8题解析。
11.c
解析:
besubjectedto表示“服从于,与?
?
一致’,为固定短语。
12.a
解析:
contraryto表示“与?
相反“。
根据语境提示,空白处需要填写一个能表示转折意味的链接词。
13.a
解析:
只有evidence一词可与found呼应,表示“发现或找到证据”。
14.d
misleading“欺骗性,误导性的”,意思上来看,符合语境所表达的意思。
15.b
解析:
forexample与上句呼应,举例说明问题。
16.a
解析:
duly表示“准时地,在同一个时间地”,填入句中后意思表达更精确。
17.d
解析:
与前句dulyrose呼应,递进说明问题,故应选continue。
18.c
解析:
此句意思与上句相反,说明另一种情况,故应使用转折词but。
19.b
解析:
tendtodo“倾向于做某事”,说明一种常规的事实。
20.d
解析:
hit能与aplateau搭配,意为“到达高地,触及顶点”,句意才符合语境。
sectioniireadingcomprehension
parta
text1
21.现在此处写答案
解析:
22.
解析:
23.
解析:
24.
解析:
25.
解析:
text2
26.c
解析:
细节题。
题干问及商业专利方法在最近引起关注的原因是是什么,解答本题应定位二段首句并结合一段的主旨要义。
二段首句指出“国家最高专利法庭准备对商业方法专利进行缩减,这引起了了争议。
”一段主要提及在过去10年商业方法授予了成千上万的专利。
由此可见,选项c是对原文的同义置换故为正确答案。
27.b
解析:
推理判断题。
文章在二段提及bilskicase,在四段提及对bilskicase的结论性说明,在四段中针对bilskicase,联邦机构发表了不同寻常的法令,而四段末句提到该法令引起对“statestreetbankruling”的是否重新考虑,由此可知b为正确答案。
28.c
解析:
词汇短语题。
含有该词的句子起到承前启后作用,解答本题应结合二段主旨及三段because后的句意来解题,二段提及“国家最高专利法庭准备对商业方法专利进行缩减”,而三段提及introducedsuchpatents?
approvingapatent?
由此可知,宣称对商业方法的控制将会有巨大的态度转变,故c正确。
解析:
推论题。
结合倒数二段二句及末段首句可知b符合文意。
此题用排除法最为便利。
文章的最后两段未提到acd的内容。
而b项的内容符合“thattoomanypatentswerebeingupheld”,同时b选项的内容符合文章的中心。
30.d
解析:
主旨题。
文章首段提到“过去10年”,而二段首句转到“now”,文章的此脉络结构可知“aprevailingtread”可统领文意,此外文章二至四段,主要谈及联邦巡讲对“business-methodpatents”的立场变化,故d为正确答案。
31.b
解析:
细节题。
文章提到tippingpoint真本书描述社会流行风潮是由一小部分名人引起的,然而,笔锋一转在首段末又说“itdoesn’texplainhowideasactuallyspread”。
进而引出作者对名人传播想
theideaarosebecauseofthe4behaviorofthewomeninthehawthorneplant.accordingto5oftheexperiments,theirhourlyoutputrosewhenlightingwasincreased,butalsowhenitwasdimmed.itdidnot6whatwasdoneintheexperiment;7somethingwaschanged,productivityrose.a(n)8thattheywerebeingexperimenteduponseemedtobe9toalterworkersbehavior10itself.
afterseveraldecades,thesamedatawere11toeconometrictheanalysis.hawthorneexperimentshasanothersurprisestore12thedescriptionsonrecord,nosystematic13wasfoundthatlevelsofproductivitywererelatedtochangesinlighting.
itturnsoutthatpeculiarwayofconductingtheexperimentsmaybehaveletto14interpretationofwhathapped.15,lightingwasalwayschangedonasunday.whenworkstartedagainonmonday,output16rosecomparedwiththeprevioussaturdayand17toriseforthenextcouple
ofdays.18,acomparisonwithdataforweekswhentherewasnoexperimentationshowedthatoutputalwayswentuponmonday,workers19tobediligentforthefirstfewdaysoftheweekinanycase,before20aplateauandthenslackeningoff.thissuggeststhattheallegedhawthorneeffectishardtopindown.
1.[a]affected
2.[a]at
3.[a]truth[b]achieved[b]up[b]sight[c]extracted[d]restored[c]with[c]act[d]off[d]proof
4.[a]controversial[b]perplexing[c]mischievous[d]ambiguous
5.[a]requirements[b]explanations[c]accounts
6.[a]conclude[b]matter[d]assessments[c]indicate[d]work
7.[a]asfaras[b]forfearthat[c]incasethat[d]solongas
8.[a]awareness[b]expectation[c]sentiment[d]illusion
9.[a]suitable
10.[a]about
11.[a]compared[b]excessive[c]enough[b]for[b]shown[c]on[d]abundant[d]by[c]subjected[d]conveyed
12.[a]contraryto[b]consistentwith[c]parallelwith[d]peculiarto
13.[a]evidence[b]guidance[c]implication[d]source
14.[a]disputable[b]enlightening[c]reliable[d]misleading
15.[a]incontrast[b]forexample[c]inconsequence[d]asusual
16.[a]duly
17.[a]failed
20.[a]breaking[b]accidentally[c]unpredictably[d]suddenly[b]ceased[b]climbing[c]started[d]continued[c]surpassing[d]hitting
sectionii
parta
directions:
readingcomprehension
readthefollowingfourtexts.answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[a],[b],[c]or[d].markyouranswersonanswersheet1.(40points)
text1
ofallthechangesthathavetakenplaceinenglish-languagenewspapersduringthepastquarter-century,perhapsthemostfar-reachinghasbeentheinexorabledeclineinthescopeandseriousnessoftheirartscoverage.
itisdifficulttothepointofimpossibilityfortheaveragereaderundertheageoffortytoimagineatimewhenhigh-qualityartscriticismcouldbefoundinmostbig-citynewspapers.yetaconsiderablenumberofthemostsignificantcollectionsofcriticismpublishedinthe20thcenturyconsistedinlargepartofnewspaperreviews.toreadsuchbookstodayistomarvelatthefactthattheirlearnedcontentswereoncedeemedsuitableforpublicationingeneral-circulationdailies.
weareevenfartherremovedfromtheunfocusednewspaperreviews
thpublishedinenglandbetweentheturnofthe20centuryandtheeveof
worldwarii,atatimewhennewsprintwasdirt-cheapandstylishartscriticismwasconsideredanornamenttothepublicationsinwhichitappeared.inthosefar-offdays,itwastakenforgrantedthatthecriticsofmajorpaperswouldwriteindetailandatlengthabouttheeventstheycovered.theirswasaseriousbusiness,andeventhosereviewerswhoworetheirlearninglightly,likegeorgebernardshawandernestnewman,couldbetrustedtoknowwhattheywereabout.thesemenbelievedinjournalismasacalling,andwereproudtobepublishedinthedailypress.“sofewauthorshavebrainsenoughorliterarygiftenoughtokeeptheirownendupinjournalism,”newmanwrote,“thatiamtemptedtodefine‘journalism’as‘atermofcontemptappliedbywriterswhoarenotreadtowriterswhoare.’”
unfortunately,thesecriticsarevirtuallyforgotten.nevillecardus,whowroteforthemanchesterguardianfrom1917untilshortlybeforehisdeathin1975,isnowknownsolelyasawriterofessaysonthegameofcricket.duringhislifetime,though,hewasalsooneofengland’sforemostclassical-musiccritics,astylistsowidelyadmiredthathisautobiography(1947)becameabest-seller.hewasknightedin1967,thefirstmusiccritictobesohonored.yetonlyoneofhisbooksisnowin
print,andhisvastbodyofwritingsonmusicisunknownsavetospecialists.
isthereanychancethatcardus’scriticismwillenjoyarevival?
theprospectseemsremote.journalistictasteshadchangedlongbeforehisdeath,andpostmodernreadershavelittleusefortherichlyupholsteredvicwardianproseinwhichhespecialized.moreover,theamateurtraditioninmusiccriticismhasbeeninheadlongretreat.
21.itisindicatedinparagraphs1and2that
[a]artscriticismhasdisappearedfrombig-citynewspapers.
[b]english-languagenewspapersusedtocarrymoreartsreviews.
[c]high-qualitynewspapersretainalargebodyofreaders.
[d]youngreadersdoubtthesuitabilityofcriticismondailies.
22.newspaperreviewsinenglandbeforeworldwariiwerecharacterized
by
[a]freethemes.
[b]casualstyle.
[c]elaboratelayout.
[d]radicalviewpoints.
23.whichofthefollowingwouldshawandnewmanmostprobablyagreeon?
[a]itiswritersdutytofulfilljournalisticgoals.
[b]itiscontemptibleforwriterstobejournalists.
[c]writersarelikelytobetemptedintojournalism.
[d]notallwritersarecapableofjournalisticwriting.
24.whatcanbelearnedaboutcardusaccordingtothelasttwoparagraphs?
[a]hismusiccriticismmaynotappealtoreaderstoday.
[b]hisreputationasamusiccritichaslongbeenindispute.
[c]hisstylecaterslargelytomodernspecialists.
[d]hiswritingsfailtofollowtheamateurtradition.
25.whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
[a]newspapersofthegoodolddays
[b]thelosthorizoninnewspapers
[c]mournfuldeclineofjournalism
[d]prominentcriticsinmemory
text2
nowthenationstoppatentcourtappearscompletelyreadytoscalebackonbusiness-methodpatents,whichhavebeencontroversialeversincetheywerefirstauthorized10yearsago.inamovethathasintellectual-propertylawyersabuzztheu.s.courtofappealsforthefederalcircuitsaiditwoulduseaparticularcasetoconductabroadreviewofbusiness-methodpatents
.inrebilski,asthecaseisknown,isaverybigdeal,saysdennisd.crouchoftheuniversityofmissourischooloflaw.ithasthepotentialtoeliminateanentireclassofpatents.
curbsonbusiness-methodclaimswouldbeadramaticabout-face,becauseitwasthefederalcircuititselfthatintroducedsuchpatentswithis1998decisionintheso-calledstatestreetbankcase,approvingapatentonawayofpoolingmutual-fundassets.thatrulingproducedanexplosioninbusiness-methodpatentfilings,initiallybyemerginginternetcompaniestryingtostakeoutexclusiverightstospecifictypesofonlinetransactions.later,moveestablishedcompaniesracedtoaddsuchpatentstotheirfiles,ifonlyasadefensivemoveagainstrivalsthatmightbeatthemtothepunch.in2005,ibmnotedinacourtfilingthatithadbeenissuedmorethan300business-methodpatentsdespitethefactthatitquestionedthelegalbasisforgrantingthem.similarly,somewallstreetinvestmentfilms
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