高考英语 实战演练专题阅读理解101105.docx
- 文档编号:22994392
- 上传时间:2023-04-29
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:13
- 大小:45.46KB
高考英语 实战演练专题阅读理解101105.docx
《高考英语 实战演练专题阅读理解101105.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高考英语 实战演练专题阅读理解101105.docx(13页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
高考英语实战演练专题阅读理解101105
2012届高考英语实战演练专题阅读理解(101-105)《附详析》
(第101篇)
HowRoomDesignsAffectOurWorkandFeelings
Architectshavelonghadthefeelingthattheplacesweliveincanaffectourthoughts,feelingsandbehaviors.Butnowscientistsaregivingthisfeelinganempirical(经验的,实证的)basis.Theyarediscoveringhowtodesignspacesthatpromotecreativity,keeppeoplefocused,andleadtorelaxation.
Researchesshowthataspectsofthephysicalenvironmentcaninfluencecreativity.In2007,JoanMeyers-LevyattheUniversityofMinnesota,reportedthattheheightofaroom’sceilingaffectshowpeoplethink.Herresearchindicatesthathigherceilingsencouragepeopletothinkmorefreely,whichmayleadthemtomakemoreabstractconnections.Lowceilings,ontheotherhand,mayinspireamoredetailedoutlook.
Inadditiontoceilingheight,theviewaffordedbyabuildingmayinfluenceanoccupant’sabilitytoconcentrate.NancyWellsandhercolleaguesatCornellUniversityfoundintheirstudythatkidswhoexperiencedthegreatestincreaseingreennessasaresultofafamilymovemadethemostgainsonastandardtestofattention.
Usingnaturetoimprovefocusofattentionoughttopayoffacademically,anditseemstoaccordingtoastudyledbyC.KennethTanner,headoftheSchoolDesign&PlanningLaboratoryattheUniversityofGeorgia.Tannerandhisteamfoundthatstudentsinclassroomswithunblockedviewsofatleast50feetoutsidethewindowhadhigherscoresontestsofvocabulary,languageartsandmathsthandidstudentswhoseclassroomsprimarilyoverlookedroadsandparkinglots.
Recentstudyonroomlightingdesignsuggeststhatdim(暗淡的)lighthelpspeopletoloosenup.Ifthatistruegenerally,keepingthelightlowduringdinneroratpartiescouldincreaserelaxation.ResearchersofHarvardMedicalSchoolalsodiscoveredthatfurniturewithroundededgescouldhelpvisitorsrelax.
Sofarscientistshavefocusedmainlyonpublicbuildings.“Wehaveaverylimitednumberofstudies,sowe’re_almost_looking_at_the_problem_through_a_straw_(吸管),”architectDavidAllisonsays.“Howdoyoutakeanswerstoveryspecificquestionsandmakebroad,generalizeduseofthem?
That’swhatwe’reallstrugglingwith.”
[语篇解读] 建筑师认为房子的设计可影响居住者的思想、情绪、行为,对此科学家进行了理论上的论证。
1.WhatdoesJoanMeyers-Levyfocusoninherresearch?
A.Light.B.Ceilings.
C.Windows.D.Furniture.
[解析] 事实细节题。
由第二段“...theheightofaroom’sceilingaffectshowpeoplethink.”可知选B。
[答案] B
2.Thepassagetellsusthat________.
A.theshapeoffurnituremayaffectpeople’sfeelings
B.lowerceilingsmayhelpimprovestudents’creativity
C.childreninadimclassroommayimprovetheirgrades
D.studentsinroomswithunblockedviewsmayfeelrelaxed
[解析] 事实细节题。
B、C均属于与事实相反的选项;D项属于移花接木式的错误,由文章倒数第二段最后一句“furniturewithroundededgescouldhelpvisitorsrelax”可知。
[答案] A
3.Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphprobablymeansthat________.
A.theproblemisnotapproachedstepbystep
B.theresearchessofarhavefaultsinthemselves
C.theproblemistoodifficultforresearcherstodetect
D.researchinthisareaisnotenoughtomakegeneralizedpatterns
[解析] 猜测词义题。
根据“Wehaveaverylimitednumberofstudies.”及“Howdoyoutakeanswerstoveryspecificquestionsandmakebroad,generalizeduseofhem?
”可知,对这个地区的研究不足以制定出大众化的模式。
[答案] D
4.Whichofthefollowingshowstheorganizationofthepassage?
CP:
CentralPoint P:
Point Sp:
Sub-point(次要点)
C:
Conclusion
[解析] 推理判断题。
根据文章结构先总述房子的设计影响人的创造性、专注性以及休闲性,再分述这三方面,并对第二方面加以分点阐述,最后得出结论:
经初步研究结论成立,但我们的研究远远不足,还将继续努力。
[答案] C
(第102篇)
Societiesallovertheworldnameplacesinsimilarways.Quiteoftenthereisnoofficialnamingceremonybutplacestendtobecallednamesaspointsofreferencebypeople.Thenanorganizedbodystepsinandgivestheplaceaname.Frequentlyithappensthataplacehastwonames:
Oneisnamedbythepeopleandtheotherbythegovernment.Asinmanyareas,oldhabitsdie-hard,_andtheplacecontinuestobecalledbyitsunofficialnamelongafterthemeaningislost.
ManyroadsandplacesinSingapore(新加坡)arenamedinorderthatthepioneerswillberememberedbyfuturegenerations.ThuswehavenamessuchasStamfordRoadandRafflesPlace.Thisisinkeepingwithtraditionsinmanycountries—inboththeWestandtheEast.
Anotherwayofnamingplacesisnamingthemafterotherplaces.Perhapstheywerenamedtopromotefriendshipsbetweenthetwoplacesoritcouldbethatthepeoplewhousedtolivetherewereoriginallyfromtheplacesthattheroadswerenamedafter.ThemysteryisclearerwhenweseesomeoftheroadsnamedinformerBritishbases.IfyoustepintoSelectorAirbaseyouwillseePiccadillyCircusobviouslynamedbysomehomesickRoyalAirForcepersonnel.
Someplaceswerenamedaftertheactivitiesthatusedtogoonatthoseplaces.BrasBasahRoadisaninterestingexample.“BrasBasah”means“wetrice”inMalay(马来语).Nowwhywouldanyonewanttonamearoad“WetRiceRoad”?
Thereasonissimple.Duringthepioneeringdays,wetricewaslaidouttodryalongthisroad.
AfewroadsinSingaporearenamedbytheirshapes.Thereis“CircularRoad”forone.Otherroadsmayhavepartoftheirnamestodescribetheirshapes,like“PayaLebarCrescent”.Thisroadiscalledacrescent(月牙)becauseitbeginsonthemainroad,makesacrescentandcomesbacktojointhemainroadagain.
[语篇解读] 本文议论世界上不同地区的人们以类似的方式为地点命名,如:
以先驱者的名字命名;以其他地点的名字命名;以活动的名称命名;以形状命名等。
1.WelearnfromParagraph1that________.
A.thegovernmentisusuallythefirsttonameaplace
B.manyplacestendtohavemorethanonename
C.aceremonywillbeheldwhenaplaceisnamed
D.peopleprefertheplacenamesgivenbythegovernment
[解析] 推理判断题。
从第一段第四句Frequentlyithappensthataplacehastwonames:
Oneisnamed...推论可知。
[答案] B
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“diehard”inParagraph1probablymean?
A.Changesuddenly.
B.Changesignificantly.
C.Disappearmysteriously.
D.Disappearveryslowly.
[解析] 猜测词义题。
从diehard后句...andtheplacecontinuestobecalledbyitsunofficialnamelongafterthemeaningislost.的意思可判断diehard的词义应为:
消失得很慢。
[答案] D
3.Whichofthefollowingplacesisnamedafteraperson?
A.RafflesPlace.B.SelectorAirbase.
C.PiccadillyCircus.D.PayaLebarCrescent.
[解析] 事实细节题。
根据第二段的第一句(特别是pioneers“先驱者”一词)和第二句的内容得知:
RafflesPlace应是指先驱者的名字。
[答案] A
4.BrasBasahRoadisnamed________.
A.afterapersonB.afteraplace
C.afteranactivityD.byitsshape
[解析] 事实细节题。
根据第四段第一句和第二句内容很明确地判断:
BrasBasah是活动名称。
[答案] C
5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?
A.SomeplacenamesinSingaporearethesameasinBritain.
B.SomeplacesinSingaporearenamedformilitarypurposes.
C.ThewaySingaporeansnametheirplacesisunique.
D.YoungSingaporeanshaveforgottenthepioneers.
[解析] 推理判断题。
从第三段最后一句可知。
PiccadillyCircus皮卡迪利广场(即伦敦戏院及娱乐中心)。
[答案] A
(第103篇)
Successfulpeopleininternationalbusinessunderstandtheculturesofothercountriesandlearntochangetheirpracticesindifferentcultures.Theyunderstandtheimportanceofavoidingbusinessdecisionsbasedonmisconceptions—mistakenideas.
Onecauseofmisconceptionsisethnocentrism,thebeliefthatone’sownculture’swayofdoingthingsisbetterthanthewayofothercultures.It’sethnocentrismthatleadstofailureininternationalbusiness.Toavoidethnocentrism,it’snecessarytostudythedifferentelements(组成部分)ofculture:
language,valuesandattitudes,andcustomsandmanners.
Language
Aknowledgeofthelocallanguagecanhelpinternationalbusinesspeopleinfourways.First,peoplecancommunicatedirectly.Second,peopleareusuallymoreopenintheircommunicationwithsomeonewhospeakstheirlanguage.Third,anunderstandingofthelanguageallowspeopletoinfermeaningsthatarenotsaiddirectly.Finally,knowingthelanguagehelpspeopletounderstandtheculturebetter.
ValuesandAttitudes
Valuesarepeople’sbasicbeliefsaboutthedifferencebetweenrightandwrong,goodandbad.Anattitudeisawayofthinkingoracting.Valuesandattitudesinfluenceinternationalbusiness.Forexample,manypeopleintheUnitedStatesbelievethatchocolatefromSwitzerlandisbetterthanchocolatefromothercountries,andtheybuyalotofit.
CustomsandManners
Customsarecommonsocialpractices.Mannersarewaysofactingthatthesocietybelievesarepolite.Forexample,intheUnitedStates,itisthecustomtohavesalad(色拉)beforethemaincourseatdinner,notafter.It’snotacceptabletotalkwithfoodinmouthattable.Failuretounderstandthecustomsandmannersofothercountrieswillbringdifficultysellingtheirproducts.OrangejuiceasabreakfastdrinkofanAmericancompanyinFrancedoesn’tsellwellbecausetheFrenchdon’tusuallydrinkjuicewithbreakfast.
[语篇解读] 成功的国际商人之所以能取得成功,一个重要原因是他们能够理解不同的民族文化,并能够根据不同的文化而改变自己的行为。
针对如何避免每个人心中由来已久的“民族优越感”,文章就态度和价值观及风俗习惯等几方面提出了建议。
1.Aknowledgeofthelocallanguageallowsinternationalbusinesspeople________.
A.tobemoreopenwiththeircustomers
B.tocommunicatewithoutoutsidehelp
C.toexpresstheirthoughtsindirectly
D.tohaveabetterideaoftheirownculture
[解析] 事实细节题。
由第三段中的First,peoplecancommunicatedirectly.可知本题选B。
[答案] B
2.TheactofmanypeoplebuyingchocolateofSwitzerlandshowstheroleof________.
A.manners B.values
C.attitudesD.customs
[解析] 推理判断题。
由ValuesandAttitudes这一部分Anattitudeisawayofthinkingoracting.可知答案为C。
[答案] C
3.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.MisconceptionsinBusiness
B.BasicBeliefsinBusiness
C.InternationalBusinessCulture
D.SuccessfulInternationalBusiness
[解析] 主旨大意题。
第二段是文章的主题段,由本段可知本题选C。
[答案] C
4.Theauthor’spurposeofwritingthisarticleistotellpeople________.
A.howtotakearightattitudeinbusiness
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 高考英语 实战演练专题阅读理解101105 高考 英语 实战 演练 专题 阅读 理解 101105